Ingabe unalezi zimpawu ezingavamile? Ake sixoxe nge-Carcinoid Syndrome!

Ngezinye izikhathi asazi kahle ukuthi kwenzekani emizimbeni yethu, akunjalo? Wake wabhekana nokushawa ngamanzi ngokuzumayo, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besisu, kanye nesifo sohudo? Lezi akuzona nje izinto ezingahleliwe. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi kungaba izimpawu zesimo esingavamile esibizwa ngokuthi i-Carcinoid Syndrome. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe namuhla.

Iyini i-Carcinoid Syndrome?

Kalula nje, i-carcinoid syndrome iqoqo lezimpawu ezibangelwa uhlobo lokukhula komdlavuza emzimbeni wakho olubizwa ngokuthi ama-neuroendocrine tumors (ama-NET) . Lawa maseli e-neuroendocrine awuhlobo olukhethekile lweseli oluhilelekile ezinhlelweni zethu zezinzwa nama-hormone. Ama-NET ayenzeka lapho la maseli ehlukana ngokuzumayo futhi aphindaphindeke ngokushesha, akha ama-tumors.

Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi lesi yisifo esithinta wonke umuntu. Cha, empeleni yisimo esingavamile . Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabahlanu abanezimila ze-neuroendocrine (ama-NET) uba ne-carcinoid syndrome. Ama-NET nawo awavamile kangako, kanti kulinganiselwa ukuthi amaphesenti angu-5 kwangu-100,000 e-United States.

Lawa ma-NET, ​​ikakhulukazi lawo asemaphashini noma emaphashini akho, akhipha inani elikhulu lama-hormone afana ne -serotonin namanye amakhemikhali emzimbeni ngesikhathi esisodwa. Yilapho kuvela khona izimpawu ze-carcinoid syndrome. Ngezinye izikhathi, uqala ukwazi ukuthi une-NET ngemva kokuvela kwezimpawu zalesi sifo.

Akuvamile kakhulu, uma lesi sifo se-carcinoid singahlolwa futhi singalashwa kahle, singaholela esimeni esiphuthumayo esisongela ukuphila esibizwa ngokuthi 'inkinga ye-carcinoid.' Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Carcinoid Syndrome?

Ake sibheke izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zalesi simo. Bheka ukuthi unazo yini lezi zimpawu, ngasinye ngasinye:

• Ukuhlanza: Lokhu kungaba yinto engakhululekile. Kufana nokuhlanza uma unamahloni, kodwa uma kwenzeka njalo ngaphandle kwesizathu, kufanele ukhathazeke.
• Ukuphefumula kanzima kanye nokuphelelwa umoya (i-dyspnea): Kungase kuzwakale sengathi kunzima ukuphefumula, noma njengomsindo wokukhala kwekhwela ovela esifubeni.
• Ukuqaqamba kwesisu kanye nohudo oluqhumayo noluvame ukwenzeka: Ubuhlungu besisu obuhambisana nohudo oluqhubekayo nolunzima. Ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ukulawula.
• Amakaka anamafutha anephunga elibi: Amakaka angase abonakale enamafutha futhi abe nephunga elingavamile.
• Ukuvuvukala noma ukuvuvukala kwezinyawo nemilenze yakho:Lokhu kungaba uphawu lokwehluleka kwenhliziyo ngezinye izikhathi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
• Ukuncipha kwesifiso socansi noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile kwabesilisa: Abanye abantu bangase babe nalezi zimo.
• Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba kanye nokumhlophe kwamehlo (i-Jaundice): Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi 'i-jaundice'. Kungaba yinkinga yesibindi.
• Ukuzizwa unesizungu noma ubuthakathaka: Lokhu kungaba uphawu lomfutho wegazi ophansi.
• Ukuzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho iyashaya ngamandla: Ungase uzizwe sengathi isifuba sakho sishaya ngokushesha.

Uma uqhubeka nokuba nesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ukuze axoxe ngazo. Lezi zingaba futhi izimpawu zezinye izimo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi une-carcinoid syndrome.

Kungani kwenzeka lesi sifo se-carcinoid?

Njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, i-carcinoid syndrome yenzeka uma unamathumba e-neuroendocrine (ama-NET). Lawa ma-NET angamathumba avela kumaseli akhethekile ohlelweni lwakho lwe-neuroendocrine. Lawa maseli akhiqiza futhi akhiphe ama-hormone emzimbeni.

