Uma isigqi senhliziyo yakho siphazamisekile, okungukuthi, i-Atrial Fibrillation (Afib), isifo sesigqi senhliziyo, siqhubeka naphezu kokuthatha imithi nezinye izindlela zokwelapha, ungase uzizwe sengathi asikho ikhambi elihlala njalo lalokhu? Ngezinye izikhathi lesi simo singakwenza uzizwe ukhathazekile kakhulu. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi yezokwelapha, manje kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu zalezi zimo. Yilabo bantu esikhuluma ngabo ngqo ngale ndlela entsha yokwelapha namuhla.
Iyini le Nqubo Yokuguqula?
Kalula nje, lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yezindlela zokwelapha ezimbili. Okusho ukuthi, ukuhlinzwa okuncane kanye nokwelashwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-catheter ablation . Lokhu sikubiza nangokuthi ukwelashwa okuxubile.
Cabanga ngakho, inhliziyo yethu inesimiso sesignali kagesi. Yilokhu okugcina inhliziyo ishaya kahle. E-Afib, lezi zibonakaliso ziyaphazamiseka, futhi amakamelo aphezulu (i-atria) yenhliziyo athumela izimpawu ezisheshayo nezingavamile. Enqubweni ehambisanayo, odokotela abahlinzayo nodokotela benhliziyo basebenzisana ukwenza imivimbo emincane kakhulu ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwenhliziyo yakho lapho lezi zimpawu ezingavamile zivela khona. Lezi zimbombo zivimba izimpawu zikagesi ezingavamile ukuba zingahambi. Kufana nokuvala umgwaqo ongalungile bese uthumela izimoto emuva emgwaqweni ofanele.
Ubani lokwelashwa okufanelekela kakhulu?
Lokhu kwelashwa akulona okwawo wonke umuntu. Kunconywa kakhulu ku:
- Kulabo abane- Afib eqhubekayo .
- Kulabo abanezigameko ze-Afib eziphindaphindayo naphezu kokuthatha imithi futhi bethola ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kokukhipha i-catheter.
Uma unesifo esifanayo, ungakhuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze unqume ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kukufanele yini.
Uzilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kukhona ukulungiselela okuncane okuhilelekile.
- Ama-blood thinner (ama-anticoagulant): Uma uthatha le mithi, kuzodingeka uyiyeke ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi zingaki izinsuku kusengaphambili nokuthi yimiphi imithi okufanele uyeke. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi yakho ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
- Ukuzila Ukudla: Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, uzocelwa ukuthi uyeke ukudla nokuphuza isikhathi esithile (ukuzila ukudla). Udokotela wakho uzokwazisa ngalesi sikhathi.
Ngezinye izikhathi zombili izingxenye zalokhu kwelashwa zenziwa ngosuku olufanayo. Ngezinye izikhathi zenziwa cishe ngemva kwamasonto amane. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokuchazela lokhu.
Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa kanjani?
Lokhu kwelashwa kuqukethe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko. Ake sibheke ukuthi kwenzekani engxenyeni ngayinye.
| Ingxenye yokwelashwa | Okwenzekayo kulula. |
|---|---|
| Ingxenye Yokuqala: Ukuhlinzwa (Ukwelashwa Kwenhliziyo Ngaphandle) | Ngemva kokuba usuhlinzwe ngokuphelele, udokotela ohlinza inhliziyo wenza ukusika okuncane kakhulu, cishe amasentimitha angu-3-4 ngaphansi kwethambo lesifuba sakho (sternum). Bese, ulwelwesi oluncane oluzungeze inhliziyo (pericardium) luyasikwa bese kufakwa ikhamera (endoscope). Bese, kusetshenziswa ithubhu ekhethekile eqhuba amandla (catheter) ukwelapha (ukususa) izindawo ezingaphandle kwenhliziyo ezikhiqiza izimpawu zikagesi ezingavamile. Le ngxenye ithatha cishe ihora nesigamu. |
| Ingxenye Yesibili: Ukususwa Kwe-Catheter (Ukwelashwa Okuvela Ngaphakathi Kwenhliziyo) | Le ngxenye ivame ukwenziwa ngosuku oluhlukile, ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa. Lapha, udokotela wenhliziyo (i-electrophysiologist) ufaka i-catheter enhliziyweni yakho ngomthambo osesinqeni sakho. Ube eselapha ingaphakathi lenhliziyo yakho , ezindaweni okwakunzima ukufinyelela kuzo ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwangaphambilini. Uzonikezwa i-anesthesia elula noma ejwayelekile phakathi nale nqubo. |
Kuyini i-Convergent Plus?
