Ingabe othile oseduze nawe ushintshe ngokuzumayo? Kungaba ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.

Cabanga ngomuntu omthandayo, mhlawumbe umama wakho, ubaba, noma ugogo/umkhulu, ulaliswe esibhedlela ngenxa yokugula. Umuntu okhulume naye futhi wamazi izolo ngokuzumayo akakuboni, umemeza ngokwesaba, akazi ukuthi isikhathi sini, noma ukuthi ukuphi, futhi uziphatha ngendlela exakile. Ubungazizwa wesaba kakhulu futhi ushaqekile, akunjalo? Kwezokwelapha, lolu hlobo lokudideka kwengqondo okungazelelwe lubizwa ngokuthi i-delirium. Lokhu akuyona into engavamile njengoba ungase ucabange. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

Kalula nje, kuyini i-Delirium?

I-Delirium ukuphazamiseka okungazelelwe kokusebenza kobuchopho . Yisimo esingakhula ngokushesha emahoreni ambalwa noma ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Sibangela ukuthi ikhono lomuntu lokucabanga, ukukhumbula, ukugxila, nokuqonda okumzungezile liphazamiseke okwesikhashana.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-delirium?

I-Delirium ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko, ngokusekelwe endleleni isiguli esiziphatha ngayo.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-delirium?

Izimpawu ze-delirium zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Zingase zibuye zidlule, futhi zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu ebusuku .

Izici eziyinhloko ezibonakalayo:

• Ukuncipha kolwazi ngendawo ezungezile: Ukukhohlwa ukuthi zikuphi (esibhedlela noma ekhaya), ukuthi usuku luni, nokuthi isikhathi sini.
• Ukungakwazi ukugxila: Ubunzima bokugxila entweni eyodwa, ukuqhubeka nengxoxo, nokuphendula imibuzo ngendlela efanele.
• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo: Ukukhohlwa izehlakalo zakamuva, njengamagama amalungu omndeni.
• Ukudideka komcabango: Izingxoxo ziyadida. Ukugxuma kusuka kwesinye isihloko kuya kwesinye.
• Izinguquko zokuziphatha:
• Ukubona noma ukuzwa izinto ezingekho ngempela (ukubhula) .
• Ukukholelwa ngokuqinile ezintweni ezingelona iqiniso, isibonelo, ukucabanga ukuthi othile uzama ukukufaka ubuthi (ukukhohlisa) .
• Ukuphazamiseka kakhulu, ucasukile, futhi ukhathazekile .
• Noma, ukuthula kakhulu, ubuvila, nokulala.
• Izinguquko emizweni: Ngokungazelelwe uzizwa uthukuthele, wesaba, ukhathazekile, noma ujabule kakhulu. Le mizwa ishintsha ngokushesha.
• Izinguquko ezindleleni zokulala: Ukulala emini nokuvuka ebusuku. Ukulala kuyaphazamiseka ngokuphelele.

Ziyini izimbangela zokuphambuka kwengqondo?

Ukuhlanya akubangelwa ukucindezeleka esibhekana nakho ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke. Kubangelwa ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba okukhulu kakhulu ukuba umzimba noma ubuchopho bungakwazi ukukuthwala. Lapho ubuchopho bungenawo umoya-mpilo, izakhamzimba, noma ibhalansi yamakhemikhali obuwadingayo, ubuchopho buyayeka ukusebenza kahle.

Ezinye zezizathu ezivame kakhulu:

• Ukutheleleka okukhulu: ikakhulukazi ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo, ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu (i-pneumonia).
• Ukuhlinzwa Okukhulu: Ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo noma ukuhlinzwa kwenqulu.
• Imithi:Ukuthatha imithi ethile yokubulala izinhlungu, amaphilisi okulala, imithi yokungezwani komzimba, noma imithi eminingi ngesikhathi esisodwa.
• Utshwala noma izidakamizwa: zisebenzise noma uziyeke ngokuphelele.
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni noma ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo.
• Ukulimala ekhanda ngenxa yengozi.
• Izimo eziphuthumayo ezifana nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nohlangothi.
• Ukungalingani kwamazinga kasawoti (i-sodium, i-potassium) emzimbeni.
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu.
• Ukuqunjelwa noma ukungakwazi ukuchama.
• Indawo yasesibhedlela: Ukuba sendaweni ongayijwayele, ekamelweni elingenamafasitela, kanye nokuphazamiseka kokulala njalo.

Ukuphambana kwengqondo kungenzeka kakhulu nasekufeni, ikakhulukazi kulabo abathola ukunakekelwa kokunciphisa ubuhlungu.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo?

