Ubuchopho bethu buyisitho esibaluleke kakhulu nesizwelayo. Ngisho nomonakalo omncane kakhulu kulobu buchopho ungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu. Ngakho-ke ugebhezi luyisivikelo esiqine kakhulu emzimbeni wethu sokuvikela lobu buchopho obuyigugu. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ngenxa yengozi enkulu, isimo sezokwelapha njengesimila sobuchopho, noma ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho kwangaphambilini, lolugebhezi lungase lonakale futhi ingxenye yalo kungadingeka isuswe. Kuleso simo, sikhuluma ngokuhlinzwa okukhethekile okwenziwa ukuze kubuyiselwe isikhala noma isici kugebhezi.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Cranioplasty?
I-cranioplasty inqubo yokuhlinzwa elungisa isici, isikhala, noma ukungajwayelekile ekhanda lakho. Udokotela wakho angenza izinto ezintathu eziyinhloko ngalokhu kuhlinzwa:
- Ukufakwa kabusha kwekhanda: Ukufakwa kabusha kwengcezu yethambo lakho lekhanda elasuswa ekuhlinzweni kwangaphambilini.
- Ukulungiswa kokuphuka kwekhanda: Ukwakha kabusha ikhanda eliphukile noma eliqhekekile, njengalapho kwenzeka ingozi.
- Ukwakheka kwekhanda: Ukulungisa ukukhubazeka ngesimo sekhanda.
Lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa luvame ukudingwa ngemva kokulimala okukhulu ekhanda, ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa, noma ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho kwangaphambilini. Lena inqubo ehleliwe hhayi inqubo ephuthumayo. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi udinga lokhu kuhlinzwa nokuthi isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sini.
Kungani udinga ukwenza lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa?
Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani kungenziwa i-cranioplasty. Ake sibheke izizathu eziyinhloko.
| Isizathu sokuhlinzwa | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuvikela ubuchopho | Uma kukhona isikhala ekhanda, ubuchopho bushiywa bungavikelekile. Ngisho neqhubu elincane lingalimaza ubuchopho. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvala leso sikhala futhi kubuyisele ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kobuchopho. |
| Ukulungisa iphutha lokuhlinzwa kwangaphambilini | Ngezinye izikhathi kususwa ingxenye yekhanda okwesikhashana (i-craniectomy) ukuze kuncishiswe ukuvuvukala ebuchosheni. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ukuze kuvalwe isikhala ngemva kokuba ukuvuvukala sekuphelile. |
| Ukubuyisela ukubukeka | Imbobo noma ukucindezeleka ekhanda kungashintsha ukuma kwekhanda. Lokhu kungathinta ukubukeka komuntu kanye nesimo sakhe sengqondo. Ukuhlinzwa kungalungisa lesi simo. |
| Ukunciphisa izinhlungu zekhanda | Abanye abantu bangase babe nekhanda elibuhlungu elingapheli ngenxa yokukhubazeka kogebhezi. La makhanda abuhlungu angase anciphe noma aphele ngokuphelele ngemva kokuhlinzwa. |
| Izimo zokuzalwa | Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi ezinye izingane zizalwe zinesici sogebhezi. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kusetshenziselwa nokulungisa izimo ezinjalo. |
Ingabe lokhu ukuhlinzwa okukhulu? Ingabe zikhona izingozi?
Yebo, i-cranioplasty iwukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi kwenziwa eduze kakhulu nobuchopho, izingozi ezihambisana nakho ziphezulu kakhulu. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo kanye nethimba lezokwelapha bazothatha zonke izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukunciphisa lezi zingozi.
Silungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzokhuluma nawe futhi athathe umlando ophelele wezokwelapha. Uzokwenza nokuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Uzoyala ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuze alungiselele ukuhlinzwa.
Lezo zivivinyo yilezi:
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
- I-X-ray
- Ukuskena kwe-MRI
- I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scan)
Lezi zivivinyo zingalinganisa ngokunembile usayizi wesici sekhanda, okuyindlela i-prosthetic esetshenziswa ekuhlinzeni eyenziwe ngayo ukuze ilingane kahle nekhanda lakho.
Okubalulekile: Uma uthatha noma yimiphi imithi, njengemithi yokunciphisa igazi, qiniseka ukuthi uyatshela udokotela wakho. Kungase kudingeke uyeke ukuyithatha isikhashana ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Kodwa ungalokothi uyeke ukuyithatha ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
Ungase futhi unikezwe ama-antibiotic ukuze unciphise ingozi yokutheleleka ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kanye neminye imithi yokunciphisa ingozi yezimo ezifana nokuquleka. Uma ubhema noma uphuza utshwala, ukuyeka le misebenzi okungenani isonto ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kungasiza kakhulu enkambisweni yokuphulukiswa.
Kwenzekani ngempela ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Ngosuku lokuhlinzwa kwakho, udokotela wezinzwa uzokunikeza i-anesthesia, okusho ukuthi uzobe ulele ngokuphelele futhi ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu.
Ngaphakathi kwegumbi lokuhlinza, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzolandela lezi zinyathelo:
1. Ukulungiselela: Izinwele endaweni lapho kuzokwenziwa khona ukuhlinzwa ziyasuswa bese isikhumba sihlanzwa kahle.
2. Ukwenza i-incision: Kwenziwa i-incision esikhumbeni. Uma uke wahlinzwa ngaphambilini, i-incision entsha ivame ukwenziwa ngendlela efanayo ne-incision endala.
