Ingabe ukuqubuka kwesikhumba sakho kanye nemisipha yakho kubuthakathaka? Ake sixoxe nge-dermatomyositis!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uthola ukuqubuka kwesikhumba okungajwayelekile? Ingabe uzizwa ubuthakathaka kancane emisipheni yakho? Mhlawumbe udinga ukwazi ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-dermatomyositis. Yisifo esingavamile, kodwa kufanelekile ukusazi.

Kuyini i-Dermatyositis?

Kalula nje, i-dermatomyositis yisimo esingavamile esenza imisipha yakho ibe buthaka futhi sibangele ukuqubuka okufana ne-eczema . Kungokweqembu elikhulu lezifo ezibizwa ngokuthi i-myopathy. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuthinta imisipha. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma iba nzima , ingathinta ngisho nokuphefumula nokugwinya. Cabanga ngakho, imisipha yethu yiyo esenza sinyakaze, ngakho-ke kunzima kangakanani uma yonakele.

I-Dermatyositis uhlobo lwesinye isifo semisipha esibizwa ngokuthi i-polymyositis. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu, ngaphezu kwemisipha, isikhumba siyathinteka. Yingakho igama elithi 'derma' (eliphathelene nesikhumba) lenezelwa egameni.

Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ngokushesha. Kwezinye izimo, lezi zimpawu zingathatha izinyanga ukuthi zivele. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi zingavela ngokushesha kakhulu. Uma ukwelashwa kuqalwe kusenesikhathi, izinkinga ezinkulu zingavinjelwa kakhulu.

Nakuba kungavamile kakhulu, lesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi i-dermatomyositis , singasongela impilo, ikakhulukazi phakathi nonyaka wokuqala ngemva kokuqala kwezimpawu. Kutholakale nokuthi sandisa ingozi yokuthola izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Dermatyositis ne-Lupus?

I-dermatomyositis yisimo esifana ne-lupus nezinye izifo ezibangelwa amasosha omzimba. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe abakakazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela i-dermatomyositis. Yingakho ingahlukaniswa njengesimo esibangelwa amasosha omzimba.

Manje, uma une-lupus, ungase uzwe ubuhlungu bamalunga, ukuzwela kwesikhumba kanye ne-eczema, kanye nezinkinga ngezitho zakho zangaphakathi (ikakhulukazi ubuchopho bakho, amaphaphu, izinso, kanye nenhliziyo). Izimpawu zakho zingase zivele zivele ziphele, bese zibuya ngamagagasi - lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ukuqubuka.

Kodwa-ke, i-dermatomyositis ibonakala ngobuthakathaka bemisipha nokufa kwezicubu , kanye nokuqubuka kwesikhumba. Kutholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, kanye nokuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kwezithombe.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-dermatomyositis noma i-lupus, kubalulekile ukuyixilonga nokuyilapha ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha, bheka udokotela ngokushesha.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi sifo? Sivame kangakanani?

I-dermatomyositis ingathinta noma ubani, kodwa amanye amaqembu anamathuba amaningi okuba nayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Izingane ezincane eziphakathi kweminyaka emi-5 neyi-15.
• Abantu abadala abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-40 no-60 ubudala.
• Abesifazane.

Kufanele futhi kuqashelwe ukuthi lesi sifo asivamile kakhulu . Ngokwesilinganiso, umuntu oyedwa kuphela kwabayi-100,000 othola lesi sifo ngonyaka. Ngakho-ke ungabona ukuthi lokhu kuyivelakancane kangakanani.

Lesi simo sithinta kanjani umzimba wakho? Ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza?

Isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-dermatomyositis singathinta umzimba wakho impilo yakho yonke.

Cabanga nje, uma lokhu kulimaza kakhulu imisipha yakho, ungase ungakwazi ukusebenzisa noma ukuhambisa ingxenye yomzimba wakho kahle. Lokhu kuvame ukuthatha iminyaka ukukhula. Kodwa abanye abantu bangase babe nobuthakathaka obukhulu bemisipha ngokushesha kunabanye.

