Ingabe uzizwa ubuthakathaka kakhulu ukuba uvuke embhedeni namuhla ekuseni ngemuva kokuzizwa uphilile kahle izolo ebusuku? Ingabe umzimba wakho ubuhlungu kakhulu? Ingabe uke waba nomkhuhlane nokukhwehlela ngokuzumayo, kanye nomkhuhlane? Lokhu kungaba ukuqala komkhuhlane ovamile kodwa owesabekayo, noma ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-influenza. Uma uzwa igama elithi 'flu', abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kumane kungumkhuhlane ovamile. Kodwa empeleni kukhona umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalokhu okubili. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngomkhuhlane, indlela yokuzivikela kuwo, kanye nezibalo okudingeka siziqaphele.
Uyini ngempela umkhuhlane? Ingabe uhlukile kumkhuhlane ovamile?
Kalula nje, umkhuhlane uwukutheleleka kohlelo lokuphefumula okubangelwa yigciwane lomkhuhlane . Ungaba mubi kakhulu kunomkhuhlane ovamile. Uma sithola umkhuhlane ovamile, sizwa ubuhlungu bomzimba, ikhala eligobhozayo, nokuthimula izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu, bese kunyamalala.
Kodwa uma uthola umkhuhlane, izimpawu ziqala ngokuzumayo. Izimpawu eziyinhloko umkhuhlane ophezulu, izinhlungu zomzimba, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukukhwehlela okomile, kanye nokukhathala okukhulu . Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uzizwe ukhathele kangangokuthi awukwazi ngisho nokuvuka embhedeni. Lesi simo singahlala izinsuku eziningana, noma ngisho namasonto. Ngakho-ke umkhuhlane akuyona into okufanele uyithathe kalula.
Izibalo ezimangazayo mayelana nomkhuhlane
Nakuba lolu lwazi lusekelwe kudatha yaseMelika, lusisiza siqonde ukuthi isimo singaba sibi kangakanani ngesikhathi sobhubhane lomkhuhlane. Ake sibone ukuthi lolu lwazi lusitshelani.
| Ulwazi | Kusho ukuthini lokho? (Kusho ukuthini lokho) |
|---|---|
| Izinga lokwenzeka kwaminyaka yonke | Unyaka ngamunye, phakathi kuka -5% no-20% wabantu emazweni athuthukile bathola umkhuhlane. Lokho kuphakathi kuka-5 no-20 kubantu abayi-100. |
| Ukulaliswa esibhedlela | Inani elikhulu labantu lilaliswe esibhedlela ngenxa yezinkinga (isib. i-pneumonia) ezibangelwa yi-flu. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi i-flu ayisona isifo esilula. |
| Isikhathi sokutheleleka kwegciwane | Izimpawu zingavela zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-1 kuya kweziyi-4 ngemuva kokungena kwegciwane emzimbeni. Into ebalulekile ukuthi ungathelela omunye umuntu ngosuku ngaphambi kokuba ubonise izimpawu . |
| Isikhathi sokuphulukiswa | Nakuba lesi sifo sivame ukuphela zingakapheli izinsuku ezintathu kuya kweziyi-7 , ukukhwehlela nokukhathala kungaqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili. |
| Ukusebenza kahle komjovo | Kuthatha cishe amasonto amabili ngemva kokuthola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane ukuze umzimba wakhe amasosha omzimba futhi unikeze isivikelo. |
Umkhuhlane udluliselwa kanjani?
Igciwane lomkhuhlane lisakazeka kalula kakhulu lisuka komunye umuntu liye komunye. Ake uzicabange usebhasini eligcwele abantu, esitimeleni, noma usebenza ehhovisi.
- Uma ukhwehlela futhi uthimula: Uma umuntu onomkhuhlane ekhwehlela, ethimula, noma ekhuluma, amaconsi amancane aqukethe igciwane angena emoyeni. Uma umuntu oseduze ephefumula lowo moya, igciwane lingangena emzimbeni walowo muntu.
