Kuthiwani uma ikhemikhali ingena esikhumbeni sakho noma emehlweni akho? Ake sixoxe ngokusha kwamakhemikhali!

O, ngezinye izikhathi izingozi zingenzeka ngokungalindelekile, akunjalo? Ikakhulukazi lapho kwenziwa imisebenzi yasekhaya noma usebenza ngamakhemikhali emsebenzini, iphutha elincane lingabangela umonakalo omkhulu. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngengozi eyingozi kancane, kodwa evinjelwa kakhulu uma wazi. Lokho ukusha kwamakhemikhali , noma njengoba sisho ngesiNgisi `(Chemical Burns)`. Kalula nje, lokhu kuwukulimala kwezicubu zomzimba wakho ngenxa yamakhemikhali aqinile, aqothulayo. Lokhu kungenzeka hhayi esikhumbeni namehlo kuphela, kodwa futhi uma kungena emzimbeni.

Kuyini ngempela ukusha kwamakhemikhali?

Cabanga nje, uma ikhemikhali elibi lingena esikhumbeni sakho, emehlweni, noma ezicutshini ezibucayi emzimbeni wakho, lizoqala ukubhubhisa lezo zicubu. Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu kwenzeka uma uchitha ikhemikhali ngengozi emzimbeni wakho. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, amakhemikhali angagwinywa noma angene emzimbeni wakho ngezinye izindlela.

Lokhu kusha kwamakhemikhali kungasukela ekushiseni okuncane, okuncane kuya ekulimaleni okubi kakhulu, okusongela impilo. Ukusha okuncane kuzophola ngokushesha, kodwa ukusha okukhulu kungabangela ukulimala kwezicubu okungapheli, izibazi, ngisho nokufa. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa okusheshayo kokusha kwamakhemikhali kubalulekile.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yale ngozi?

Manje ungase ucabange, 'Lokhu akunakwenzeka kunoma ubani?' Yebo, kuyiqiniso. Noma ubani osebenza ngamakhemikhali usengozini. Isibonelo:

• Izisebenzi zokwakha
• Izisebenzi zasefektri
• Abalimi
• Ochwepheshe belebhu
• Ochwepheshe Bezimoto
• Abasebenzi bezempi
• Abaphangi

Laba bantu basengozini enkulu ngoba bahlangana namakhemikhali ahlukahlukene njalo. Kodwa-ke, kukhona into ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka siyicabangele sonke. Izingane ezincane, ikakhulukazi izingane ezincane, zingaba sengozini enkulu yamakhemikhali ekhaya. Cabanga nje uma zingathola insipho, i-bleach, noma isihlanzi sendlu yangasese bese ziyithinta, noma ziyifake emlonyeni wazo? Kuyesabeka ukucabanga ngakho, akunjalo? Yingakho kudingeka siqaphele kakhulu ngalokhu ekhaya.

Kungani kwenzeka lokhu kusha kwamakhemikhali? Ziyini izimbangela?

Kalula nje, uma ikhemikhali elibi lifika esikhumbeni sakho, emehlweni akho, noma ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho, liqala ukulimaza amangqamuzana akho. Lo monakalo ngezinye izikhathi ungabonakala njengesilonda esincane ebusweni besikhumba, kodwa ungathinta nezicubu ezingaphansi. Ukusha kwamakhemikhali kungaba yingozi kakhulu kunokusha kokushisa. Ubuwazi? Amanye amakhemikhali ayaqhubeka nokusebenza ngisho nangemva kokuba ethintene nesikhumba, "edla" izicubu.

Yiziphi izinto ezivame kakhulu ezibangela ukusha kwamakhemikhali?

Kunamakhemikhali angenakubalwa ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke, ekhaya nasemsebenzini esingaqapheli ngisho nokuthi angabangela lezi zingozi. Amanye awo yilawa:

