Umama noma ubaba angazizwa kanjani uma bebheka ngothando isandla esincane somntwana wabo osanda kuzalwa bese bebona umehluko omncane kuso? Kungaba yinto eshaqisayo, edabukisayo, ngisho nentukuthelo. Kuvamile ukuzibuza, 'Kungani lokhu kwenzeke enganeni yethu?' Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Namuhla sikhuluma ngalezi zinhlobo zezandla zokuzalwa. Sithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luzokududuza.
Uyini umehluko wesandla sokuzalwa?
Kalula nje, lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuma kwesandla somntwana wakho kuhlukile kancane esimweni sesandla esivamile. Igama elithi "congenital" lisho "ukuba khona lapho ezalwa." Lokhu kusho ukuthi lo mehluko uvela ngesikhathi umntwana esakhula esibelethweni.
Kuvamile ngabazali ukuzizwa bedabukile, bethukuthele, futhi benecala uma bebona into efana nale. Ungase uzibuze, "Ingabe kukhona okungahambanga kahle kimi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?" Ungase uthukuthele nokuthi ngisho nodokotela bebengakwazi lokhu ngaphambilini.
Kodwa empeleni akulona iphutha lomuntu. Iningi lalezi zimo azizuzwa njengefa. Futhi azinakugwenywa. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nama-scan awakwazi ukuzithola. Ngakho-ke, sicela ungazibeki icala.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zalezi zinguquko?
Ukukhubazeka kwesandla okuzelwe nakho kungahlukaniswa ngezigaba eziningana eziyinhloko. Uma kuhlukaniswa ngale ndlela, kulula kakhulu ukuqonda lesi simo.
| Indlela izinguquko ezenzeka ngayo | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Izinkinga zokwakha isandla sonke noma izingxenye zesandla | Ukwehluleka ukukhula kahle engxenyeni noma kuso sonke isandla. |
| Izinkinga zokuhlukaniswa kwezandla | Iminwe ihlangene futhi inamathelene. |
| Iminwe noma izithupha ezengeziwe | Ukuba neminwe eminingi kunejwayelekile esandleni. |
| Ukungathuthuki kahle noma ukukhula ngokweqile kwesandla noma iminwe | Usayizi wesandla, iminwe, noma isithupha mncane noma mkhulu kunokuvamile. |
Izinhlobo ezithile ezivame ukubonakala
Manje ake sixoxe ngezinye zezimo ezithile ezivame kakhulu eziwela ngaphansi kwalezi zigaba eziyinhloko.
Iminwe inamathelana (nge-Syndactyly)
Lokhu ukukhubazeka kwesandla okuvamile kakhulu kokuzalwa. NgesiGreki, elithi "syn" lisho "ndawonye" kanti elithi "daktylos" lisho "umunwe." Kalula nje, lokhu kwenzeka lapho iminwe yengane inamathelana. Ngezinye izikhathi, isikhumba esiphakathi kweminwe emibili kuphela esixhumene. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi isimo 'esilula'. Ngezinye izikhathi, amathambo, imizwa, kanye nemithambo yegazi eminweni nakho kuxhumene. Lesi isimo 'esiyinkimbinkimbi'.
Ukuba neminwe eyengeziwe (i-Polydactyly)
Igama elithi "Poly" lisho "eziningi." Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane ineminwe engaphezu kwemihlanu esandleni sayo. Lo munwe owengeziwe ungaxhunywa kuphela yisikhumba noma imizwa. Ngezinye izikhathi, ungase ube nezingxenye ezifana nomunwe ojwayelekile noma uxhunyelelwe ethanjeni elengeziwe esandleni.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalokhu futhi:
- I-Ulnar Polydactyly: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Lapha, inombolo eyengeziwe ikhula ohlangothini lomunwe omncane, uhlangothi oluxhumanisa nethambo elikhulu lamathambo amabili esandleni sethu, ithambo elithi `(ulna)`.
- I-Radial Polydactyly: Kulokhu, idijithi eyengeziwe ikhula ohlangothini lwesithupha. Okusho ukuthi, ohlangothini lwethambo `(i-radius)`. Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nezithupha eziningi esandleni esisodwa.
Isandla Seklabhu Ye-Radial
Kulesi simo, ukukhula kohlangothi lwesithupha sesandla, okungukuthi, ithambo elithi `(radius)`, kuyakhubazeka. Ngenxa yalokho, ingxenye engezansi yesandla iba mfushane, igobe ngaphakathi, bese ithatha isimo esifana nohlamvu "J". Isithupha singase sibe sincane kakhulu noma singabi khona nhlobo. Isandla esifushane singenza kube nzima ngengane ukwenza imisebenzi ngezandla zombili.
Isandla Esicacile
Lokhu kwenzeka lapho omunye noma ngaphezulu kweminwe ephakathi yesandla somntwana engekho. Lokhu kubangela igebe elifana no-"V", noma ukuqhekeka, entendeni yesandla. Lesi simo ngezinye izikhathi sihambisana nezinye izimo ezifana ne-syndactyly noma i-polydactyly.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu?
Izandla neminwe yengane kukhula phakathi kwamasonto amane nesithupha okukhulelwa. Noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka phakathi nalesi sikhathi esibucayi kakhulu kungabangela lezi zinguquko. Kunezici ezimbili eziyinhloko ezithinta lokhu.