Okunye ukuthi i-dermatomyositis nayo itholakale ukuthi yandisa ingozi yokuthola izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza .

I-dermatyositis kanye nomdlavuza

Cishe abantu abayi-15% abane-dermatomyositis baba nomdlavuza kamuva ekuphileni. Izinhlobo zomdlavuza ezivame kakhulu ezibonakala kubantu abane-dermatomyositis yilezi:

• Umdlavuza wesibeletho
• Umdlavuza wamaphaphu
• I-Lymphoma
• Umdlavuza webele
• Umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu

Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngengozi yakho yomdlavuza nokuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ongazidinga.

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo?

Izimpawu ezimbili eziyinhloko nezivame kakhulu ze-dermatomyositis ubuthakathaka bemisipha kanye nokuqubuka kwesikhumba.

Abanye abantu bangase babe nobuthakathaka bemisipha kanye nokuqubuka kwesikhumba ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi uphawu olulodwa lungase lube khona amasonto, izinyanga, noma ngisho neminyaka ngaphandle kolunye.

Ubuthakathaka bemisipha

Ubuthakathaka bemisipha bungenza kube nzima ngawe ukwenza ezinye izinto zansuku zonke. Isibonelo:

• Ukuhlala uqonde.
• Ukuvuka esimweni sokuhlala (njengokusuka esihlalweni noma kusofa).
• Ukukhuphuka izitebhisi.
• Ukuvuka elele embhedeni.
• Ukugeza izinwele zakho.

Cabanga ukuthi ubungazizwa ungenamandla kangakanani ukube ubungenakukwazi ukwenza izinto ezilula njengalezi.

I-Eczema

I-dermatomyositis ingabangela ukuqubuka esikhumbeni sakho (ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezivezwe elangeni ). Isikhumba singashintsha umbala futhi sivuvuke. Izindawo ezivame kakhulu lapho kuvela khona lokhu kuqubuka yilezi:

• Ama-eyelashes kanye namehlo azungezile.
• Ingaphambili lesifuba namahlombe (ngezinye izikhathi libizwa ngokuthi 'ukuqhuma kwezimpawu ze-V').
• Ingemuva lentamo namahlombe (okubizwa nangokuthi 'i-shawl sign rash').
• Ugebhezi.

Ezinye izimpawu

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-dermatomyositis ingabangela nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba kanye namaqhubu ezandleni, ikakhulukazi eduze kwamaqhubu (ngezinye izikhathi abizwa ngokuthi ama-Gottron papules).
• I-calcium ifakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba, ngaphakathi kwemisipha, noma ezicutshini ezixhumeneyo.
• Amaqhubu emadolweni noma ezindololwaneni.
• Isikhumba esiqhekeka nxazonke kozipho kanye nemithambo yegazi ebonakalayo esicongweni sozipho.
• Ubuhlungu bamalunga.

Abanye abantu (ikakhulukazi izingane ezincane) bahlakulela i-dermatomyositis, bakhule bayiqede lapho sebekhulile, futhi abaphinde babe nezimpawu. Kodwa-ke, cishe ku-80% wamacala, iba yisifo esingamahlalakhona - okusho ukuthi sibuya njalo - futhi sibangele izimpawu kukho konke ukuphila.

Yini ebangela lokhu?

Ochwepheshe abakayazi imbangela eqondile ye-dermatomyositis, kodwa kunezici eziningana okucatshangwa ukuthi zibangela lokhu:

• Izici zofuzo: Ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi i-dermatomyositis ingaba yisifo sofuzo, okusho ukuthi ingadluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane.
• Izinkinga zokuzivikela komzimba: Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, i-dermatomyositis iyisifo esifana nezifo eziningi zokuzivikela komzimba lapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela khona izicubu ezinempilo.
• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane: Kunobufakazi bokuthi abanye abantu bangase babe nokutheleleka ngegciwane, ngisho noma sekuphelile, okungadala isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-dermatomyositis.
• Izici Zemvelo: Ezinye izifundo zithole nokuthi abantu abahlala ezindaweni ezinezinga eliphezulu lokungcola noma ikhwalithi yomoya ephansi banamathuba amaningi okuthola i-dermatomyositis.