- Ngokuthinta: Uma uthinta indawo enegciwane kuyo (isib. isibambo somnyango, itafula, ucingo) bese uthinta ikhala lakho, umlomo, noma amehlo akho ngaleso sandla esifanayo, cishe uzothola igciwane.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungasabalalisa lesi sifo kwabanye kusukela ngosuku olungaphambi kokuba uqale ukukhombisa izimpawu uze uzizwe ungcono. Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala ekhaya uma uzizwa ugula.
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela kumkhuhlane: umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane
Indlela ephumelela kakhulu nephephile yokuzivikela kumkhuhlane ukuthola umjovo womkhuhlane minyaka yonke. Kunemibono eyiphutha ngalokhu.
Imibono eyiphutha evamile mayelana nomuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane
- "Ukuthola umuthi wokugomela kuzokunika umkhuhlane" : Lokhu kungamanga nhlobo. Umuthi wokugomela uqukethe igciwane elibulewe noma elibuthakathaka kakhulu. Ngeke lize libangele umkhuhlane. Lokho umuthi wokugomela okwenzayo ukufaka igciwane ohlelweni lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu futhi usize ukukhiqiza ama-antibodies okulwa nalo.
- "Ngiphilile, angidingi umuthi wokugoma": Ngisho noma uphilile, uma uthola umkhuhlane, ungawudlulisela elungwini lomndeni elikhulile, enganeni encane, kowesifazane okhulelwe, noma kothile onesinye isimo sezokwelapha (njengesifo sikashukela noma i-asthma). Kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu kubo. Ngakho-ke ukugonywa kukuvikela wena nalabo abaseduze nawe.
I-World Health Organization (WHO) itusa ukuthi wonke umuntu oneminyaka engaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala , ikakhulukazi labo abasemaqenjini asengozini enkulu (abesifazane abakhulelwe, izingane ezincane, abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-65, kanye nabantu abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona), bathole umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane njalo ngonyaka. Ungafunda kabanzi ngalokhu kudokotela womndeni wakho .
Yini okufanele uyenze uma uthola umkhuhlane? Kunini lapho kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha
Uma unezimpawu zomkhuhlane, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza yile:
1. Phumula ngokwanele: Nika umzimba wakho amandla okulwa negciwane.
2. Phuza uketshezi oluningi: Phuza amanzi amaningi, isobho elishisayo, iphalishi, kanye nojusi wewolintshi.
3. Hlala kude nabanye: Hlala ekhaya ukuze uvimbele ukusabalalisa lesi sifo kwabanye.
4. Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha: Nakuba ungathatha imithi efana ne-paracetamol yomkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba, kuwukuhlakanipha ukubonisana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokwenza noma yini.
Kodwa-ke, kunezimpawu ezithile eziyisixwayiso . Uma unanoma yikuphi kwalokhu, akufanele uchithe isikhathi futhi ngokushesha uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ukuphelelwa umoya
- Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ingcindezi
- Ukuzungeza noma ukudideka okungazelelwe
- Ukuhlanza okukhulu noma okuqhubekayo
- Izindebe noma ubuso obuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
- Ukuqhuma okubangelwa umkhuhlane
Ezinganeni ezincane, qaphelani kakhulu izimpawu ezinjengokuphefumula ngokushesha, ukungaphuzi uketshezi olwanele, ukulala kakhulu ukuba ungavuswa, kanye nokungabonisi sithakazelo sokudlala.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umkhuhlane awuyona nje umkhuhlane ovamile. Uyisifo esibi kakhulu esingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu.
- Ukuthola umjovo womkhuhlane minyaka yonke kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela wena nabathandekayo bakho.
- Geza izandla zakho njalo ngensipho namanzi. Mboza umlomo nekhala lakho ngethishu noma ngendololwane yakho uma uthimula noma ukhwehlela.
- Uma ugula, qiniseka ukuthi uhlala ekhaya uphumule. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi ululame ngokushesha futhi kukuvimbele ekusabalaliseni lesi sifo kwabanye.
- Hlala uqaphele izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezinjengobunzima bokuphefumula kanye nobuhlungu besifuba.Uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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