Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi awukwazi ukukhipha konke esinyini sakho uma uya endlini yangasese? Noma uzizwa sengathi kuphuma umchamo omncane, okukushiya unesifiso sokuphinde uhambe? Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-Urinary Retention . Kusho ukuthi isinyi sakho asiphumi kahle. Cabanga ngesinyi sakho njengethangi lamanzi: uketshezi oluhlungiwe yizinso zakho luqoqana lapho ngaphambi kokuba luphume nge-urethra.
Kuyini ukugcinwa komchamo, futhi ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene?
Kalula nje, ukugcinwa komchamo kwenzeka uma isinye sakho singaphumi ngokuphelele. Lokhu kwenzeka ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko:
1. Ukugcinwa Komchamo Okubukhali: Lesi yisimo esingalindelekile, esingalindelekile lapho ungase uzithole ungakwazi nhlobo ukuchama. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo.
2. Ukugcinwa Komchamo Okungapheli: Lesi yisimo esikhula kancane kancane isikhathi eside, izimpawu zibonakala kancane kancane.
Izimbangela zingabandakanya ukuvaleka kwendlela yomchamo, imithi ethile, noma izinkinga ezihlobene nemizwa.
Cabanga ngakho njengesikhiphi esisepayipini lengadi—uma okuthile kuvala indlela, amanzi awakwazi ukuphuma kahle.
Njengoba kuphawuliwe, ukugcinwa komchamo ngokushesha kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha ; uma uhlangabezana nalokhu, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ukugcinwa komchamo okungapheli kuvame ukubonwa kwabesilisa abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-60 no-80.
Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukugcinwa komchamo kungathinta cishe abesilisa abayi-10% abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-70 kanye nabesilisa abafinyelela ku-30% abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-80. Nakuba abesifazane nabo bengase babe nokugcinwa komchamo okuphuthumayo, akuvamile kakhulu kwabesifazane uma kuqhathaniswa nabesilisa.
Ziyini izimpawu zokugcinwa komchamo?
Izimpawu zincike ekutheni lesi simo sibi noma asimahlalakhona.
Izimpawu Zokugcinwa Komchamo Okubukhali
Lezi zimpawu zivele ngokuzumayo:
- Ukungakwazi nhlobo ukuchama, noma ukudlula kancane kakhulu naphezu kokuba isinyi sigcwele.
- Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ungase uzwe ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu noma ubuhlungu besisu esingezansi . Uma lokhu kwenzeka, funa usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo ngokushesha ngokushayela u-911 noma uvakashele isibhedlela esiseduze.
Izimpawu Zokugcinwa Komchamo Okungapheli
Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Izimpawu ezivamile zifaka:
- Ubunzima bokuqala ukugeleza komchamo.
- Umchamo obuthakathaka noma ohamba kancane, noma ubunzima bokulawula ukugeleza komchamo.
- Umuzwa wokuthi udinga ukuya futhi ngokushesha ngemva kokuqeda.
- Ukufisa njalo ukuchama.
- Ukuvuza komchamo ngokungenhloso.
- Ukudinga ukuvuka izikhathi eziningana ebusuku ukuze uchame (i-Nocturia).
Yini ebangela ukugcinwa komchamo?
Kunezici eziningana ezingaholela ekugcinweni komchamo, ikakhulukazi:
- Ukuvaleka kwendlela yomchamo.
- Imithi ethathwa kwezinye izimo zempilo.
- Izinkinga ezihlobene nemizwa eziphazamisa izimpawu phakathi kobuchopho kanye nohlelo lomchamo .
- Izifo noma ukuvuvukala okuvimbela ukugeleza kwegazi.
- Ukuhlinzwa (ikakhulukazi ukululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa).
1. Ukuvinjelwa
Noma yini evimba indlela esuka kwesinyeni idlule e-urethra ingabangela ukugcinwa kwayo. Lezi yizona zinto ezivame kakhulu:
- I-Prostate Ekhulisiwe (BPH): Njengoba i-prostate gland ikhula, ingacindezela i-urethra, okubangela ukuvaleka. Lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi i-Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH).
- Ukuvaleka Kwesinyi:Ukuvaleka kwentamo yesinye lapho umchamo uphuma khona.
- Ukuvinjelwa komchamo: Ukuvaleka okubangelwa amatshe ezinso, amahlule egazi, noma izimila.
- I-Cystocele : Isimo lapho isinyi siwela khona singene esithweni sangasese sowesifazane.
- I-Rectocele: Isimo lapho ingxenye ye-rectum isunduza odongeni lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
- Ukuqina Kwe-Urethral: Ukuncipha kwe-urethra ngenxa yezicubu zesilonda.