Lesi sifo sitholakala kanjani?

I-dermatyositis ivame ukutholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi kanye namasampula amancane athathwe esikhumbeni sakho nasemisipheni (ama-biopsy) .

Udokotela wakho uzohlola igazi lakho ukuze abone:

• Ingabe kukhona amazinga akhuphukile ama-enzyme athile emisipha abonisa ukulimala kwemisipha.
• Ama-autoantibodies amaseli abonisa ukuthi isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sisabela entweni esiyibona njengeyingozi.

Kungase kudingeke futhi ukuthi kuthathwe i-biopsy yesikhumba kusukela ekuqubukeni. Udokotela wakho angase afune futhi ukuthatha i-biopsy yemisipha ukuze ahlole ukuvuvukala ngaphakathi kwemisipha yakho.

Ungase futhi ube nokuhlolwa okuningana kwezithombe. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvumela udokotela wakho ukuthi ahlole imisipha yakho, imizwa, amaphaphu, kanye nezinye izitho zomzimba. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi izimpawu zakho zibangelwa yi-dermatomyositis noma enye inkinga. Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe okuvame kakhulu okusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga i-dermatomyositis yile:

• Isithombe Sokuzwakala Kwe-Magnetic (MRI)
• I-X-ray yesifuba.

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angase futhi akuyalele ukuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-electromyography (EMG). Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa umsebenzi kagesi owenzeka lapho imisipha noma imizwa ivuselelwa.

Iphathwa kanjani?

Nazi ezinye zezindlela zokwelapha i-dermatomyositis:

• Ama-Corticosteroids: Lolu hlobo lomuthi lunciphisa ukuvuvukala emisipheni yakho.
• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba: Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba (kanye nokuzivocavoca ngokujwayelekile) kungasiza ekwakheni kabusha umonakalo owenziwe yimisipha yakho. Uma imisipha yakho iqina, izokwazi ukumelana kangcono nomonakalo obangelwa yi-dermatomyositis.
• Imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba: Le mithi ivimba amasosha omzimba wakho ekuhlaseleni amangqamuzana nezicubu ezinempilo. Inganciphisa umonakalo owenziwa yisistimu yokuzivikela yomzimba wakho emisipheni yakho.
• I-immunoglobulin efakwa emthanjeni (IVIg): I-IVIg iyisengezo se-plasma yegazi lakho, okuyingxenye ye-immunoglobulin ekhona ngokwemvelo egazini lakho. Ukwelashwa kwe-IVIg kunganikezwa kanye nemithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba, noma njengokwelashwa okunye.
• Ukwelashwa Kwenkulumo: Uma unobuthakathaka emisipheni emphinjeni wakho noma eduze kwawo, ukwelashwa kwenkulumo kungaqinisa imisipha emphinjeni wakho ekusiza ukuthi ugwinye ukudla.

Uhlobo lokwelashwa oludingayo luzoncika ekutheni izimpawu zakho zikuphi nokuthi zimbi kangakanani. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokho ongakulindela nokuthi nini lapho kungadingeka khona ukwelashwa okuthile.

Ungazilawula kanjani izimpawu?

Ukulawula izimpawu ze-dermatomyositis cishe kungaba inqubo yesikhathi eside - mhlawumbe impilo yakho yonke.

• Uma udokotela wakho, uchwepheshe wezokwelapha ngokomzimba, noma uchwepheshe wezokwelapha ukukhuluma ekunika izivivinyo, zenze njengoba kuqondiswe, ngokwenani lezikhathi abakutshela zona. Lokhu kuzosiza ukugcina imisipha yakho iqinile ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Thatha umuthi njengoba nje udokotela emyalele, sonke isikhathi.
• Gwema ukuchayeka emisebeni ye-UV. Nciphisa isikhathi sakho elangeni, gwema ukusebenzisa imibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba ngaphakathi, futhi uhlale endlini noma emthunzini uma ungaphandle.
• Njalo uma wazi ukuthi uyaphumaSebenzisa isithako sokuvikela ilanga. Qiniseka ukuthi isithako sakho sokuvikela ilanga sine-SPF okungenani engu-50, bese usiphinda usifake njalo emahoreni amabili.