• I-asidi yebhethri: Uyazi, izinto ezifana namabhethri emoto, amabhethri eloli, njll. Ngezinye izikhathi, amabhethri e-inverter asetshenziswa emakhaya nawo aqukethe le-asidi. Inamandla kakhulu futhi ingabangela ukusha okukhulu uma ingena esikhumbeni sakho.
• Impuphu/uketshezi lokuhlikihla: Siyisebenzisela ukuhlanza amakhaya ethu nokuwasha izingubo, akunjalo? Nalokhu kufanele kusetshenziswe ngokuqapha.
• Ama-detergent: Ama-detergent okuwasha izingubo, uketshezi. Ezinye zazo zingaba nzima.
• Izihlanzi Zokukhipha Amanzi: Lezi zinzima kakhulu. Uma zinzima ngokwanele ukuncibilikisa izinto ezibhajwe kusinki, ungacabanga ukuthi zizokwenzani esikhumbeni sakho.
• Izivundisi: Ezinye izivundisi ezisetshenziselwa ukulima kanye namasimu e-raddy zinzima.
• Iziphumuli zezinwele: Lezi zisetshenziswa ezindaweni zokucwala izinwele. Zingashisa isikhumba sakho uma zithintana naso.
• Izihlanzi Zensimbi kanye Nezisusa Ukugqwala: Zingatholakala emagaraji nasemashabhu.
• Izisusi Zopende:
• Izibulala-zinambuzane: Zisetshenziswa kwezolimo kanye nasemakhaya ukubulala izimbungulu namaphela. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokulimaza isikhumba, kodwa futhi nohlelo lokuphefumula.
• Ama-sanitizer kanye nama-Disinfectants: Lawa avame kakhulu kulezi zinsuku. Amanye ama-disinfectants anamandla angaba yingozi esikhumbeni uma esetshenziswa njalo.
• Amakhemikhali echibini lokubhukuda:
• Izihlanzi Zezitsha Zangasese: Lezi nazo zinzima kakhulu futhi kufanele zisetshenziswe ngokuqapha.
• Usimende omanzi: Uma usanda kufakwa, ungashisa isikhumba sakho uma uhlangana nawo. Abantu abaningi abazi ngalokhu.

Ziyini izimpawu zokusha kwamakhemikhali?

Manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu eziboniswa ukusha kwamakhemikhali okunje. Lokhu kuyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ukusha kwenzeke kuphi.

Izimpawu zokusha kwesikhumba:

Uma ikhemikhali ingena esikhumbeni sakho, izinto ezilandelayo zingenzeka:

• Amabhamuza noma amabhamuza
• Ukuqhekeka kwesikhumba, ukoma
• Ubuhlungu
• Ukuxebuka kwesikhumba
• Ububomvu
• Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba (kungaba mhlophe noma kube mnyama)
• Ukuvuvukala

Izimpawu zokusha kwamehlo:

Uma ikhemikhali ingena emehlweni akho, isimo siyingozi kakhulu. Bheka izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Umbono ofiphele
• Ukuvuvukala kwamehlo
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu
• Ukubomvu kwamehlo
• Ukusha, umuzwa wokuhlaba
• Izinyembezi ziyageleza
• Ubumpumputhe ezimweni ezinzima kakhuluKungenzeka ngisho.

Izimpawu zokungenisa (ukungenisa ngamakhemikhali):

Uma ikhemikhali igwinywa, kungaba ngengozi noma ngokungazi, izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Ukukhwehlela
• Ubunzima bokukhuluma (`Dysphonia`)
• Ukuvuza amathe
• Ukusha kwezwi
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi (i-Hypotension)
• Ukucasuka nokuhlanza, mhlawumbe ukuhlanza igazi
• Ubuhlungu emlonyeni noma emphinjeni (ikakhulukazi uma ugwinya)
• Ukubhoboka esiswini, umphimbo (ipayipi elithwala ukudla kusuka emphinjeni kuya esiswini), noma i-cornea (ilensi yangaphambili yeso).
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea)
• Ukuvuvukala kwendlela yokuphefumula ephezulu (`i-Edema`)

Okubalulekile: Uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, hamba esibhedlela ngokushesha! Ungachithi isikhathi.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?

