Wake wezwa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okubizwa ngokuthi 'i-D-Dimer'? Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho ukucele ukuthi wenze lokhu kuhlolwa, noma mhlawumbe othile omaziyo ukwenzile. Igama lingase lizwakale liyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Kodwa iyini ngempela i-D-Dimer? Kungani ibaluleke kangaka? Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngayo ngendlela elula kakhulu ongayiqonda.
Ake siqale sibone, iyini i-D-Dimer?
Kalula nje, i-D-Dimer iyingcezu encane yeprotheni eyakheka lapho ihlule legazi lincibilika emzimbeni wethu. Ngokuvamile, izinga le-D-Dimer egazini lomuntu ophilile kufanele libe phansi kakhulu, noma lingabonakali.
Cabanga ngakho, isandla sakho siyeka kanjani ukopha uma usisika? Kwakheka ihlule legazi lapho, akunjalo? Kuyindlela yokuzivikela yomzimba wethu. Leli hlule legazi lifana ne-mesh encane. Le mesh yenziwe ngemicu yamaprotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-fibrin . Le mesh yiyo evala inxeba futhi imise ukopha.
Ngemva kokuba inxeba selipholile, ihlule akudingeki lihlale lapho. Ngakho-ke umzimba wethu usebenzisa i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-Plasmin ukuphula ihlule, ukulincibilikisa, nokulisusa. Uma lincibilika, kusala izingcezu ezincane zehlule leprotheni. Enye yalezo zingcezu ibizwa ngokuthi i-D-Dimer.
Lokho kusho ukuthi, uma amazinga akho e-D-Dimer egazini ephakanyisiwe, kusho ukuthi ihlule legazi elikhulu lakheke ndawana thize emzimbeni wakho futhi manje selincibilika.
Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho noma kungekho ukulimala, amahlule egazi angakheka emithanjeni emzimbeni. Yilokhu okuyingozi. Ukuhlolwa kwe-D-Dimer kuhlola ikakhulukazi lezi zinhlobo zamahlule egazi angadingeki.
Kungani udokotela angancoma ukuhlolwa kwe-D-Dimer?
Odokotela basebenzisa lolu vivinyo ikakhulukazi uma besola izimo eziningana ezihlobene nokujiya kwegazi.
- I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Lokhu kwenzeka lapho kwakheka ihlule legazi emthanjeni ojulile emzimbeni, ikakhulukazi emlenzeni.
- I-Pulmonary Embolism (PE): Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu. Kwenzeka lapho ihlule legazi elakheke emlenzeni, njenge-DVT, liphuka bese lihamba negazi bese lihlala emthanjeni emaphashini.
- Ukugoqana Kwemithambo Yegazi Okusabalalisiwe (DIC): Lesi yisimo esibi lapho kwakheka khona amahlule amaningi egazi ezindaweni eziningi emzimbeni wonke.
- Isifo sohlangothi: Lokhu kuhlolwa ngezinye izikhathi kuyasiza ekutholeni ukukhubazeka okubangelwa ukuqhekeka kwegazi okuvalela umthambo othwala igazi liye ebuchosheni.
Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele ngizihlolele zona?
Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukwenziwa ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo (i-ETU) ngoba kubalulekile ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha lapho kuvela izimpawu zehlule legazi. Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezingezansi, udokotela wakho angase anqume ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-D-Dimer.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Izimpawu ezivamile |
|---|---|
| I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) |
|
| I-Pulmonary Embolism (PE) |
|
Okubaluleke kakhulu! Uma unezimpawu ze-Pulmonary Embolism (PE) noma i-Stroke (isib. ubuhlungu besifuba obungazelelwe, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukungazweli ebusweni/engalweni/emlenzeni, ubunzima bokukhuluma), iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha. Lezi yizimo eziphuthumayo ezisongela ukuphila. Uma unezimpawu ze-DVT, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu.
Uthini umbiko wokuhlolwa?
Yilapho abantu abaningi benza khona amaphutha. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda umbiko we-D-Dimer.