2. Imithi
Imithi ethile ingaphazamisa ukusebenza kwemisipha yesinye, okuhlanganisa:
- Ama-antihistamine (isib., i-Benadryl®)
- Ama-antispasmodics (isib., i-Detrol®)
- Imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu ye-opioid (isib. i-Vicodin®)
- Ama-Tricyclic Antidepressants (isib., i-Elavil®)
Eminye imithi engaba nomthelela ifaka phakathi imithi yomfutho wegazi, imithi ethile yengqondo (ama-antipsychotic), kanye nemithi yokuphumula imisipha.
3. Izinkinga Zezinzwa
Ukuchama kuwumzamo ohlangene ohilela ubuchopho, obonisa imisipha yesinyi ukuthi ifinyele kanye nemisipha ye-sphincter ukuthi iphumule. Uma lokhu kuxhumana kuphazamiseka, ukugcinwa kwayo kwenzeka. Izimbangela zifaka:
- Isifo sohlangothi .
- Isifo Sikashukela.
- I-Multiple Sclerosis (MS).
- Ukulimala komgogodla noma kwesisu.
- Ukucindezelwa kwemizwa ngenxa yesimila noma idiski eligobile .
- Ukubeletha ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-pelvic.
Uma wake wadinga i-catheter ngaphambilini, ingozi yakho yezinkinga zomchamo ezihlobene nemizwa ingase ibe phezulu.
4. Ukutheleleka noma Ukuvuvukala
Ukutheleleka kungabangela umgudu womchamo ukuthi uvuvuke, kuvimbele ukugeleza kwamanzi:
- I-Prostatitis: Ukuvuvukala kwendlala ye-prostate kungacindezela i-urethra.
- Ukutheleleka Kwendlela Yomchamo (UTI): Ukutheleleka kungabangela ukuvuvukala komchamo noma kunciphise imisipha yesinye.
- Izifo Ezithathelwana Ngocansi (ama-STI): Lokhu kungabangela ukuvuvukala okuholela ekubambeni.
5. Ukuhlinzwa
Ukugcinwa komchamo ngemva kokuhlinzwa akuyona into engavamile, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokufakelwa inqulu noma ukuhlinzwa komgogodla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-anesthesia ejwayelekile esetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ingathinta okwesikhashana ukusebenza kwesinyi.
Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zokugcina umchamo?
Nakuba ukugcinwa komchamo kungathinta noma ubani, kuvame kakhulu kwabesilisa . Ikakhulukazi, abantu abane-prostate ekhulisiwe, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) , basengozini enkulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-prostate ekhulisiwe ingacindezela i-urethra, idale ukuvaleka ngokomzimba okuvimbela umchamo ukuthi uphume kahle.
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona zokugcinwa komchamo?
Uma lesi simo singatholakali noma singelashwa, singaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zempilo, okuhlanganisa:
- Izifo Zomgudu Womchamo (UTIs): Umchamo osele esinyeni udala indawo yokuzalela kwamagciwane, okungaholela ezifweni ezingasakazekela ezinso zakho.
- Ukulimala Kwesinye: Uma isinye sihlala sivuvukele isikhathi eside kakhulu, imisipha yesinye inganwebeka futhi yonakale unomphela.
- Ukulimala Kwezinso: Uma i-UTI isakazekela ezinso, ingabangela ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala. Lokhu kucindezeleka kungabangela isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba: Uma isinyi singaphumi ngokuphelele, ungase uzwe ukuvuza okungahleliwe (ukungakwazi ukuzibamba ngokweqile) ngaphandle kokuqaphela.
- Amatshe Esinyini: Umchamo omile esinyini unikeza indawo ephelele yokwakheka kwamatshe esinyini.
Ukugcinwa komchamo kutholakala kanjani?
Ukugcinwa komchamo ngokushesha kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha . Uma ngokuzumayo uzithola ungakwazi ukuchama, ikakhulukazi uma kuhambisana nobuhlungu obukhulu esiswini sakho noma endaweni engezansi ye-pelvic, funa usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo ngokushesha .
Uma usola ukuthi une-cold yomchamo engapheli, kufanele ubonane nodokotela we-urologist. Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzokwenza okulandelayo:
- Xoxa ngezimpawu zakho nokuthi usunesikhathi eside kangakanani uzizwa ngazo.
- Buyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha ophelele.
- Yenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba.
- Cela isampula yomchamo ukuze kuhlolwe izimpawu zokutheleleka.
- Yenza ukuhlolwa kwe-digital rectal (DRE) ukuze uhlole usayizi kanye nempilo ye-prostate yakho.