Izici zofuzo
Izakhi zofuzo zinikeza imiyalelo yokukhula nokusebenza kweseli ngalinye emzimbeni wethu. Lezi zakhi zofuzo zidluliselwa kusuka kubazali kuya ezinganeni. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zakhi zofuzo zingashintsha (ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo) ngokuzenzekelayo. Uma kwenzeka izinguquko zesandla, lezi zinguquko zezakhi zofuzo zivame ukwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. Azivamile kakhulu futhi zidluliselwa kusuka esizukulwaneni kuya kwesinye.
Izici zemvelo
Lokhu kungathinteka yizifo ezithile umama azitholayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nemithi ethile ayithathayo. Isibonelo, umuthi wokulwa nesicanucanu i-thalidomide kanye neminye imithi yamakhemikhali yomdlavuza. Lezi zinto zingalimaza izicubu ezikhula kahle futhi zishintshe inqubo yokukhula.
Nakuba ezinye izinguquko zesandla zingachazwa yilezi zici, ezimweni eziningi azikho imbangela ethile engatholakala.
Ingabe zikhona izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yalesi simo?
Kuye ngohlobo kanye nobunzima bokukhubazeka kwesandla, ezinye izingane zingazivumelanisa nakho futhi zisebenze ngaphandle kobunzima. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izingane zingase zibhekane nobunzima obuthile uma zingalashwa.
- Ukulibaziseka kokukhula.
- Ubunzima bokwenza umsebenzi wakho kanye nokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke.
- Imikhawulo yokuhlanganyela kweminye imidlalo neminye imisebenzi.
- Izinkinga zengqondo nezenhlalo (imizwa yokuhlukaniswa nabanye, ukuzizwa unamahloni, njll.).
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezikhona?
Ngenxa yokuthi ingane ngayinye ihlukile, ukwelashwa kunqunywa ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zengane. Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa ukwandisa inani lomsebenzi ingane engayenza ngaleso sandla nokwenza impilo yansuku zonke ibe lula. Omunye umgomo ukusiza ingane yakhe ukuzethemba ngokuthuthukisa ukubukeka kwesandla ngezinga elithile.
| Indlela yokwelapha | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukunweba | Ukuzivocavoca okuthambile ukuthuthukisa ukunyakaza kwamalunga nemisipha. |
| Ukuphotha noma ukuphonsa | Amadivayisi asetshenziselwa ukubamba isandla endaweni efanele nokugcina ubambekile. |
| Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba | Ukuzivocavoca okukhethekile kanye nokwelashwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla nokusebenza kwezandla. |
| Izinto zokufakelwa | Amadivayisi okuqinisa angaphandle okungabikho kwengxenye noma ithambo esandleni. |
| Ukuhlinzwa | Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ukuze kuhlukaniswe iminwe ehlanganisiwe, kususwe iminwe eyengeziwe, futhi kuthuthukiswe ukuma nokusebenza kwesandla. |
Isibonelo, uma kwenzeka i-syndactyly, iminwe ivame ukuhlukaniswa ngokuhlinzwa. Uma kwenzeka i-polydactyly, umunwe uyasuswa ngokuhlinzwa bese umunwe osele uxhunywa kabusha.
Khumbula, ukwelashwa akukwazi 'ukukwelapha' ngokuphelele lolu shintsho. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kanye nokubukeka kwesandla kungathuthukiswa kakhulu. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi wena nomntanakho namukele lolu shintsho ngendlela enhle. Yilokho amandla amakhulu ukuze ukwelashwa kuphumelele.
Njengomzali, ungayisiza kanjani ingane yakho?
Njengomzali wengane enalesi simo, kunezinto eziningi ongazenza. Ukusekela kwakho kubaluleke kakhulu enganeni yakho.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho: Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngazo zonke izinto ezikukhathazayo nokwesaba kwakho. Ungafihli lutho kuwe.
- Buza ngamaqembu okusekela: Buza udokotela wakho ngamaqembu okusekela nabanye abazali nezingane abaye baba nokuhlangenwe nakho okufanayo. Ukukhuluma nabantu abanjalo kungaba umthombo omkhulu wamandla kuwe nakumntanakho.
- Khuthaza ingane yakho: Njengoba ingane yakho ikhula, yisize iqonde ukuthi ihlukile. Mtshele ukuthi akulona iphutha layo nokuthi kunezinto eziningi engazenza ngakho.
Imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho
Uma uvakashela udokotela wakho, ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:
- Hlobo luni lokukhubazeka kwesandla ingane yami enalo?
- Iyiphi indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu oyincomayo?
- Ingabe ingane yami izokwazi ukwenza imisebenzi evamile njengabanye abantwana?
- Ngingamsiza kanjani ingane yami ukuthi ivumelane nalolu shintsho?
Izingane zijwayelana nalezi zinto ngokushesha kunalokho ocabanga. Umhlaba wazo uyamangalisa kakhulu. Uthando lwakho, ukwesekwa kwakho, kanye nesimo sakho sengqondo esihle kuyimithi engcono kakhulu ingane engayithola.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Akulona iphutha lakho ukuthi ingane yakho izalwe inokukhubazeka kwesandla. Ungazizwa unecala ngakho.
- Eziningi zalezi zimo azizuzisi noma azinakugwenywa.
- Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kanye nokubukeka kwesandla.
- Izingane zijwayelana nalezi zinguquko ngokushesha okukhulu. Ziyakwazi ukumelana nezimo ezinzima kakhulu.
- Isimo sakho sengqondo esihle nothando kubalulekile ekukhuleni okunempilo kwengane yakho.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka onakho.
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