Ngokuvamile, la ma-NET angakhula ezindaweni ezifana nomgudu wakho wokugaya ukudla, amaphaphu, kanye ne-pancreas. Kodwa-ke, i-carcinoid syndrome ivame ukubangelwa ama-NET omgudu wokugaya ukudla noma amaphaphu ngokuzumayo akhipha inani elikhulu lama-hormone (ikakhulukazi i-serotonin) egazini.

Cabanga ngakho njengompompi ovula amanzi kancane kancane, la maseli avame ukukhulula ama-hormone ngamanani amancane. Kodwa lapho kwakheka i-NET, kufana nokuthi impompi ivulwa ngokuzumayo, bese kuphuma ama-hormone amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Yilapho kuvela khona izimpawu zalesi sifo.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-carcinoid syndrome?

Isici esiyinhloko esiyingozi salokhu ukuba nesimila se-neuroendocrine (NET) endleleni yakho yokugaya ukudla noma emaphashini . Ngamanye amazwi, i-carcinoid syndrome ngokuvamile ayiveli ngaphandle kwe-NET.

Lokho kusho ukuthi, uma utholakale unama-NET, kufanele ukhathazeke ngalesi sifo. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma othile emndenini eke waba nama-NET, lokho kungaba yisici esiyingozi ngezinga elithile, kodwa akuvamile kakhulu.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-Carcinoid Syndrome?

I-carcinoid syndrome akuyona nje isethi yezimpawu, ingaholela ezinkingeni eziningana ezinkulu. Esinye sezimo ezinjalo 'inkinga ye-carcinoid' engase isongela impilo engikhulume ngayo ekuqaleni.

Ake sibheke ezinye izinkinga ezimbalwa:

• Isifo senhliziyo esibangelwa yi-carcinoid:Lokhu nakho akuvamile, kodwa kungaba yingozi empilweni. Ama-hormone akhishwa yi-NETs athinta ulwelwesi lwamagumbi enhliziyo yakho, ama-valve, kanye nemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kungaholela ngisho nasekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo.
• I-Mesenteric fibrosis: Ama-NET angabangela ukuvuvukala kanye nezibazi ze-mesentery, izicubu ezixhumanisa amathumbu akho nodonga lwesisu sakho. Lokhu kungaphazamisa ukusebenza kwamathumbu.
• Ukucindezeleka: I-carcinoid syndrome ingathinta ikhono lomzimba wakho lokusebenzisa i-amino acid ebalulekile ebizwa ngokuthi i-tryptophan. I-Tryptophan iyasiza ekwenzeni i-serotonin. I-Serotonin iyikhemikhali yobuchopho elawula izinto ezifana nesimo sethu sengqondo, ukuziphatha, kanye nokulala. Ngakho amazinga aphansi e-serotonin angaholela ekucindezelekeni.

Isimo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-carcinoid crisis

Inkinga ye-carcinoid iyisimo esiphuthumayo esingavamile kodwa esingasongela ukuphila . Singenzeka ngenxa yokuhlinzwa, ezinye izinqubo zezokwelapha, noma ukulimala okubangelwe yingozi.

Izici zalokhu yilezi:

• Izinguquko ezinkulu ekucindezelweni kwegazi: Umfutho wegazi ungehla ngokuzumayo kakhulu (ukwehla komfutho wegazi) noma ukhuphuke kakhulu.
• Ukusha okukhulu: Umzimba wonke uphenduka ube bomvu ngokuzumayo futhi ungase uzizwe ushisa.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea): Ukuphefumula okufushane kakhulu kungase kube khona.
• Ukudideka: Ungase uzizwe sengathi ingqondo yakho iyaphazamiseka.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi umuntu onesifo se-carcinoid noma isimila se-neuroendocrine (NET) aphathe ikhadi elichaza isimo sakhe. Lokhu kungaba usizo kakhulu uma edinga usizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha. Futhi, uma uzohlinzwa, kubalulekile ukutshela odokotela bakho ngalesi simo. Bangakunikeza imithi ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ukuze banciphise ingozi 'yenkinga ye-carcinoid'.

Itholakala kanjani i-Carcinoid Syndrome?