Ukuze athole imbangela eyinhloko, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kokuxilonga:
- Ukuhlolwa Komchamo Ohlala Ngemuva Kokungasebenzi (i-PVR): Lokhu kulinganisa ukuthi kusele umchamo ongakanani esinyeni sakho ngokushesha ngemva kokuba uzame ukuchama.
- I-Cystoscopy: Ipayipi elincane neliguquguqukayo elinekhamera (i-cystoscope) lifakwa ku-urethra ukuze udokotela wakho akwazi ukubona ngeso lengqondo ingaphakathi lesinye sakho kanye ne-urethra.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Urodynamic: Lolu chungechunge lwezivivinyo lulinganisa ukusebenza kwemizwa nemisipha, ukucindezeleka kwesinye, kanye nesivinini sokugeleza komchamo wakho.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-PSA: Lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kulinganisa amazinga e-Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA), okusiza ekuhloleni umdlavuza we-prostate noma ezinye izimo ze-prostate.
Ukugcinwa komchamo kwelashwa kanjani?
Ukwelashwa eNirogi Lanka kuncike ekutheni lesi simo sibi noma singapheli nokuthi siyini imbangela eyisisekelo.
Ukwelapha Ukugcinwa Komchamo Okubukhali
Ngenxa yokuthi lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha, udokotela wakho cishe uzofaka i-catheter ukuze akhiphe amanzi kwesinye ngokushesha, okuvame ukunikeza impumuzo esheshayo. Uma esinyeni sakho sesiphumile, udokotela wakho uzophenya imbangela futhi athuthukise uhlelo lokwelashwa lwesikhathi eside.
Ukwelapha Ukugcinwa Komchamo Okungapheli
Ukwelashwa kuklanyelwe imbangela ethile futhi kungase kuhilele eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
- Imithi.
- Izinqubo zokuhlinzwa.
- Indlela yokuphila engeyona eyokuhlinzwa kanye nokungenelela kokuziphatha.
Uma lesi simo sibangelwa izinkinga zemizwa, kungadingeka usebenzise i-catheter ekhaya. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ukuqeqeshwa kokuthi ungazilungisa kanjani ngokuphepha ngezikhathi ezithile.
Imithi
Udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi yokuxazulula imbangela, njenge:
- Nge-BPH: Ama-alpha-blockers noma ama-5-alpha reductase inhibitors angasiza ekunciphiseni i-prostate noma ukukhulula imisipha eyizungezile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukugeleza kwegazi.
- Ngezifo: Kuzonikezwa ama-antibiotic afanele ukuze kuqedwe izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.
Izinketho Zokuhlinzwa
Ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka kuye ngokuthi uphethwe yini:
- Nge-Enlarged Prostate: Kunezinqubo eziningana ezitholakalayo, njenge-Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP), i-Prostatic Urethral Lift, noma i-Holmium Laser Enucleation (HoLEP), zonke ezenzelwe ukususa noma ukugwema ukuvinjelwa.
- Ngezithiyo Zomchamo We-Urethral: Udokotela angasebenzisa i-catheter noma ibhaluni ukuze andise indawo encishisiwe. Kwezinye izimo, kungadingeka ukuhlinzwa okwakha kabusha okubizwa ngokuthi i-urethroplasty.
- Ukuncipha Kwezitho Zesitho Se ...
- Ngamatshe Esinyini: Udokotela wakho angase asebenzise inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-cystolitholapaxy ukuze aqhekeze futhi asuse amatshe esinyeni sakho.
Udokotela wakho uzohlala eqala ngezindlela ezingangenisi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma lokhu kunganele, ukungenelela okuthuthukile kungacatshangelwa, okuhlanganisa:
- Ukususwa kwe-prostate (ukuhlinzwa).
- Ukuvuselelwa kwentambo yomgogodla.
- Ukuhlinzwa kwesinye.
- Ukwakhiwa kabusha komchamo noma ukuphambukisa umchamo.
Ukwelashwa Okungahlinzwa
Ezimweni eziningi, izimpawu zingaphathwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa:
- Ukuzivocavoca kwe-Kegel noma Ukwelashwa Kwephansi Kwe-Pelvic: Lezi zindlela zisiza ukuqinisa imisipha esekela isinyi sakho.
- I-Vaginal Pessary: Ithuluzi elisekelayo elisetshenziselwa abesifazane ukugcina isinyi esiphumayo sisendaweni efanele.
- Ukuqeqeshwa kabusha kwesinye: Ukudala isimiso esihleliwe sokuchama nokulawula uketshezi oluthathwayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukulawulwa kwesinye.
Ingabe ukugcinwa komchamo kungavinjelwa?