Uma izinga le-D-Dimer 'lijwayelekile' noma 'libi'
Lezi yizindaba ezinhle kakhulu. Uma izinga lakho le-D-Dimer lijwayelekile, kusho ukuthi awuboni ukwakheka kwamahlule egazini okukhulu kanye nokuqhekeka emzimbeni wakho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi cishe awunaso isimo esifana ne-DVT noma i-PE.Odokotela basebenzisa lolu vivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lezi zimo azikho.
Uma izinga le-D-Dimer 'liphezulu' noma 'lihle'
Yilapho abantu abaningi besaba khona. Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uyiqonde lapha ukuthi ukuba nezinga eliphezulu le-D-Dimer akusho ukuthi une-blood clot eyingozi.
Kungaba nezinye izizathu eziningi zokuphakama kwamazinga e-D-Dimer. Isibonelo:
- Ukukhulelwa: Amazinga e-D-Dimer ayanda ngokwemvelo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
- Ukuhlinzwa kwakamuva: I-D-Dimer inganda njengengxenye yenqubo yokuphulukiswa komzimba ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukulimala: Lesi simo singase senzeke nangemva kwengozi.
- Ukutheleleka: Amazinga e-D-Dimer nawo ayanda kwezinye izimo ezithelelanayo.
- Isifo senhliziyo: Kwezinye izimo zenhliziyo.
- Izimo zomdlavuza: Kwezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza.
- Ukuguga: Amazinga e-D-Dimer ayanda kancane ngokwemvelo njengoba sikhula.
Ngakho-ke, uma izinga lakho le-D-Dimer liphezulu, udokotela ngeke akhathazeke. Into elandelayo azokwenza ukwenza ezinye izivivinyo ezimbalwa ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho ukuze athole ukuthi une-blood clot yini.
Uma i-D-Dimer iphezulu, yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ngokulandelayo?
Uma umbiko we-D-Dimer ubonisa ukuthi unegciwane, udokotela wakho angakuthumela ukuthi uyohlolwa ngezithombe (ama-scan) ukuze abheke ukuthi igazi ligobile yini.
- I-Doppler Ultrasound: Lokhu kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukuhlola ukugeleza kwegazi kanye namahlule egazi, ikakhulukazi emithanjeni yemilenze.
- I-CT Angiography: Lolu uhlobo olukhethekile lwe-CT scan. Idayi ekhethekile ifakwa emzimbeni bese ihlolwa njengoba idayi ihamba emithanjeni yegazi ukuze ibheke noma yikuphi ukuvinjelwa, njengokuqhekeka kwegazi. Lokhu kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukubheka ukuqhekeka kwegazi (PE) emaphashini.
- Iskeni Sokungenisa Umoya Emaphashini (V/Q): Lesi esinye iskeni esikhethekile esibheka ukuthi umoya kanye negazi emaphashini kunjani.
Kungemva kwalezi zivivinyo kuphela lapho udokotela ezonquma khona ukuthi une-blood clot noma cha, futhi uma kunjalo, uzoyelapha kanjani.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-D-Dimer iyisiqeshana seprotheyini esakheka lapho ihlule legazi liphuka. Lokhu ukuhlolwa okulula okulilinganisa egazini.
- Umphumela wokuhlolwa kwe-D-Dimer uthi 'Okuvamile' noma 'Okubi'Uma kunjalo, lokho kusho ukuthi mancane amathuba okuba ne-blood clot eyingozi njenge-DVT noma i-PE. Lokhu kuyimpumuzo enkulu.
- Ungakhathazeki uma imiphumela yakho ye-D-Dimer 'iphezulu' noma 'ilungile' . Akusho ukuthi une-blood clot. I-D-Dimer ingakhuphuka ngenxa yezizathu eziningi, njengokukhulelwa, ukuhlinzwa, kanye nokutheleleka.
- Uma i-D-Dimer iphezulu, udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yini okufanele ayenze ngokulandelayo. Uzokudlulisela ukuze uhlolwe okwengeziwe.
- Ungalokothi ungazinaki izimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala kwemilenze ngokuzumayo, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula. Funa iseluleko sikadokotela ngokushesha.
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