Uyayesaba yini i-dengue? Ake sazi lezi zinto ngokuqinisekile! (Umkhuhlane we-Dengue)

ESri Lanka, uma sithi "dengue", siyesaba kancane, akunjalo? Omiyane yonke indawo... Ngisho noma sithola umkhuhlane omncane, sisazizwa sesaba, "Angazi ukuthi lokhu kuyidengue." Lesi yisifo esivame kakhulu ezweni lakithi, futhi singaba yingozi. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukwazi ngokugcwele ngaso kunokwesaba. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngedengue, izimpawu zayo, ukuthi kwenzekani uma iba nkulu, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthi singazivikela kanjani.

Kalula nje, luyini udenga?

I-Dengue yisifo esisitholayo uma silunywa umiyane onegciwane le-Dengue Virus (DENV). Kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko zaleli gciwane. Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu emazweni ashisayo njengakithi.

Into eyodwa okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi i-dengue ayisona isifo esingadluliselwa ngqo kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye njengomkhuhlane ovamile. Kodwa-ke, uma umama okhulelwe ethola i-dengue, ingadluliselwa enganeni yakhe engakazalwa. Ngokuvamile, lapho ethola i-dengue okokuqala, izimpawu azibi zimbi kangako. Kodwa-ke, uma ephinde atheleleke ngegciwane elihlukile le-dengue , ingozi yokuthi lesi sifo sibe sibi kakhulu iphezulu kakhulu.

Kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe abantu abayizigidi ezingu-400 emhlabeni wonke bangenwa yi-dengue minyaka yonke. Kodwa into emangazayo ukuthi cishe u-80% walaba bantu ababonisi zimpawu.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-dengue? Ziyini izimpawu zesimo esibi kakhulu?

Iningi labantu abathola udenga ababonisi zimpawu, kodwa uma bezibona, zingaqala phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-4 neziyi-10 ngemva kokulunywa umiyane. Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuhlala phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-3 neziyi-7.

Ngizobeka lolu lwazi etafuleni ukuze kube lula ukuluqonda. Lesi sigaba sibaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ukukhumbula izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ze-dengue enzima.

Kungani i-dengue iyingozi kakhulu okwesibili?

Lena indaba eyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa ngizoyichaza kalula.

Cabanga ngesimiso somzimba wakho sokuzivikela njengebutho elivikela izwe.

• Ukuhlasela kokuqala: Lapho igciwane le-dengue (ake sithi uhlobo A) lingena emzimbeni okokuqala, ibutho lethu (amasosha omzimba) liyaqaphela leso sitha bese lenza izikhali ezikhethekile (esizibiza ngala ma-antibodies) ukuze lisibhubhise. Ngemva kwale mpi, ibutho lethu linenkumbulo nezikhali zokubhubhisa kalula lelo gciwane lohlobo A uma liphinde labuya. Ngakho uhlobo A aluphinde lukhule.

• Ukuhlasela kwesibili: Manje cabanga, ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, uhlobo oluhlukile lwegciwane le-dengue (ake sithi uhlobo B) lungena emzimbeni. Lesi sitha sifana kancane nalesi esake saba khona ngaphambili, kodwa asifani ncamashi. Ibutho lethu likhathazekile, futhi lithatha izikhali (ama-antibodies) ezenzelwe uhlobo A oludala bese lizama ukuzisebenzisa ngokumelene nalesi sitha esisha B.

Yilapho inkinga ikhona khona. Njengoba lezo zikhali ezindala zingafani nhlobo nesitha esisha, esikhundleni sokusibhubhisa, lezo zikhali zisiza igciwane elisha ukuthi lingene emangqamuzaneni emizimba yethu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ukuthuthukiswa okuxhomeke ku-Antibody" kwisayensi yezokwelapha. Ngenxa yalokho, igciwane lisakazeka ngokushesha emzimbeni, futhi lesi sifo siba sibi kakhulu. Kalula nje, uhlelo lwethu lokuzivikela lusiza isitha sesibili ngokungazi.

Iphathwa kanjani i-dengue?

Akukho muthi othize okwamanje wokubulala igciwane le-dengue. Ngakho-ke esingakwenza nje ukulawula izimpawu nokusiza umzimba ukuthi uphulukiswe. Uma usola ukuthi une-dengue, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Uzokunikeza iseluleko esidingekayo.

Nanka amathiphu ajwayelekile:

• Phuza amanzi amaningi kanye noketshezi: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina umzimba umanzi. Izinto ezifana namanzi, iphalishi, isobho, kanye nejusi yezithelo zinhle kakhulu.
• Phumula ngangokunokwenzeka: Umzimba udinga amandla okulwa nesifo. Ngakho-ke phumula ngokwanele.
• Thatha i-acetaminophen kuphela ngenxa yomkhuhlane nobuhlungu: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu . Ungaphuzi imithi yokubulala izinhlungu njenge-Ibuprofen (njenge-Advil), i-Aspirin, noma i-Diclofenac Sodium (njenge-Voltaren) nganoma yisiphi isizathu. Le mithi ikhulisa kakhulu ingozi yokopha. Lokhu kungaba yingozi empilweni.

Ungazivikela kanjani ku-dengue?

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela ku-dengue ukuvimbela ukulunywa omiyane nokugwema ukulunywa omiyane.

• Susa izindawo zokugcina amanzi: Hlanza njalo izinto ezizungeze amakhaya ethu eziqoqa amanzi, njengamathayi, amagobolondo kakhukhunathi, amathini angenalutho, kanye nezimbiza zezimbali. Hlola ukuthi amapayipi avaliwe yini.
• Sebenzisa izinto zokuxosha omiyane: Faka isixosha omiyane esine-DEET esikhumbeni sakho ukuze uzivikele komiyane, ikakhulukazi ekuseni nakusihlwa.
• Gqoka izingubo ezimboza isikhumba sakho: Gqoka amabhulukwe amade nezingubo ezinemikhono emide ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Sebenzisa amanethi omiyane: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa inethi yomiyane uma ulele ebusuku, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona izingane ezincane neziguli.
• Faka izikrini eminyango nasemafasiteleni: Nciphisa amathuba omiyane ukungena endlini.