Okudingeka ukwazi ngeSifo se-Bubonic, noma 'i-Black Death'

Uma sizwa igama elithi "Black Death," sicabanga ngesifo esibi ezincwadini zomlando esabulala abantu emadolobheni, akunjalo? Kodwa bewazi ukuthi leso sifo, isifo se-bubonic, sisabonakala ezindaweni eziningi emhlabeni jikelele? Ungakhathazeki, lesi akusona isifo esikhulu esasiyiso ngaphambili. Kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nolwazi olufanele ngalokhu. Ake sixoxe ngakho kalula.

Iyini i-Bubonic Plague?

Kalula nje, isifo esiwumshayabhuqe yisifo esibangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane . Amagciwane asibangelayo abizwa ngokuthi 'iYersinia pestis' . Lesi sifo singathinta kokubili izilwane kanye nabantu. Sisakazwa kakhulu yizimpukane ezilwaneni ezifana namagundane.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zalesi sifo.

1. Isifo Sokuqubuka Kwezimpukane: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Lubizwa ngokuthi yilesi sifo ngoba sibangela ukuba ama-lymph node emzimbeni avuvuke. La maqhubu avuvukele abizwa ngokuthi 'ama-buboe' . La maqhubu, angaba makhulu njengeqanda futhi angakhipha ubomvu, angavela ezindaweni ezifana namakhwapha, iqolo kanye nentamo.

2. Ubhubhane Lwezifo Ezibangelwa Yigciwane: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amagciwane engena ngqo egazini futhi esakazeka emzimbeni wonke.

3. Ubhubhane Lwemiphunga: Yilapho amagciwane ehlasela khona amaphaphu.

Ingabe lokhu kufana 'nokufa okumnyama' emlandweni?

Yebo. Kunjalo. Ubhubhane lwe-bubonic lwabulala cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zabantu baseYurophu ngekhulu le-14, noma abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-25 . Ngaleso sikhathi, kanye namagundane afika ngemikhumbi, izimpukane nalesi sifo kwasakazeka kuwo wonke amazwe.

Kwakubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Black Death' ngezizathu ezimbili. Eyokuqala, ngoba cishe wonke umuntu owathola lesi sifo washona. Esinye kwakungenxa yokuthi ezinye iziguli zaba nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-gangrene', esabangela ukuba izicubu zife futhi zibe mnyama ezindaweni ezifana neminwe yazo. Kwakungekho ukwelashwa kwaso ngaleso sikhathi.

Ingabe lesi sifo sisakhona emhlabeni namuhla?

Yebo, lesi sifo asikaqedwa ngokuphelele emhlabeni. Amacala abikwa ngezikhathi ezithile e-Afrika, e-Asia, eNingizimu Melika, ngisho nasezingxenyeni ezisentshonalanga yeNyakatho Melika. Ngisho nasezweni elifana ne-United States, kubikwa amacala angaba ngu-7 ngonyaka.

Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lesi akusona isifo esivamile emazweni afana neSri Lanka. Ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokudala ukwesaba okungadingekile. Kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela.

Ziyini izimpawu? Ungazibona kanjani?

Izimpawu zingase zihluke kancane kuye ngohlobo lwesifo. Ake sibheke lokhu ukuze sikuqonde kahle lokhu.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zimpawu, ngezinye izikhathi isicanucanu nokuhlanza kungase kube khona.

Lesi sifo sidluliselwa kanjani?

Lesi yisifo esidluliselwa kubantu sisuka ezilwaneni. Kwezokwelapha, lesi sifo sibizwa ngokuthi "isifo se-zoonotic".

• Indlela eyinhloko: Uma izimpukane ezilwaneni ezinegciwane, njengezimpuku nezingwejeje, ziluma abantu.
• Ezinye izindlela: Ake sithi ikati lakho lidle igundane elinegciwane. Lelo kati lingase lithole lesi sifo. Bese kuthi, ngamaconsi amathe avela kulelo kati, wena noma udokotela wezilwane olelaphayo ningatheleleka.

Ingabe ikhona indlela yokwelapha? Ingabe lokhu kungelapheka?

Izindaba ezinhle kakhulu zithi, yebo!Ngokungafani nangaphambili, manje kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu kulokhu.

Njengoba lokhu kuyigciwane elibangelwa amagciwane, kungelapheka ngokuphelele ngama-antibiotic. Uma udokotela ekuxilonga ukuthi unesifo esiwumshayabhuqe, uzolaliswa esibhedlela futhi welashwe. Kwezinye izimo, ungase ubekwe endaweni yokuzihlukanisa ukuze uvimbele ukutheleleka kwabanye.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-antibiotic ezinikezwa ukwelashwa:

• `I-Ciprofloxacin`, `i-levofloxacin` kanye ne-`i-moxifloxacin`
• `I-Gentamicin`
• I- Doxycycline ( i-Doxycycline (i-Doxycycline) )

Kodwa khumbula, isifo se-bubonic singabulala uma singelashwa. Ngakho-ke uma ungaqiniseki ngezimpawu zakho, xhumana nodokotela ngokushesha.

Yini okufanele siyenze ukuze sizivikele kulesi sifo?

Nakuba lesi sifo singavamile eSri Lanka, la maqiniso abaluleke kakhulu ekuhlanzeni okujwayelekile.

• Ukulawulwa Kwamagundane: Yenza ikhaya lakho kanye nengadi yakho kungangeni amagundane nezingwejeje. Susa udoti, izinkuni ezindala, nezinye izinto egcekeni lakho. Gcina indawo ihlanzekile lapho upha izilwane ukudla.
• Izilwane ezifuywayo: Sebenzisa imikhiqizo yokulawula izimpukane enjeni noma ekatini lakho ngendlela efanele. Uma zigula, ziyise kudokotela wezilwane ngokushesha. Ungavumeli izilwane ezifuywayo zilale embhedeni wakho.
• Ukuphepha komuntu siqu: Gqoka amagilavu ​​​​njalo uma uphatha izilwane ezifile. Uma uya endaweni enehlathi, sebenzisa umuthi wokuxosha izinambuzane oqukethe i-DEET noma i-permethrin ukuze uzivikele ezinambuzaneni ezifana nezimpukane.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma uba nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane ophakeme, izinhlungu zomzimba, kanye nokuvuvukala kwama-lymph node , bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Tshela udokotela wakho ikakhulukazi uma uke waba sendaweni lapho kuvame khona ama-fleas noma lapho izilwane ezifana namagundane zivame khona.

Ngakho-ke, isifo se-bubonic, nakuba singase sibonakale njengengxenye yomlando, siseyisifo esikhona emhlabeni namuhla. Kodwa akukho okufanele ukwesabe. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuhlala uhlanzekile futhi uvikelekile emagundwini nasezintanjeni. Ngokuqaphela izimpawu nokufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha okukhulu, singalapheka ngokuphelele.