Nakuba ukuphambana kwengqondo kungavela kunoma yimuphi ubudala, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.

• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala.
• Abantu abake baba nenkinga ehlobene nenkumbulo njenge- dementia .
• Abantu abanenkinga yokubona noma yokuzwa.
• Abantu abake baba ne-delirium ngaphambilini.
• Labo abaye bahlinzwa kakhulu.
• Abantu abasebenzisa imithi eminingana ngesikhathi esisodwa.
• Abantu abanemizimba ebuthakathaka kakhulu futhi emincane.

Udokotela ukuthola kanjani lokhu?

Akukho ukuhlolwa okukodwa kokuxilonga i-delirium. Udokotela uzoyixilonga ngokucabangela izici eziningana ndawonye.

1. Ukubuza umndeni wesiguli ngezinguquko esimweni sabo sengqondo: Ukuthi ushintsho esimweni sengqondo sesiguli lwenzeke ngokushesha kangakanani, ukuthi yiziphi izinguquko ekuziphatheni. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuchaza ngokucacile lokho okubonayo kudokotela.

2. Ukuhlola isiguli: Ungabuza imibuzo embalwa elula ukuhlola ukunaka kwesiguli, inkumbulo, kanye nekhono lokucabanga. (Isibonelo: Usuku luni namuhla? Ukuphi? Ungakwazi yini ukubala emuva ngo-10?)

3. Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Umzimba uhlolwa ukuthi awunazo yini izifo noma ezinye izimpawu.

4. Ukuhlolwa: Kwenziwa ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene ukuthola imbangela eyisisekelo.

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi (hlola izifo, amazinga amathe)
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo (bheka izifo zomgudu womchamo)
• I-X-ray yesifuba
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-ECG (kuhlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo)
• Ngezinye izikhathi ukuskena kobuchopho (i-CT/MRI scan)

Iphathwa kanjani i-delirium?

Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa ukuthola nokwelapha inkinga eyisisekelo yomzimba ebangela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo . Isibonelo, ama-antibiotic okutheleleka noma usawoti wokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusetshenziswa izindlela zokusiza ukunikeza isiguli induduzo nokusigcina sizolile futhi siphephile.

Ukwelashwa okungeyona imithi

• Dala indawo ezolile nenokuthula: Yehlisa ivolumu kuthelevishini, cisha izibani ezikhanyayo, futhi wehlise inani labantu abasondela esigulini ngesikhathi esisodwa.
• Khuluma nesiguli njalo: Khuluma ngokuthula, ngamazwi alula. Ukusho izinto ezinjengokuthi, "Usesibhedlela, uzophila, silapha ngenxa yakho" kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukwesaba kwesiguli.
• Nikeza ulwazi ngendawo ezungezile: Beka iwashi elikhulu nekhalenda lapho isiguli singazibona khona. Gcina amafasitela evulekile emini.
• Ukuba seduze nomndeni: Ukubona ubuso obujwayelekile nokuzwa amazwi abathandekayo kuyimpumuzo enkulu esigulini.
• Ukusebenzisa izibuko nezinsiza zokuzwa: Uma unenkinga yokubona noma yokuzwa, kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ngemishini efanele izidingo zakho.
• Nikeza ukudla okunempilo kanye noketshezi oluhle.
• Uma kungenzeka, hambahamba kancane njengoba udokotela wakho ekweluleke: Lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu uma uhlala endaweni eyodwa.

Ukwelashwa ngemithi

Okwamanje akukho muthi othize ovunyelwe ukwelapha ukusangana. Kodwa-ke, uma isiguli sikhathazekile kakhulu futhi sisengozini yokuzilimaza sona noma abanye, udokotela angase anikeze umthamo ophansi kakhulu wohlobo lomuthi wokudambisa (i-antipsychotic) isikhathi esifushane.

Kungenzeka yini ukuthi ululame ngokuphelele ekuphazamisekeni kwengqondo?

Ezimweni eziningi, i-delirium iphela ngokuphelele ezinsukwini noma emavikini ambalwa uma imbangela eyimbangela seyelashwe. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu, ikakhulukazi labo asebekhulile noma abanezimo ezingaphansi ezifana ne-dementia, bangathatha izinyanga eziningana ukululama. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungase kube nokukhubazeka okuncane ememori noma emakhonweni okucabanga.

Ukusangana kuyinto eyesabekayo, kokubili esigulini kanye nasemndenini osiqaphile. Kodwa ngokuqashelwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okufanele, othandekayo wakho angalulama.