Nakuba kungezona zonke izimbangela ezingavinjelwa, ungazinciphisa kakhulu izingozi zakho:
- Lalela umzimba wakho bese usebenzisa indlu yangasese ngokushesha nje lapho uzizwa unesifiso. Gwema ukubamba umchamo wakho isikhathi eside.
- Qaphela imikhuba yakho yokugeza bese uthintana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma ubona izinguquko eziqhubekayo.
- Gcina ukudla okunempilo, hlala usebenza ngokomzimba, futhi uphuze amanzi anele ukusekela impilo yomchamo iyonke.
Kungenzeka yini ukuthi ngichame noma ngabe ngigcina umchamo?
Yebo, abanye abantu abagcina umchamo basengakhipha umchamo omncane. Ukugcina umchamo kusho ukuthi awukwazi ukukhipha umchamo ngokuphelele, noma awukwazi ukuchama nhlobo. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma isinye sigcwala kakhulu, singase sigcwale, okuholela ekuvuza okuncane okungahleliwe.
Yini okufanele ngiyilindele uma ngigcina umchamo?
Uma kutholakale ukuthi unesifo sokugcina umchamo, kubalulekile ukulandela ngokucophelela uhlelo lokwelashwa olubekwe udokotela wakho. Yiba khona kuzo zonke izikhathi zokulandelela ukuze uqaphe intuthuko yakho futhi uqinisekise ukuthi izimpawu zakho ziyathuthuka. Kubantu abaningi, ukwelashwa okufanele kunikeza impumuzo ebalulekile ezimpawini.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Kufanele uthintane nochwepheshe wezempilo uma uhlangabezana nalokhu okulandelayo:
- Isifiso esiqhubekayo sokuchama, ikakhulukazi ngokushesha nje lapho usuqedile.
- Ubunzima bokuqala umchamo wakho, noma uma ukugeleza kwakho kubuthakathaka noma kumisa futhi kuqala ngezikhathi ezithile.
- Ubuhlungu esiswini esingezansi, endaweni yesinqe, noma emhlane ongezansi.
Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?
Uma unenkinga yokugcina umchamo, kungokwemvelo ukuba nemibuzo. Ungase ufune ukubuza udokotela wakho okulandelayo:
- Ucabanga ukuthi iyini imbangela eyinhloko yezimpawu zami?
- Ingabe uncoma noma yiziphi ezinye izivivinyo zokuxilonga?
- Iyiphi indlela yokwelapha oyincomayo?
- Ngingazilawula kanjani kangcono lezi zimpawu empilweni yami yansuku zonke?
- Ingabe ukugcinwa komchamo wami kuyisimo esingelashwa ngokuphelele noma esingelapheka?
Kungazwakala kungakhululekile ukuxoxa ngezinkinga zokulawula umchamo nomndeni, abangane, noma ngisho nodokotela. Kodwa-ke, sicela wazi ukuthi awuwedwa. Ukugcinwa komchamo kuyisimo esivamile futhi esingelapheka kakhulu. Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko emikhubeni yakho yomchamo, noma uma uzithola ungakwazi nhlobo ukuchama, sicela ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezisebenzayo ezitholakalayo ukukusiza ukuphatha izimpawu zakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
Ukugcinwa komchamo ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yinto ekhungathekisayo, futhi uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka ngokushesha, kungaba yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Isinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izimpawu zakho bese ucela iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Izimpawu Eziphuthumayo: Uma ungasakwazi ukuchama ngokuzumayo noma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu esingezansi, hamba ngokushesha emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo oseduze.
- Izimpawu Eziqhubekayo: Uma uhlangabezana nobunzima bokuqala ukuchama, ukugeleza okubuthakathaka, noma izifiso ezivamile, ungangabazi ukuhlela ukubonisana nodokotela wakho ukuze kuhlolwe kahle.
- Izimbangela Eziningi Ezingaba Khona:Izimo ezifana nezinkinga ze-prostate, imiphumela emibi yemithi, ukulimala kwemizwa, noma izifo kungabangela ukugcinwa kwayo. Ukuthola imbangela eqondile kuyisihluthulelo sokwelashwa okuphumelelayo.
- Ukwelashwa Kuyatholakala: Kuye ngembangela, ukwelashwa kungafaka phakathi imithi, izinqubo zokuhlinzwa, noma izinguquko zendlela yokuphila.
- Ungakushayi indiva: Uma kungelashwa, kungaba nezinkinga ezifana nokulimala kwezinso noma ukutheleleka okuphindaphindiwe.
Khumbula, uma ubhekene nalokhu kungakhululeki, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Ngokunakekelwa ngesikhathi esifanele okuvela eNirogi Lanka, ungathola impumuzo futhi uthuthukise ikhwalithi yempilo yakho.