Odokotela basebenzisa izivivinyo eziningana ukuze bathole lesi simo. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini:

• Ukuhlolwa komchamo: Lokhu kuhlola amazinga ama-hormone athile emchameni wakho, ikakhulukazi umkhiqizo we-serotonin obizwa ngokuthi i-5-HIAA (5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid) .
• Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kanye nomlando wezokwelapha: Izimpawu ze-carcinoid syndrome zingafana nezezinye izifo ezingatheni kangako, ngakho udokotela wakho uzokubuza ngokuningiliziwe ngezimpawu zakho, ukuthi sezinesikhathi esingakanani zikhona, nokuthi ziya ziba zimbi yini.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi:Lokhu kuhlola amazinga ezinto ezikhishwa egazini ezivela ezithweni nasezicutshini zakho. Uma amazinga ezinto ezithile ekhuphuka noma ehla ngokuzumayo, kungaba uphawu lwesifo. Isibonelo, babheka uphawu olubizwa ngokuthi i-Chromogranin A.
• Iskeni se-Neuroendocrine Positron Emission Tomography (PET): Lesi iskeni esikhethekile esisebenzisa udayi obizwa ngokuthi i-gallium 68 dotatate ukuthola indawo yezimila ze-neuroendocrine (ama-NET).
• I-CT scan: I-CT scan isebenzisa i-X-ray kanye nekhompyutha ukudala izithombe ezinezilinganiso ezintathu (3D) zezitho zakho namathambo. Lokhu kungasiza futhi ekunqumeni indawo nosayizi wanoma yiziphi izigaxa.
• Ukuskena nge-ultrasound: Lokhu kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukudala izithombe zezitho zomzimba.
• Ukuskena kwe-MRI (i-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Lokhu kusebenzisa i-magnet enkulu, amaza omsakazo, kanye nekhompyutha ukukhiqiza izithombe ezinemininingwane zangaphakathi lomzimba.
• I-Endoscopy: Kulolu vivinyo, udokotela ufaka ithubhu elide nelincane elinekhamera nokukhanya emzimbeni wakho ukuze alihlole. Isibonelo, le nqubo ingasetshenziswa ukuhlola isisu noma amathumbu.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-Carcinoid Syndrome?

I-carcinoid syndrome ibangelwa izimila ze-neuroendocrine (ama-NET). Ngakho-ke, uma lezo zimila zelashwa, lesi sifo naso siyalashwa.

Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha eziyinhloko:

• Ukuhlinzwa: Izimila ze-neuroendocrine zingasuswa ngokuphelele noma zincishiswe ngobukhulu. Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa luncike endaweni kanye nobukhulu besimila.
• Ama-Somatostatin analogues: Lawa uhlobo olukhethekile lwemithi. Le mithi ingavimba umzimba wakho ekwenzeni ama-hormone amaningi kakhulu. Ingasiza futhi ekulawuleni ukukhula kwezimila lapho amangqamuzana omdlavuza esakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba (i-metastasis). Izibonelo zifaka phakathi imithi ebizwa ngokuthi i-Octreotide ne -Lanreotide .
• Ukwelashwa okuqondiwe: Lena futhi indlela yokwelapha ekhethekile esetshenziselwa ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Kulokhu, kunikezwa imithi yokuhlasela izakhi zofuzo noma amaprotheni athile kumaseli omdlavuza.
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Lokhu kusebenzisa imithi ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali akusebenzi ngendlela efanayo kuzo zonke izinhlobo zama-NET.
• Ukufakwa kwegazi emzimbeni: Kule ndlela, umthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi esimila uyavalwa, obhubhisa isimila. Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha esetshenziswa ikakhulukazi kuma-NET esibindini.

Ingabe i-Carcinoid Syndrome ingavinjelwa?

Ngempela,Ayikho indlela yokuvimbela i-carcinoid syndrome ngoba ihlotshaniswa nezimila ze-neuroendocrine (ama-NET). Njengoba kungekho ndlela eyaziwayo yokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwama-NET, ayikho indlela yokuvimbela izimpawu ezibangelwa yizo.

Kodwa-ke, uma wazi ukuthi une-NET, ukuqaphela izimpawu ze-carcinoid syndrome kusenesikhathi nokuqala ukwelashwa kunganciphisa ingozi yezinkinga.

Ngizinakekela kanjani? / Ngingabhekana kanjani nezimpawu?

Uma une-carcinoid syndrome, ungase ube nesimila se-neuroendocrine (NET). Ngakho-ke, uma unezimpawu ze-carcinoid syndrome, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Bangahlola isimo sakho futhi batuse ukuhlolwa okudingekayo ukuze babone ukuthi une-NET yini.

