Njengomzali, kuvamile ukuthi uzizwe ukhathazekile kakhulu futhi wesaba uma ubona uqhekeko oluncane endebeni engenhla yosana lwakho noma uqhekeko ophahleni lomlomo. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, lesi yisimo esingalungiswa ngempumelelo. Kwisayensi yezokwelapha, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `(isifo sokuzalwa)`, okusho ukuthi kwenzeka ngesikhathi umntwana esesesibelethweni sikanina. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngakho konke ngamagama alula.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-cleft lip kanye ne-cleft palate?
Ukuze sikuqonde kahle lokhu, ake sibheke lezi ezimbili ngokwehlukana.
- I-Cleft Lip: Cabanga nje, lesi simo senzeka lapho izingxenye ezimbili okufanele zakhe udebe olungaphezulu zingaxhumani kahle ngenkathi umntwana ekhula esibelethweni. Kufana nje nokuqhekeka okuncane kodebe oluphezulu. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kuqhekeka kungaba kuncane, ngezinye izikhathi kungasakazekela ezinsinini, ngisho nasekhaleni.
- Umlomo Oqhekekile: Lokhu kuyisikhala engxenyeni ephezulu yomlomo womntwana, okuyilokho esikubiza ngokuthi "umlomo." Lokhu kungaba yingxenye eqinile yomlomo ngaphambili (umlomo oqinile) noma ingxenye ethambile ngemuva (umlomo othambile).
Ngokuvamile, zombili lezi zimo zibonakala ndawonye, kodwa ezinye izingane zingase zibe nomlomo oqhekekile noma ulwanga oluqhekekile kuphela.
Kwenzekani ngempela ngalezi zihlinzeko?
Umgomo oyinhloko walezi zinqubo zombili ukuvuselela ukusebenza kanye nokubukeka kwezindebe nomlomo wengane, njengoba lezi zimfa zingadala ezinye izinkinga zempilo.
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kusiza kakhulu ikhono lomntwana lokudla, ukuphuza, ukuphefumula, ukuzwa nokukhuluma.
Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela lokhu kuhlinzwa okubili.
- Ukulungiswa Kwezindebe Eziqhekekile: Lapha, udokotela ohlinzayo wenza imivimbo emincane kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zomgede, axhumanise kabusha imisipha nesikhumba somlomo ongaphezulu, bese ezithunga ndawonye. Lokhu kulungisa ukuma komlomo nekhala.
- Ukulungiswa Kwe-Cleft Palate: Lokhu kuhilela ukubumba kabusha izicubu kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zolwanga, ukuziletha phakathi nendawo ukuze kuvalwe i-cleft, bese uzithunga ndawonye.
Lo kuhlinzwa kwenziwa enganeni eneminyaka emingaki?
Isikhathi salokhu kuhlinzwa sibaluleke kakhulu.
- Ukuhlinzwa kwezindebe eziqhekekile: Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa lapho umntwana ephakathi kwezinyanga ezi-3 nezi-6 ubudala . Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuthayipha izindebe noma ukubumba i-nasoalveolar (NAM) kungasetshenziswa ukusiza ekubekeni izicubu zezindebe nolwanga ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukuhlinzwa komlomo oqhekekile: Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngaphambi kokuba umntwana aqale ukukhuluma, okuyiminyaka engaba yizinyanga ezingu-12.Uma ingane nayo inomlomo oqhekekile, lokho kuhlinzwa kuyinto yokuqala okufanele yenziwe. Ngezinye izikhathi kungadingeka ukuhlinzwa okungaphezu kokukodwa ukuze kulungiswe ngokuphelele ulwelwesi oluqhekekile. Ukuhlinzwa okubandakanya izinsini noma umhlathi kungase kuhlehliswe kuze kube yilapho ingane ineminyaka engaba yi-10 ubudala.
Yini okudingeka uyazi ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Awuwedwa kulolu hambo. Ithimba lodokotela abahlinzayo, abelaphi bokukhuluma, odokotela bamazinyo kanye nodokotela bamazinyo bakhona ukusiza ingane yakho.
Cishe isonto ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho wezingane uzohlola ingane yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iphilile ngokwanele ukuhlinzwa. Angase futhi akucele ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha imithi ethile ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi isisu somntwana kufanele sibe singenalutho ngosuku lokuhlinzwa. Lokho kungokwe-anesthesia. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela ngqo. Lena eminye yemiyalelo evame ukunikezwa.
| Uhlobo lokudla/lokuphuza | Isikhathi esincane sokuma ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa |
|---|---|
| Ukudla okuqinile, ubisi lwefomula, ubisi lwenkomo | Yeka amahora ayi-6 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. |
| Ubisi lwebele | Ngokuvamile kuvunyelwe kuze kube amahora ama-4 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. |
| Uketshezi olucacile (amanzi, ijusi le-apula) | Imvume inikezwa kuze kube amahora amathathu ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. |
Khuluma nodokotela nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho bese ususa ukungabaza kwakho.
