Uma uzwa ukuthi sonke isinyi sizosuswa ngokuhlinzwa, wonke umuntu uyesaba kancane, akunjalo? "Ngizochama kanjani-ke?", "Ngingaphila ngaphandle kwesinyi?" Imibuzo eminingi cishe ifika engqondweni yakho. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Lokhu akwesabisi njengoba ucabanga. Ngenxa yokuthi isayensi yezokwelapha isithuthukile, kunezixazululo zakho konke lokhu. Ake sixoxe ngakho konke kalula, isinyathelo ngesinyathelo.
Kuyini i-cystectomy?
Kalula nje, i-cystectomy inqubo yokuhlinzwa yokususa isinye sakho. Isinye sakho siyisitho esiguquguqukayo, esifana nesikhwama esingaphatha cishe izinkomishi ezimbili (cishe amamililitha angu-500) zomchamo. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa njengokwelapha umdlavuza wesinye. Kodwa-ke, kungaba yisisombululo sezinye izimo zesinye.
Umbuzo omkhulu ongase uzibuze wona manje uthi, "Ungaphila ngaphandle kwesinyi?"
Impendulo ithi, yebo, ungakwazi! Ngemva kokuba udokotela wakho ohlinzayo esuse esinyeni sakho, uzodala indlela entsha yokuthi umchamo uphume emzimbeni wakho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'Ukuphambuka Komchamo'. Le ndlela entsha ivame ukwenziwa ngengxenye encane yamathumbu akho amancane noma amathumbu amakhulu. Kuzothatha isikhathi ukuthi ujwayele le ndlela entsha yokuphila ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Kodwa ngemva kwesikhashana, umzimba wakho uyajwayela, futhi abantu abaningi bangabuyela empilweni evamile.
Ubani odinga lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Kunezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko zokwenza i-cystectomy. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungenziwa ezimweni zomdlavuza kanye nezinye izimo ezingezona ezomdlavuza.
| Izizathu ezingaba khona zokuhlinzwa kwe-cystectomy | |
|---|---|
| Izimo Zomdlavuza | |
| Umdlavuza osakazekele emisipheni yesinye | Uma umdlavuza ususakazeke wajula odongeni lwesinye. |
| Umdlavuza ohlulekile kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha | Uma ukwelashwa komdlavuza wesinyi ongaphandle kungaphumeleli. |
| Umdlavuza ophindaphindayo | Uma ingozi yokuphinda umdlavuza iphezulu. |
| Umonakalo ovela ekwelashweni ngemisebe | Izinkinga ezifana nokopha emchameni ngenxa yokwelashwa ngemisebe. |
| Izimo Ezingenabungozi/Ezingezona Umdlavuza | |
| Izifo zesinye ezibuhlungu | Isibonelo, izimo ezifana ne -Interstitial Cystitis . |
| Izinkinga zesistimu yezinzwa | Ukulahlekelwa ukulawula umchamo ngenxa yomonakalo ohlelweni lwezinzwa ( i-Neurogenic Bladder ). |
| Ukuvuvukala okungapheli | Ukopha njalo nokuvuvukala ( i-Hemorrhagic Cystitis ). |
| Ezinye izizathu | Ukutheleleka okuvamile, i-endometriosis , i -fistula yesinye, noma izinkinga zokuzalwa nazo. |
Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa kwe-cystectomy?
Kuye ngesimo sakho, ingxenye noma sonke isinyi sakho singasuswa. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa.
Ukususwa kwengxenye yesinyi (i-Partial Cystectomy)
Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ingxenye yesinye egulayo kuphela. Ingxenye esele ingasetshenziswa ukuqoqa umchamo. Kodwa-ke, ngemva kokuhlinzwa, isinye sizoba sincane kunangaphambili. Lokhu akuyona indlela evamile yokuhlinzwa.
Ukususwa kwesinyi kuphela (i-Simple Cystectomy)
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kususa isinyi kuphela, hhayi ezinye izitho ezisizungezile. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa ezimweni ezingezona umdlavuza.
Ukususwa kwesinyi kanye nezitho ezizungezile (Radical Cystectomy)
Lolu uhlobo lokuhlinzwa oluvame kakhulu, ikakhulukazi lomdlavuza. Luhilela ukususa isinye kanye nezinye izitho nezicubu ezisizungezile. Lokhu kungabangela umonakalo ezinzwa ezigijima eduze kwesinye, okungathinta ukusebenza kocansi.
- Uma lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa endodeni , udokotela angasusa izingxenye ezifana nesinye, ingxenye ye-urethra, i-prostate gland, ama-seminal vesicles, kanye nama-vas deferens.