Uma uya esibhedlela, udokotela uvame ukubheka ukusha bese enquma ubukhulu nokujula kwako. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma ikhemikhali ingene emzimbeni, kudingeka ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukugwinya amakhemikhali kungathinta ukusebenza kwezitho zakho zangaphakathi. Ungamunca namakhemikhali emzimbeni wakho ngesikhumba noma amehlo akho. Ngakho udokotela wakho angayala ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (`Inani Eliphelele Legazi (CBC)`) kanye nokuhlolwa kokuhlola ukusebenza kwezinso zakho, isibindi, kanye namaphaphu.
• I-Endoscopy: Uma ugwinye ikhemikhali, lokhu kuhlolwa kungenziwa. Kulesi sivivinyo, kufakwa ithubhu elincane, eliguquguqukayo (i-endoscope) elinekhamera enamathiselwe ngomlomo bese kuhlolwa umphimbo, umphimbo, kanye nesisu. Lokhu kungasiza ekuhloleni noma yimuphi umonakalo obangelwe ukusha.
• Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo: Udokotela wamehlo noma udokotela wamehlo uzohlola iso ukuze abone ukuthi liyasha yini. Bazoqala bahlanze iso kahle ngamanzi bese behlola ukuthi alinawo yini umonakalo ekuboneni kwakho kanye nokujula kokusha. Bangase bafake nedayi ekhethekile esweni ukuze basize ekuboneni izindawo ezinomonakalo.
• Izithombe: I-X-ray yesifuba noma i-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scan) ingenziwa ukuze kubhekwe umonakalo wangaphakathi ngenxa yokugwinya ikhemikhali, ikakhulukazi ukubhoboka komphimbo noma esiswini.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma usha ngamakhemikhali ngokuzumayo? Thola ukwelashwa ngokushesha!

Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Kunezinto ezimbalwa okudingeka uzenze ngokushesha ngemva kokusha kwamakhemikhali. Ungesabi, kodwa yenza lezi zinto ngokushesha.

1. Shayela isevisi ye-ambulensi ephuthumayo (eSri Lanka, 1990). Bese wenza okulandelayo:

2. Ukususa izingubo:Qiniseka ukuthi ugqoka amagilavu ​​​​okuzivikela. Susa ngokucophelela noma yiziphi izingubo ezingcoliswe ngamakhemikhali usebenzisa isikelo. Ungavumeli izingubo zithintane nezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

3. Ukususa Amakhemikhali: Ngesikhathi usagqoke amagilavu, uma kukhona impuphu yamakhemikhali eyomile, yisuse ngobumnene, kunokuba uyihlikihle. Ukuyihlikihla kungasakazekela kwezinye izindawo zesikhumba.

4. Hlanza ngamanzi: Hlanza isikhumba noma amehlo ashile kahle ngamanzi abandayo. Qhubeka uhlanza okungenani imizuzu engama-30, njengoba amakhemikhali angaqhubeka nokulimaza isikhumba ngisho nangemva kokusetshenziswa kwawo. Uma uhlanza, qaphela ukuthi ungavumeli amanzi angcolile angene kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Inothi Elikhethekile: Kunamakhemikhali athile okungafanele agezwe ngamanzi. Isibonelo, i-carbolic acid (`Phenol`), i-sulfuric acid (`Sulfuric Acid`), impuphu eyomile, kanye nezinye izinto zensimbi. Uma unokungabaza nganoma yini efana nale, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

5. Phuza amanzi: Uma kugwinywe ikhemikhali, yinike amanzi ukuze uyinciphise esiswini. Unganiki lutho oluzobangela ukuhlanza. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukuhlanza kungabangela umonakalo owengeziwe uma ikhemikhali ibuya emphinjeni.

Bese uya esibhedlela ngokushesha. Kungcono ukuya esikhungweni esikhethekile sokusha (“iSikhungo Sokushisa”) uma ungakwazi. Ngisho noma uya emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela esivamile, bazokudlulisela esikhungweni sokusha uma kudingeka.

Kwenzekani uma uya esibhedlela?

Ngemva kokuya esibhedlela, odokotela nabahlengikazi bazokunakekela kahle. Into yokuqala abazoyenza yile:

• Hlola ubukhulu bokusha kwakho.
• Qhubeka ugeza indawo eshile.
• Uma ubuhlungu, nikeza imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu .
• Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukutheleleka, ama-antibiotic anikezwa njengokhilimu esikhumbeni noma afakwe emthanjeni.
• Ukufaka ibhandeji elomile noma ibhandishi ekushiseni okuncane noma okuphakathi.

Uma ukusha kukhulu, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isikhumba esishile. Abanye abantu bangadinga ukufakelwa isikhumba . Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isikhumba kwenye indawo enempilo yomzimba bese usifaka endaweni eshile. Kungase kudingeke nokuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe izinto ezifana nokubhoboka kwendlela yokugaya ukudla.

