Uyasaba yini ukuthola i-cataract? Konke mayelana nokuhlinzwa kwe-cataract ngamagama alula

Ingabe nawe uzizwa sengathi umbono wakho uya ngokuya ufiphala njengoba ukhula? Noma kunzima ukubona izibani uma ushayela ebusuku? Mhlawumbe amehlo akho aya 'iqhwa'. Ungakhathazeki, lokhu kwenzeka kubantu abaningi. Empeleni kuyingxenye nje yokuguga. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalokhu kuhlinzwa kwe-cataract, konke okudingeka ukwazi, kalula.

Kuyini ngempela ukuhlinzwa kwe-cataract?

Kalula nje, ukuhlinzwa kwe-cataract kuhilela ukususa ilensi yemvelo enamafu nenamafu esweni lakho bese uyishintsha ngelensi entsha, ecacile yokwenziwa.

Cabanga ngeso lakho njengekhamera enhle. Linelensi egxila ekukhanyeni futhi idale isithombe esicacile. Ilensi yemvelo emehlweni ethu yakhiwe kakhulu ngamanzi namaprotheni. Njengoba siguga, la maprotheni aqala ukuqhekeka futhi ahlangane. Yilapho ilensi iba namafu, iphuzi, noma, ngokunembile, 'inamafu'. Ukuguga kuyimbangela eyinhloko yalokhu. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izifo (isibonelo, isifo sikashukela), imithi ethile, ukulimala kwamehlo, kanye nokuhlinzwa kwamehlo kwangaphambilini nakho kungabangela ama-cataract.

Uma kuvela i-cataract, ingaphandle leso alikwazi ukungena kahle. Yingakho ubona izinto zingacacile, ubona indandatho ezungeze izibani ebusuku, futhi ngezinye izikhathi uzwa izimpawu ezifana nokubona ezindaweni ezimbili noma ezintathu .

Kulokhu kuhlinzwa, udokotela wamehlo (udokotela wamehlo) ususa ilensi enamafu bese eyishintsha ngelensi yokwenziwa ecacile. Lawa abizwa ngokuthi ama-Intraocular Lenses (ama-IOL) . Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-IOL. Amanye angenziwa ukuze abone kude, kanti amanye angenziwa ukuze abone eduze. Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukhethe i-IOL efanele iso lakho.

Esikhathini esiningi, ukubona kubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile ngemva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa. Lena inqubo esheshayo engaqedwa ngokushesha, engadingi ukuhlala esibhedlela, futhi ephola ngokushesha. Uma une-cataracts emehlweni womabili, udokotela uzokwenza ukuhlinzwa ngezikhathi ezimbili, ezihlukene ngeviki elilodwa kuya kwamabili.

Ingabe lokhu kuhlinzwa kubuhlungu?

Lokhu kuyinkinga kubantu abaningi. Eqinisweni, abantu abaningi abazizwa ubuhlungu obukhulu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa noma ngemva kwalokho. Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, uzonikezwa umuthi wokubulala izinzwa ukuze uqede amehlo akho. Ngakho ngeke uzwe lutho. Ngisho noma uzobe uphapheme, uzobona kuphela ukukhanya okunemibala ehlukene. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ungase uzizwe ungakhululekile, njengesihlabathi emehlweni akho. Lokhu kungelashwa ngomuthi olula wokuqeda izinhlungu.

Ubani ofuna ukuhlinzwa lokhu?

Uma ama-cataract akho ebangele ukuthi umbono wakho uphazamiseke kangangokuthi awukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, ungase udinge lokhu kuhlinzwa. Isibonelo:

• Uma unenkinga yokufunda iphephandaba noma incwadi.
• Uma wesaba ukushayela ebusuku.
• Uma kunzima ukubukela i-TV.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezinye izikhathi uma unezinye izimo zamehlo ( njengokuwohloka kwe-macular okuhlobene nobudala noma i-diabetic retinopathy ebangelwa isifo sikashukela), kungadingeka ukuthi iso lakho lihlolwe ukuze kutholakale ukuthi azikho lezo zimo. Uma une-cataract futhi ungakwazi ukubona kahle ngaphakathi kweso lakho, udokotela wakho angase akuncome lokhu kuhlinzwa ngaleso sikhathi.

Unquma kanjani ukuthi isikhathi esifanele sokuhlinzwa sini?

Ama-cataracts awayona into ephuthumayo yezokwelapha. Ngakho-ke akudingeki wesabe futhi uphuthume ukuya ohlinzweni ngokushesha nje lapho uthola ukuthi unama-cataracts. Ungakwenza lokhu ngesikhathi esikulungele.

Ezigabeni zokuqala, ungase ukwazi ukuthuthukisa umbono wakho ngokugqoka izibuko. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ama-cataract angaba mabi kakhulu. Uma umbono wakho ubuthakathaka kangangokuthi awukwazi ukwenza izinto ozithandayo noma umsebenzi wakho, yilapho okufanele ucabangele khona ukuhlinzwa. Khuluma nodokotela wakho wamehlo ngalokhu bese wenza isinqumo esingcono kakhulu.

Uzilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?

Ngaphambi kosuku lokuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho uzokuhlola amehlo ngokuphelele. Nakhu abazokwenza:

• Ihlola impilo yamehlo akho.
• Bazobona ukuthi zikhona yini izizathu zokungahlinzwa.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezingabangela ukuhlinzwa kube nzima.
• Amandla elensi yokwenziwa (i-IOL) ezofakwa esweni lakho azolinganiswa futhi anqunywe.
• Bazokutshela ukuthi yimaphi amaconsi okufanele uwafake ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.

