Cishe uke wakubona ku-TV noma ku-movie, lapho umuntu elahlekelwa ingqondo ngokuzumayo futhi ewela phansi, odokotela noma abahlengikazi bagijimela kuye babeke amadivayisi amabili afana nensimbi esifubeni sakhe, bamemeze bathi "Sula!" bese bemshaya ngogesi. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-defibrillator. Kodwa akuwona nje umshini oshaya ngomsindo. Wenzelwe ukusindisa impilo yomuntu oseduze nokufa. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngale divayisi ebaluleke kakhulu ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, iyini i-defibrillator?
Cabanga ngenhliziyo yethu njengomshini omncane osebenza ngesigqi esithile. Inesistimu yesignali kagesi yokusebenza kwayo. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngenxa yephutha kulesi simiso sesignali kagesi, inhliziyo iyayeka ukushaya ngesigqi esifanele bese iqala ukuzulazula. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi isigqi senhliziyo esingavamile, noma i-arrhythmia .
Kulezi zi-arrhythmia, kunezimbili eziyingozi kakhulu futhi ezisongela impilo ngokushesha. Ziyi -Ventricular Tachycardia (lapho inhliziyo ingashayi) kanye ne-Ventricular Fibrillation . Kalula nje, kuzo zombili izimo, amakamelo aphansi enhliziyo (ama-ventricles) awaphampi kahle, kodwa ayathuthumela nje. Lokhu kungavimba ngokuphelele ukupompa kwegazi emzimbeni, ikakhulukazi ebuchosheni, futhi ukufa kungenzeka ngemizuzu embalwa.
Yilapho-ke i-defibrillator isiza khona. Lokho okwenziwa yile divayisi ukuletha ukushaqeka kukagesi okulawulwayo nokunamandla enhliziyweni, kumise ngokushesha umsebenzi kagesi ongaguquki futhi kunikeze inhliziyo ithuba lokubuyela esigqini sayo semvelo. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, i-defibrillator 'iqala kabusha' inhliziyo.
Ubani odinga i-defibrillator? Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-defibrillator?
Ngokuvamile, uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo esinjengalesi esibhedlela, odokotela bangasebenzisa ngokushesha i-defibrillator. Futhi, manje ezindaweni eziningi zomphakathi, njengezikhumulo zezindiza kanye nezitolo ezinkulu, kukhona uhlobo lwe-defibrillator olungasetshenziswa yinoma ubani. Lubizwa ngokuthi i-Automated External Defibrillator (AED) .
Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu kakhulu yokuthola lesi sifo esiyingozi sokungaphumuli kwenhliziyo. Isibonelo, umuntu oke waba nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ngaphambilini noma onenhliziyo ebuthakathaka. Kubantu abanjalo, kunemishini yokunciphisa i-fibrillator abangayiphatha ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Ake sibheke kahle lezi zinhlobo.
| Uhlobo lwe-Defibrillator | Incazelo kanye nokusebenza |
|---|---|
| I-Defibrillator Yangaphandle Ezenzakalelayo (AED) | Lezi yizo ezitholakala ezindaweni zomphakathi njengezikhumulo zezindiza, izinkundla zemidlalo, kanye nezitolo ezinkulu. Le divayisi yenzelwe ukusetshenziswa yinoma ubani ongenalo uqeqesho lwezokwelapha. Uma izitikha ezimbili sezibekwe esifubeni sesiguli, umshini uhlaziya isigqi senhliziyo bese unquma ukuthi uzoletha yini ukushaqeka. Uma kudingeka ukushaqeka, unikeza imiyalelo yezwi yokuthi ungakwenza kanjani. |
| I-Cardioverter Defibrillator Egqokwayo (i-WCD) | Lena idivayisi egqokwa ngaphansi kwezingubo, njengevesti. Izinzwa ezithinta isikhumba zihlala ziqapha isigqi senhliziyo. Uma kutholakala i-arrhythmia eyingozi, idivayisi iveza ngokuzenzakalelayo ukushaqeka. Udokotela wakho angase akuncome lokhu njengedivayisi yesikhashana yabantu abasengozini yesifo senhliziyo kodwa abalinde ukufakwa kwedivayisi ehlala njalo. |
| I-Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) | Lolu uhlobo oluvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu lwe-personal defibrillator. Le divayisi encane ifakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba sesifuba ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okuncane. Ucingo oluvela kuyo luxhunywe enhliziyweni. Njengesilindi esibekwe enhliziyweni, le ICD iqapha isigqi senhliziyo amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngesonto. Uma kwenzeka isigqi esiyingozi, ikhipha ukushaqeka kagesi okudingekayo ukuze kubuyiselwe inhliziyo esimweni sayo esijwayelekile. Nakuba ifana ne-pacemaker, ikhono elikhethekile le-ICD ukuthi ingaletha lokhu kushaqeka okusindisa impilo. |
Kuzwakala kanjani ukushaqeka kwe-defibrillator?
Ukushaqeka okuvela kumshini wokuhlanza umzimba, njenge-ICD, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba buhlungu . Kodwa kwezinye izimo, kungazwakala sengathi othile ukukhahlele esifubeni . Kodwa-ke, ngaleso sikhathi, ukusindisa impilo kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu.
Yiziphi izinyathelo zokusebenzisa i-defibrillator?
Cabanga ngomuntu ovele aquleke endaweni yakini. Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukushayela ucingo i-Suwaseriya Ambulance Service ka-1990 . Uma usuqeqeshwe, kufanele uqale i-CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) . Okwamanje, uma kukhona i-AED eduze, kufanele uyilethe.