3. Ukuveza ugebhezi: Isikhumba nemisipha kuhlukaniswa ngokucophelela ukuze kuvele ingxenye yogebhezi edinga ukulungiswa.
4. Ukulungisa: Izinto ezikhethiwe kusengaphambili (njengethambo lakho noma ingxenye yokwenziwa) zifakwa emgodini noma esicini esisekhanda bese zilungiswa. Amapuleti amancane nezikulufo ezenziwe nge-titanium zisetshenziselwa ukubamba lokhu endaweni.
5. Ukuvalwa: Imisipha nesikhumba phezu kogebhezi olulungisiwe kubuyiselwa endaweni yalo, bese ukusika kwesikhumba kuvalwa ngezithungo.
Yiziphi izinto ezisetshenziswayo ukwenza ugebhezi?
Kuye ngesimo sakho, udokotela ohlinzayo uzokhetha enye yezinto ezilandelayo.
| Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ingxenye yogebhezi lwakho | Ucezu lwethambo lakho olwasuswa ekuhlinzweni kwangaphambilini. Lena inketho engcono kakhulu. |
| Elinye ithambo (i-Bone graft) | Ingcezu yethambo ethathwe kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho (isib. ubambo, ithambo lesinqe). |
| Izinto zokwenziwa | Izinto zokwenziwa ezifana nethambo. Isibonelo: i-calcium phosphate, i-hydroxyapatite. |
| Amashidi ensimbi noma i-mesh | Ipuleti noma i-mesh eyenziwe ngensimbi ehambisana nomzimba, njenge-titanium. |
| Izitho zokufakelwa ezikhethekile | Ngokusho kwe-CT scan yakho, kwenziwa izinto ezikhethekile ezifana nepulasitiki (i-polyetheretherketone noma i-polymethyl methacrylate) kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-3D ukuze zilingane kahle nogebhezi lwakho. |
Yini ongayilindela ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ngokuvamile uzongeniswa eyunithi eqashwe ngokucophelela/eyunithi yokwehla eduze kweyunithi yokunakekelwa okujulile, lapho ithimba lezokwelapha lizoqapha khona isimo sakho eduze. Uma kungekho zinkinga, uzodluliselwa ewadini evamile cishe ngosuku olulandelayo. Kungase kudingeke uhlale esibhedlela cishe izinsuku ezi-5.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ungase uzizwe uphethwe yikhanda noma umphimbo obuhlungu. Ungakhathazeki. Ithimba lezokwelapha lizokunikeza imithi edingekayo ukuze ukhululeke futhi ulawule ubuhlungu. Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukuphumula ikhanda lakho liphakanyisiwe kancane futhi lisekelwe kahle ngemicamelo.
Ngaphambi kokuba uphume esibhedlela, uzobe usuhlolwe futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi konke kuphulukiswa kahle. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo ecacile yokuthi ungazinakekela kanjani ngemuva kokubuyela ekhaya. Gwema imisebenzi enzima nokuzivocavoca okunzima. Phumula ngokwanele. Ungashayeli kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ekunika imvume.
Ingabe zikhona izinkinga ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunengozi yezinkinga ngemva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa. Izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi kunengozi engaba ngu-40%. Kodwa-ke, le ngozi iyahlukahluka kuye ngempilo yakho jikelele kanye nohlobo lokuhlinzwa.
| Izinkinga ezinkulu ezingaba khona | |
|---|---|
| Izinkinga ezivamile |
|
| Izinkinga ezingaba yingozi empilweni (kodwa ezingavamile) |
|
Nakuba kunengozi yezinkinga ezinjengalezi, zingelashwa ngempumelelo uma zitholakale kusenesikhathi.
Kuzothatha isikhathi engingakanani ukuphola?
Isikhathi esithathwayo ukuze ululame ngokugcwele siyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Kuya ngokuthi ukuhlinzwa kuyinkimbinkimbi kangakanani kanye nezinga lokuphulukiswa komzimba wakho. Ngokuvamile, ungalindela ukubona ukululama okuhle cishe ngenyanga eyodwa kuya kwezintathu .
Kufanele simbone nini udokotela?
Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ngokuvamile, uzobonwa ngemva kwesonto, inyanga, nezinyanga ezintathu.
Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela noma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha:
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu elingapheli, elinzima
- Imfiva
- Ukuvuvukala endaweni yokuhlinzwa
- Uketshezi oluphuma esilondeni sokuhlinzwa
Isimo esiphuthumayo kakhulu: Uma unesifo sokuwa noma uhlangabezana nezimpawu zesifo sohlangothi (isib. ukudikiza komlomo, ukukhuluma okungazelelwe, ukulahlekelwa yilungu), hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-cranioplasty inqubo ebalulekile yokuhlinzwa elungisa iphutha ekhanda futhi ibuyisele isivikelo ebuchosheni.
- Nakuba kunezingozi ezithile ngoba lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu, lezo zingozi zingaphathwa ngaphansi kokuqashwa okufanele kwezokwelapha.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela (imithi, ukubhema/utshwala) ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukuphumula ngokwanele nokulandela imiyalelo yezokwelapha ngemva kokuhlinzwa kubalulekile ukuze ululame ngokushesha.
- Qaphela izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezifana nomkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, kanye noketshezi oluvela esilondeni. Uma ubona into efana nale, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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