Lesi isikhathi esihle sokukhuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho. Ungabuza izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Ziyini izingozi kimi ngenxa yalokhu kuhlinzwa?
• Yiziphi izinzuzo engizitholayo?
• Uhlobo luni lwe-IOL olungcono kakhulu kimi?
• Ingabe kuzodingeka ngigqoke izibuko ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
• Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa?
• Ngingaqhubeka nini nemisebenzi yami evamile?

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ngeke ukwazi ukushayela ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, ngakho hlela kusengaphambili ukuthi othile akulande akuyise ekhaya.

Kwenziwa kanjani lokhu kuhlinzwa?

Lena inqubo yokulaliswa esibhedlela engenziwa ngaphandle kokulaliswa esibhedlela. Izinyathelo zenqubo yilezi ezilandelayo:

1. Ukuqeda amehlo: Okokuqala, amehlo akho azophelelwa amandla ngamaconsi amehlo. Ungase futhi unikezwe imithi yokukusiza uphumule.

2. Ukwenza i-incision encane:Okulandelayo, udokotela usebenzisa i-laser noma i-blade ekhethekile ukwenza ukusika okuncane kakhulu ku-cornea. Lokhu kusika kuncane kakhulu kangangokuthi akudingeki ukuthi kuthungwe futhi.

3. Ukususwa kwe-cataract: Manje ilensi enamafu iphukile ibe yizicucu ezincane bese isuswa ngedivayisi yokumunca. Indlela evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kulokhu i- phacoemulsification . Kulokhu, ilensi ichotshozwa kusetshenziswa amaza e-ultrasound.

4. Ukufaka ilensi entsha: Okulandelayo, kufakwa ilensi entsha yangaphakathi kweso (i-IOL) esweni ngomsikelo omncane ofanayo. Le lensi kulula kakhulu ukuyifaka ngoba ingagoqwa. Uma isingaphakathi esweni, iyakhula ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ivaleleke endaweni yayo.

5. Isivikelo samehlo: Ekugcineni, kuzofakwa isivikelo samehlo sepulasitiki ukuvikela amehlo akho.

Inqubo yonke ivame ukuthatha imizuzu eyi-10 kuya kweyi-15 kuphela, kodwa ingathatha amahora amaningana, okuhlanganisa nesikhathi sokulungiselela kanye nesikhathi sokuphumula ngemva kwenqubo.

Kuzokwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzohlolwa cishe imizuzu eyi-15-30 ngaphambi kokuba uthunyelwe ekhaya. Umbono wakho uzoba lufifi ekuqaleni. Lokhu kuvamile. Umbono wakho uzophela kancane kancane ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezizayo. Ungase futhi ube nezimpawu zesikhashana ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuzizwa sengathi kukhona isihlabathi emehlweni.
• Ukubomvu kwamehlo.
• Amehlo anamanzi.

Ziyini izinzuzo zalokhu kuhlinzwa?

Lena yindlela kuphela yokususa ama-cataract nokuthuthukisa umbono wakho. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzokwenza okulandelayo:

• Umbono ocacile nocacile uyafezeka.
• Ukukhanya okubangelwa ukubuka izibani ebusuku kuyancipha.
• Imibala ibukeka ikhanya kakhulu .
• Abanye abantu banganciphisa nokuthembela kwabo ezingilazini.

Ziyini izingozi zokuhlinzwa?

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-cataract kuyindlela ephephile kakhulu nejwayelekile. Izinkinga azivamile uma zenziwa udokotela ohlinzayo onolwazi. Kodwa-ke, uma unezinye izimo zamehlo noma izinkinga zempilo, ingozi ingaba phezulu kancane. Ezinye zezingozi ezingaba khona zifaka:

• Ukopha noma ukuvuvukala ngaphakathi kweso.
• Ubuhlungu bamehlo obuqhubekayo.
• Ukufiphala noma ukulahlekelwa umbono.
• Ukunyakaza kwelensi yangaphakathi kweso efakwe (i-IOL).
• I-Posterior capsular opacification: Lokhu kuwukufiphala kamuva kwe-membrane encane ebamba ilensi yakho entsha endaweni yayo.
• Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-retinal : Kwenzeka kubantu abangaba ngu-2 kwabayi-1,000.
• Ukutheleleka: Kubikwa amacala angaphansi kwelilodwa kwayinkulungwane.

Eziningi zalezi zinkinga zingelashwa ngempumelelo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezingozi zakho ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ngokuphelele?

Ngokuvamile kuthatha cishe amasonto amane ukululama ngokuphelele, kodwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa uzoqala ukubona umehluko omkhulu ekuboneni kwakho. Akukho ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukungakhululeki phakathi nalesi sikhathi.

Njengoba udokotela esho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela ekhaya.

• Faka amaconsi amehlo ngesikhathi esifanele.
• Qaphela ukuthi ungafaki amanzi, insipho, noma i-shampoo emehlweni akho.
• Ungahlikihli noma ucindezele amehlo akho.
• Gqoka izibuko zelanga uma uphuma.
• Gqoka leso sivikelo samehlo uma ulele futhi ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho uyakutshela ukuthi wenze kanjalo.

Ngingashayela nini udokotela ucingo?

Kubalulekile ukwazi umehluko phakathi kokungakhululeki okuvamile nenkinga enkulu ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Bona umehluko phakathi kwezimo nezimpawu ezilandelayo.

Kujwayelekile ukuthi noma ubani abe nokwesaba okuncane uma kukhulunywa ngokuhlinzwa. Kodwa ukuhlinzwa kwe-cataract kuyinqubo ephumelele kakhulu eye yenziwa izigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele. Ngakho ungesabi. Xoxa ngayo yonke imibuzo yakho nokwesaba kwakho nodokotela wakho. Yenza lesi sinqumo ngalo lonke ulwazi oludingekayo kanye nokuthula kwengqondo.