Nansi indlela yokusebenzisa i-defibrillator (ikakhulukazi i-AED):
1. Qhubeka ne-CPR: Uma kungenzeka, qhubeka ne-CPR kuze kube yilapho i-defibrillator isilungile. I-CPR ihlose ukugcina izinga elithile lokugeleza kwegazi okunomoya-mpilo liye ebuchosheni nakwezinye izitho zomzimba.
2. Dala isikhala esizungeze isiguli: Uma unikeza i-shock, qiniseka ukuthi akekho othinta isiguli noma umbhede isiguli esikuwo . Ngaphandle kwalokho, singase sishonelwe ugesi.
3. Beka Amaphedi noma Amaphedi Esifubeni: Kunamaphedi amabili afana nezitika noma amaphedi ensimbi anamathiselwe ku-defibrillator. Lawa kudingeka abekwe ezindaweni ezimbili ezithile esifubeni sesiguli.
- Eyokuqala: ngaphansi kwehlombe langakwesokudla.
- Esinye: ngaphansi kwengono yesobunxele, ngokugobile.
- Izitikha ezihambisana nama-AED zinezithombe ezibonisa ukuthi ama-pads afakwa kuphi. Ama-pads asetshenziswa ezibhedlela abekwa esifubeni ngejeli ekhethekile esetshenziswa ukuvimba isikhumba ukuthi singashi.
4. Letha ukushaqeka:
- Uma kuyi-AED, ihlaziya ngokuzenzakalelayo isigqi senhliziyo bese ithi "Kuyalulekwa ukuthi ushaqeke." Bese, ikuyala ukuthi ucindezele inkinobho kuyo.
- Esibhedlela, udokotela uhlola isigqi esisesikrinini, unquma ukushaqeka, bese ecindezela izinkinobho kuzo zombili izipikha ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ngemva kokunikezwa kwe-shock, udokotela noma usizo lokuqala luzophinde lwenze i-CPR futhi cishe imizuzu emibili . Bese bezohlola ukuthi ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuyehla yini nokuthi isigqi senhliziyo sibuyela esimweni esijwayelekile. Uma kudingeka, kuzonikezwa okunye ukushaqeka kanye ne-CPR. Ngezinye izikhathi, imithi efana ne -epinephrine noma i-amiodarone nayo inikezwa ukusiza ukulawula isigqi senhliziyo.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi?
Inzuzo enkulu newukuphela kwayo ye-defibrillator ukuthi ingasindisa impilo . Uma ukushaqeka kungalethwa nge-defibrillator kungakapheli imizuzu eyi-10 yokuqala kokuqala kwe-arrhythmias ezimbili eziyingozi engikhulume ngazo ekuqaleni (i-VT ne-VF), amathuba okusindisa impilo aphezulu kakhulu.
Kukhona nezingozi. Ingozi enkulu ukusebenzisa i-defibrillator ukuze inhliziyo ishaye ngendlela engajwayelekile . I-defibrillator kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela kwi-Ventricular Tachycardia (engenawo ukushaya kwenhliziyo) noma i-Ventricular Fibrillation. Uma umuntu onesigqi senhliziyo esihlukile eshaywa yisifo sohlangothi, lokho kungabangela ukuthi inhliziyo yakhe ime.
Yingakho amadivayisi e-AED ehlaziya ngokuzenzakalelayo isigqi senhliziyo ngaphambi kokuletha ukushaqeka. Futhi ezibhedlela, udokotela oqeqeshiwe kuphela owenza lesi sinqumo.
Ukululama nokuphila okuzayo
Ukululama ekumisweni kwenhliziyo okungazelelwe kanye nokukhubazeka kwemisipha yenhliziyo kuwuhambo olude olungathatha izinyanga, ngisho neminyaka . Akuyona into eba ngcono ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili.
- Ukungakhululeki ngokomzimba: Ngesikhathi se-CPR, amathambo esifuba (izimbambo) angaphuka. Ubuhlungu buthatha isikhathi ukuphola. Kungase kube nokukhathala okukhulu, ubunzima bokuhamba, kanye nokuxhuzula okungenzeka.
- Ukwelashwa ngokomsebenzi nangokomzimba: Abantu abaningi bangase bakuthole kunzima ukubuyela emsebenzini nokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa okufana nokwelashwa ngokomsebenzi kanye nokwelashwa ngokomzimba kuyadingeka.
- Umthelela wengqondo: Kuthatha isikhathi ukululama ngokwengqondo ngemva kokubhekana nokuhlangenwe nakho okunjalo.
Uma une-ICD, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isebenza kahle. Ibhethri eliku-ICD yakho livame ukudinga ukushintshwa cishe njalo eminyakeni emihlanu. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthatha imithi udokotela wakho ayinikezayo ngokuqondile nangesikhathi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-defibrillator iyithuluzi eliwusizo elingasindisa izimpilo ngokulungisa izigqi ezithile zenhliziyo ezingavamile ezisongela impilo (ama-arrhythmia).
- Lokho ekwenzayo ukuletha ukushaqeka kukagesi enhliziyweni, "kuqalise kabusha" inqubo kagesi ephazamisekile futhi kunikeze inhliziyo ithuba lokubuyela esigqini sayo semvelo.
- Amadivayisi e-AED atholakala ezindaweni zomphakathi angasetshenziswa yinoma ubani ngaphandle kokuqeqeshwa kwezokwelapha ngokulandela imiyalelo yezwi.
- Uma usengozini enkulu ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo, udokotela wakho angase ancome i-wearable (WCD) noma i-implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD).
- Uma umuntu ewa equlekile phambi kwakho, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukushayela ucingo isevisi ye-ambulensi ka-1990 ngokushesha.
- Ukululama ekumisweni yinhliziyo ngokuzumayo kanye nokwelashwa kwe-defibrillation kuwuhambo olude. Ukubekezela, ukulandela iseluleko sezokwelapha, kanye nokusekelwa komndeni kubalulekile.
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