Ngezinye izikhathi, ngesikhathi esifanayo nalokhu kuhlinzwa, odokotela benza okunye ukunciphisa ingozi yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi. Okusho ukuthi, bavala ingxenye encane ye-atrium yangakwesobunxele yenhliziyo (i-atrial appendage yangakwesobunxele). Uma lezi zinyathelo ezengeziwe zengezwa, sikubiza ngokuthi inqubo ethi "Convergent Plus".
Ziyini izinzuzo zalokhu kwelashwa?
Kunezinzuzo eziningana ezithile zale ndlela yokwelapha:
- Izinga lempumelelo eliphezulu: Lokhu kuphumelela kakhulu kunokwelashwa okuvamile kokukhipha i-catheter ngoba kwelapha kokubili ingaphakathi nengaphandle kwenhliziyo.
- Ingozi ephansi:Phakathi nalokhu kuhlinzwa, odokotela bangayibona kahle i-esophagus, etholakala ngemuva kwenhliziyo, ngakho-ke ingozi yokuyilimaza iphansi kakhulu.
- Akuyona ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile: Lokhu akudingi ukuthi inhliziyo yakho imiswe bese uyixhuma emshinini wenhliziyo namaphaphu (i-cardiopulmonary bypass).
Ingabe zikhona izingozi noma izinkinga?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi nezinkinga ezithile ezingase zenzeke. Kodwa-ke, lezi azivamile ezimweni eziningi. Zihlanganisa:
- Ukukhwehlela
- Ukukhathala
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
- Isifo sohlangothi
- Ukopha
- Ukuqongelela koketshezi oluzungeze inhliziyo (i-pericardial effusion)
- Ukulimala kwemizwa
- Ukuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic yesikhashana (i-TIA)
Asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka ngalokhu. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela konke kahle ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa?
Ngemva kwengxenye yokuqala yokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Uma ingxenye yesibili izokwenziwa, cishe izokwenziwa ezinyangeni ezintathu.
Uzohlelwa ukuthi uzobona udokotela wakho futhi ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho. Lokhu kuvame ukuba ngemva kwamasonto amathathu ngemva kokuhlinzwa, bese kuba ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu, eziyisithupha, kanye neziyi-12. Ngaleso sikhathi, ungase unikezwe umshini omncane (i-Holter monitor) ogqokwa esifubeni sakho izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuze uqaphe ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho.
Ufuna ukuphinde ubonane nodokotela nini?
Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezilandelayo, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Uma izimpawu ze-Afib (uzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha, ukuqina kwesifuba, ukukhathala) zibuya.
- Uma kukhona ukopha noma ukutheleleka (ukuvuvukala, ukubomvu, ubomvu) endaweni yokuhlinzwa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Inqubo Yokuguqula Izicubu Iyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu, yesimanje ye-Atrial Fibrillation (Afib) yesikhathi eside engalawulwa ngemithi noma ukwelashwa okuvamile.
- Lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yokuhlinzwa kanye nokwelashwa nge-catheter, ngakho-ke kungalungisa izinkinga ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwenhliziyo.
- Izinga lempumelelo yalokhu kwelashwa liphezulu kakhulu, futhi isikhathi sokululama sifushane kakhulu.
- Umuntu ongcono kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kukufanele yini udokotela wakho wenhliziyo. Khuluma naye ngalokhu ngokukhululekile nangaphandle kokwesaba, bese wenza isinqumo.
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