Izimpawu ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-carcinoid syndrome ukuhlanza, ukukhwehlela, kanye nesifo sohudo. Nazi izinto ezimbalwa ongazenza ukuze usize ekulawuleni lokhu:

• Ukushawa: Lokhu kuyindlela yokusabela kwesimiso sakho sezinzwa ekucindezelekeni ngokomzimba noma ngokwengqondo. Ukuze unciphise lokhu, thatha umoya ojulile, sula ubuso bakho nesifuba ngendwangu emanzi, noma uthole umoya omusha ngaphandle. Ukugwema utshwala nakho kungasiza.
• Ukuphefumula kanzima: Uma uphefumula kanzima, zama ukuphuza itiye lezitshalo noma usebenzise i-inhaler noma i-vaporizer . Uma ubhema, zama ukuyeka. Ukubhema kungathuthukisa kakhulu indlela yakho yokuphefumula.
• Uhudo: Uma uhudo luyinkinga kuwe, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela zokunciphisa ukuvama kwalo kanye nobunzima balo. Kunemithi ekhethekile eyenzelwe ukulawula uhudo olubangelwa yi-carcinoid syndrome. Futhi, ukudla okunamafutha, okunongwe, kanye nokudla kobisi kungenza lesi simo sibe sibi kakhulu kwabanye abantu. Ngakho-ke qaphela ukuthi udlani.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela? / Kufanele ngiye nini egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo?

Uma izimpawu zakho ze-carcinoid syndrome ziba zimbi kakhulu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Uma welashwa i-NET, tshela udokotela wakho uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezintsha emzimbeni wakho ezingase zizwakale njengezimpawu ze-NET. Lezi zinguquko kungenzeka zingahlobene nokuxilongwa kwakho kwe-NET, kodwa indlela engcono kakhulu yokwazi ngokuqinisekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Futhi, uma izimpawu zakho noma imiphumela emibi evela ekwelashweni kwakho iba mibi kakhulu, tshela udokotela wakho.

Nini ukuya e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU)

Uma i-carcinoid syndrome ingelashwa, izimpawu zingaba zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi zibe yisimo esisongela ukuphila esibizwa ngokuthi 'inkinga ye-carcinoid.' Ngakho-ke, iya emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela ngokushesha uma unalokhu:

• Uma uzwa ubuhlungu besifuba noma ushaya ngamandla.
• Uma unesifo sohudo esinzima izinsuku eziningana.
• Uma unesifo sesisu esibuhlungu kakhulu.
• Uma uzizwa ubuthakathaka.
• Uma unesifo sokushaqeka okukhulu kobuso, intamo, kanye nesifuba (ukushaqeka okukhulu).

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

I-carcinoid syndrome ingaba uphawu lokuthi unesimila se-neuroendocrine (NET). Ngakho-ke uma unemibuzo mayelana ne-carcinoid syndrome, ungase ube nemibuzo eminingi mayelana ne-NETs. Nansi eminye imibuzo ongayibuza udokotela wakho:

• Uma ngine-carcinoid syndrome, ngingazi kanjani ukuthi nginesimila se-neuroendocrine?
• Uma nginesimila, sitholakala kuphi emzimbeni wami?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha isimila sami?
• Iyini imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?
• Ingabe isimila se-neuroendocrine esibangele i-carcinoid syndrome yami singalapheka ngokuphelele?
• Ingabe i-carcinoid syndrome ingabuya ngemva kokuba isimila sami se-neuroendocrine seselashwe?

Umyalezo Wokugcina Wokuya Nasekhaya

I-Carcinoid Syndrome yisimo esingavamile esingaba khona kumuntu onesimila se-neuroendocrine (NET). Ngokuvamile, abantu abane-carcinoid syndrome sebeyazi kakade ukuthi bane-NET. Ngezinye izikhathi, abantu baqala ukuzwa ukuthi bane-NET ngemva kokuxilongwa ukuthi bane-carcinoid syndrome.

Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi ama-NET angelapheka. Ukwazi ukuthi unesifo se-carcinoid kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuthola ukuthi unomdlavuza yini nokuthi, uma kunjalo, ungawelapha kanjani. Ngakho-ke, uma utholakale une-carcinoid syndrome, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ubuze ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ezilandelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unama-NET. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi.

Khumbula, awuwedwa. Esimweni esinjengalesi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela iseluleko sezokwelapha nokufuna ukwesekwa komndeni wakho.

I- Carcinoid syndrome, izimila ze-neuroendocrine, ama-NET, i-serotonin, izimpawu, umdlavuza, ama-hormone