Ingabe lokhu kusha kwamakhemikhali akukwazi ukuvinjelwa?

Kukhona isisho esithi, 'Ukuvimbela kungcono kunokwelapha,' akunjalo? Ngakho-ke kunezinto esingazenza ukuze sizivikele kulokhu kusha kwamakhemikhali. Kulula kakhulu, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu:

• Uma kungenzeka, sebenzisa ezinye izindlela ezingaqinile kakhulu neziphephile esikhundleni samakhemikhali aqinile .
• Gcina amakhemikhali ezitsheni ezifanayo eziphephile angene kuzo. Ungawadluliseli kwamanye amabhodlela, ngoba ungase ukhohlwe okukuwo.
• Uyasebenza.Yazi kahle ukuthi ayini amakhemikhali nokuthi yiziphi izingozi azibangelayo.
• Gcina amakhemikhali endaweni ephephile, ikakhulukazi lapho izingane ezincane zingafinyeleli khona. Phezulu, njengasekhabetheni elikhiyiwe.
• Uma usebenza ngamakhemikhali , qiniseka ukuthi ugqoka izingubo zokuzivikela noma imishini efana namagilavu, izibuko zokuzivikela, kanye nezifihla-buso.

Ingabe kungaba nemiphumela emibi ngisho nangemva kokululama? (Outlook)

Ukusha okuncane kwamakhemikhali kuyaphola ngaphandle kokushiya noma yiziphi izibazi ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, uma ukusha kukubi kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi kungadala imiphumela yesikhathi eside. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wesikhumba, wesisu, noma womhubhe.
• Ukugoba komlomo wesibeletho - kungase kubangelwe yizibazi.
• Ukubhoboka esiswini, emhubheni, noma enkomeni yeso.
• Kusasele amanxeba .
• Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba.
• Ukulahlekelwa umbono.

Izinto ezinjengalezi azenzeki kuwo wonke umuntu, kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi le ngozi ikhona uma kwenzeka ukusha okukhulu.

Kunini lapho ngidinga ukubona udokotela futhi?

Ngisho noma ukusha sekuqalile ukuphola, kunezikhathi lapho kungadingeka ukuthi ubonane nodokotela futhi. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha. Isibonelo:

• Uma kukhona ubuhlungu obukhulu ngenxa yokusha.
• Uma kuvela ubomvu obuphuzi noma obuluhlaza okotshani enxebeni.
• Uma ukusha kubonakala sengathi kuya kuba kubi kakhulu .
• Uma ubona izimpawu zokutheleleka (ubomvu, ukuvuvukala, ukufudumala, ubuhlungu obandayo).

Imibuzo ebalulekile okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho

Uma uya kudokotela, ungakhohlwa ukubuza imibuzo efana nalena ukuze uqonde kangcono isimo.

• Yiziphi izinkinga zesikhathi eside ezingavela ngenxa yalokhu kusha kwamakhemikhali?
• Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukuze nginciphise ingozi yokutheleleka kanye nezibazi ngenkathi ukusha kuphola?
• Kubi kangakanani lokhu kusha?
• Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukuze nginciphise ingozi yokushiswa ngamakhemikhali kanje esikhathini esizayo?

Okokugcina, okufanele ukukhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngakho-ke, cishe usuyaqonda manje ukuthi ukushiswa ngamakhemikhali akuyona into okufanele ithathwe kalula. Iphutha elincane lingabangela umonakalo omkhulu. Kufanele uqaphele kakhulu lapho usebenza ngamakhemikhali, ikakhulukazi ekhaya. Ngisho nasekhaya, gcina izinto zokuhlanza kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane kude nezingane ezincane.

Khumbula, uma ushiswe ngamakhemikhali, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukungesabi, kodwa ukunikeza usizo lokuqala ngokushesha bese ufika esibhedlela ngokushesha. Ngokungafani nokushiswa okuvamile, ukushiswa ngamakhemikhali kungaqhubeka nokulimaza isikhumba ngisho nangemva kokuba sekufakiwe. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa okusheshayo kubalulekile.

Ngithandazela ukuthi wena nomndeni wakho nivikeleke ezingozini ezinjalo!

Ukusha kwamakhemikhali , ukusha kwesikhumba, ukusha kwamehlo, amakhemikhali anobuthi, usizo lokuqala, izimpawu zokusha, ukwelashwa kokusha