Yini engizobhekana nayo ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Kujwayelekile ukuthi ingane igule kancane futhi iphatheke kabi ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa komlomo oqhekekile
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, umntwana uzonikezwa izinti ezithambile ukuze amvimbe ekufakeni izandla emlonyeni wakhe. Lokhu kungaba yinto engakhululekile kancane enganeni. Umntwana uzokwazi ukuqala ukuncelisa ngemva kwesikhashana. Kodwa-ke, kungase kube nzima kancane ekuqaleni, ngakho-ke uketshezi luzonikezwa nge-saline `(IV)`.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-cleft palate
Ingane kuzodingeka ihlale esibhedlela usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ingane inganikwa uketshezi oluvela enkomishini kuphela. Ungasebenzisi izipuni noma utshani nganoma yisiphi isizathu. Izithungo emlonyeni zizohlala amasonto ambalwa, kodwa yizo ezincibilikayo. Ukopha okuncane nokuvuvukala emlonyeni nasekhaleni kuyinto evamile.
Unakekela kanjani umntwana ngemva kokufika ekhaya?
Ukunaka kwakho kubaluleke kakhulu uma usufikile ekhaya. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela ngqo.
| Amathiphu okunakekela ingane yakho ekhaya | |
|---|---|
| Ngemva Kokuhlinzwa Kwezindebe Ezicwebezelayo | |
| Ukudla neziphuzo | Nika ingane ukudla okuxutshwe ngamanzi asuka enkomishini. Ungasebenzisi utshani. Ungadinga ibhodlela noma isirinji esikhethekile ukuze unikeze ubisi. Buza udokotela wakho ngokudla ngezipuni. |
| Ukunakekelwa kwenxeba | Hlanza indawo ezungeze indawo eboshiwe ngamanzi afudumele bese uyigcina yomile. Izitishi zizoncibilika emavikini angu-1-2. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuzosala isibazi esipinki/esibomvu. Faka ukhilimu onconywe udokotela wakho. Faka isithambisi selanga esilondeni njalo uma uphuma elangeni. |
| Ngemva Kokuhlinzwa Kwe-Cleft Palate | |
| Ukudla neziphuzo | Amasonto ambalwa, nikeza uketshezi oluvela enkomishini kuphela . Unganiki lutho oluqinile noma oluhlafunwayo. Nikeza ukudla okucoliwe nokuthambile. Buza nodokotela wakho ngokuphakela ngezipuni. |
| Ubuhlungu nokuphulukiswa | Uzonikezwa imithi yokwelapha izinhlungu kanye ne-antibiotic ukuvimbela ukutheleleka. Umlomo wengane yakho ungase uvuvuke amasonto ambalwa, futhi ungase ube nekhala eligobhozayo kanye nokuhona. Lokhu kuvamile. |
Kungaphansi kwaziphi izimo lapho uzodinga ukubona udokotela ngokuzumayo?
Uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha .
- Umkhuhlane ongaphezu kwama-degrees Fahrenheit angu-101.4 (38.55 Celsius) ongancishiswa ngemithi.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma isikhumba esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/esikhanyayo.
- Ukopha ngokweqile emlonyeni noma ekhaleni (umhluzi opinki noma amathe kuyinto evamile).
- Izimpawu zokutheleleka , njengokuphuma kobomvu esilondeni.
- Izimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni - ukulahlekelwa izinyembezi uma ukhala, amehlo atshonile, umlomo owomile, ukungachami okungenani amahora ayisithupha.
- Ukubomvu okukhulu noma ukuvuvukala okuzungeze indawo yokusikwa.
- Uma izithungo zikhululekile noma ukusikwa kuvuliwe.
Uma kufanele uye esibhedlela kulesi simo, thatha umntwana uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela esiseduze.
Kungathatha cishe amasonto amane ukululama ngokuphelele ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Uthando lwakho nothando lwakho kubaluleke kakhulu enganeni yakho ngalesi sikhathi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Cleft lip kanye ne-cleft palate yizifo ezivame ukubonakala ezinganeni. Ungakhathazeki ngalokhu.
- Ukuhlinzwa kokulungisa lesi simo kuphumelele kakhulu.
- Kubalulekile ukuze umntwana alulame ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngokucophelela ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Uthando lwakho, ukunakekelwa, kanye nokubekezela kwakho kuyimithombo emihle yamandla enganeni phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
- Ngemva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa, izingane eziningi ziphila impilo enempilo nejwayelekile ngaphandle kwezinkinga zesikhathi eside.
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