- Uma owesifazane ehlinzwa lokhu, kungase kudingeke kususwe isinye sakhe, i-urethra, ingxenye yesitho sakhe sangasese sowesifazane, isibeletho, umlomo wesibeletho, kanye nama-ovari. Kodwa-ke, odokotela bazama ukusindisa isitho sangasese sowesifazane, isibeletho, kanye nama-ovari noma nini lapho kungenzeka. Kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokho okulungele isimo sakho.
Indlela ukuhlinzwa okwenziwa ngayo kanye nezindlela ezintsha zokuchama
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Cystectomy kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu okuthatha cishe amahora amathathu kuya kwayisithupha. Kungenziwa njengokuhlinzwa okuvulekile noma njengokuhlinzwa okungangenisi kakhulu noma okunerobhothi.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kudalwe indlela entsha (ukuphambukisa umchamo) ukuze umchamo uphume emzimbeni. Kunezindlela eziningana eziyinhloko zalokhu:
- Umsele We-Ileal: Lena yindlela evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu. Kule nqubo, kuthathwa ingxenye yamathumbu amancane, ibunjwe ibe yipayipi, bese kuthi ama-ureter avela ezinso axhunywe kulo. Esinye isiphetho sepayipi sibe sesinamathiselwa embotsheni encane (stoma) eyenziwe esikhumbeni sesisu. Umchamo uphuma embotsheni bese uqoqeka esikhwameni esikhethekile (isikhwama se-urostomy) esinamathiselwe kuso.
- Ukuphambuka Kwesikhumba Sezwekazi: Lapha, kwakheka isikhwama ngaphakathi komzimba kusuka engxenyeni yamathumbu eqoqa umchamo. Lesi sikhwama sixhunywe nomgodi (stoma) esikhumbeni. Kodwa-ke, umchamo awuphumi wodwa. Njalo emahoreni angu-4-6, kufanele ufake i-catheter bese uthulula isikhwama ngokwakho.
- I-Neobladder (ukudala isinye esisha): Uma i-urethra yakho isesimweni esihle, isinye esisha singenziwa ngengxenye yamathumbu bese sitshalwa endaweni efanayo lapho kwakukhona khona isinye esidala. Bese sixhunywa kwi-urethra. Ungabe usuchama ngendlela evamile. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kungadingeka usebenzise i-catheter ukuze ukhiphe umchamo wakho ngokuphelele.
Ukuvuselelwa nokunakekelwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa
Kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela cishe izinsuku ezi-5-7 ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Kungathatha amasonto noma izinyanga eziningana ukuze ululame ngokugcwele. Kunezinto ezimbalwa okudingeka uzazi phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi: Gcina umzimba wakho unamanzi. Kungumqondo omuhle futhi ukuphuza isiphuzo esifana ne-ORS kanye namanzi.
- Hamba kancane: Ukuhamba kancane nsuku zonke ngemva kokuhlinzwa kuhle ekujikelezeni kwegazi futhi kukusiza ukuthi ululame ngokushesha.
- Gcina amathumbu akho esebenza: Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, amathumbu akho angase angasebenzi kahle (ileus). Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ngalokhu ukuphuza uketshezi nokuhambahamba.
- Sebenzisa umcamelo uma ukhwehlela: Uma inxeba lakho lokuhlinzwa libuhlungu uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula, beka umcamelo kancane esiswini sakho. Lokhu kuzosiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu.
- Lala kahle: Ukuphumula kubalulekile ukuze ululame ngokushesha.
- Thola ukwesekwa kwengqondo: Ukukhuluma nomuntu oke wadlula kulolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa kungaba umthombo omkhulu wamandla. Cela iseluleko kudokotela wakho ngalokhu.
Izingozi zokuhlinzwa kanye nesikhathi sokubonana nodokotela
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, i-cystectomy inezingozi ezithile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukopha, ukutheleleka, kanye nomonakalo ezithweni ezizungezile. Kukhona nezinkinga ezingaba khona, njengokutheleleka komgudu womchamo (UTIs), ukuqunjelwa noma isifo sohudo, izinkinga zokumunca izakhamzimba ezifana ne-vitamin B12, kanye nezinguquko ekusebenzeni kocansi.
| Nini lapho kufanele uthole iseluleko sezokwelapha | |
|---|---|
| Uma unalezi zimpawu, khuluma nodokotela wakho. | |
| |
| Uma unalezi zimpawu, hamba uye esibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha. | |
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Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukususwa kwe-cystectomy inqubo enkulu yokuhlinzwa esusa isinye. Ivame ukwenziwa kakhulu ngomdlavuza wesinye.
- Kungenzeka ukuphila ngaphandle kwesinyi. Udokotela ohlinzayo udala indlela entsha yokuphuma komchamo.
- Nakuba kuthatha isikhathi esithile ukululama ngokugcwele ngemva kokuhlinzwa, abantu abaningi bayakwazi ukubuyela empilweni evamile.
- Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi, futhi kungase kube nezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho. Kulapho-ke kuphela lapho ungenza khona isinqumo esingcono kakhulu.
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