Uma une-dermatomyositis, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho njalo. Angaqapha izimpawu zakho futhi ahlole noma yiziphi izinguquko emisipheni noma esikhumbeni sakho.

Yini ongayilindela uma uphila nalesi sifo?

Ayikho ikhambi elihlala njalo le-dermatomyositis, ngakho-ke ungalindela ukulawula izimpawu zakho impilo yakho yonke.

Ngisho noma ukwelashwa kwelashwa, cishe abantu abangu-80% bane-dermatomyositis engapheli (ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi i-polycyclic dermatomyositis). Lokhu kusho ukuthi izimpawu zakho zingase zivele zidlule impilo yakho yonke. Bona udokotela ngokushesha nje lapho ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu zezimpawu eziya ziba zimbi kakhulu.

Cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zabantu abane-dermatomyositis bakhubazeka ngokomzimba ngenxa yokulimala kwemisipha.

I-dermatomyositis ibulala cishe kubantu abangu-5% abatholakale benalesi sifo. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu phakathi nonyaka wokuqala wokuxilongwa. Kodwa-ke, cishe abantu abangu-20% abane-dermatomyositis bayalulama isikhathi eside. Lokhu kusho ukuthi bangaphila ngaphandle kwezimpawu isikhathi eside.

Ezinye izimpawu nezinye izici zingandisa ingozi yokufa. Izibonelo zifaka:

• Uma ukwelashwa kubambezeleka isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha.
• Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-60 ubudala.
• Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinzima.
• Uma unezimpawu emphinjeni wakho, emaphashini, noma enhliziyweni.
• Uma unomdlavuza noma uma uqala ukuba musha.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma ubona ubuthakathaka obusha emisipheni yakho, ikakhulukazi uma unesifo sokuvuvukala kwesikhumba, bheka udokotela ngokushesha. Uma i-dermatomyositis itholakala ngokushesha, kulapho ungaqala khona ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Lokhu kunganciphisa ingozi yezimpawu ezinzima nezinye izinkinga.

Buza futhi ukuthi kufanele ubonane kangaki nodokotela wakho ukuze aqaphe izimpawu zakho kanye nezinguquko emisipheni noma esikhumbeni sakho.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho?

Kuvamile ukuba nemibuzo lapho ufunda ngesifo esinjengalesi. Ungabuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Ingabe ngine-dermatomyositis noma esinye isimo?
• Hlobo luni lokuhlolwa okudingeka ngilwenze?
• Hlobo luni lokwelashwa engiludingayo, futhi kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani?
• Ingabe ngizodinga ukuhlolwa komdlavuza?

Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kakhulu uma uthola ukuthi unesifo esifana ne-dermatomyositis.Kuyashaqisa ukufunda ngesimo esibulalayo, esingase sibe khona impilo yakho yonke. Kodwa thatha isinyathelo ngasinye. Uma usheshe watholakala ukuthi unaso lesi sifo, kulapho ungaqala khona ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlela uhambo lwakho lokwelashwa kanye nokulawula izimpawu. Uzochaza ukuthi yini ongayilindela ngokulandelayo nokuthi yiziphi izinguquko okudingeka uzenze ukuze ulungiselele uma izimpawu zakho ze-dermatomyositis ziba zimbi kakhulu.

Izinto okufanele uzikhumbule kafushane

I-Dermatyositis yisifo esingavamile esibangela ubuthakathaka bemisipha kanye nokuqubuka kwesikhumba.

• Lokhu kungavela kunoma ubani, kodwa kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-5-15, kubantu abadala abaneminyaka engu-40-60, kanye nabesifazane.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha nje lapho ubona izimpawu. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kunganciphisa izinkinga.
• Nakuba kungekho ikhambi elihlala njalo lalokhu, izimpawu zingalawulwa ngokwelashwa nokuphathwa.
• Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngengozi yakho yomdlavuza.
• Ungakhathazeki, awuwedwa. Ngosizo lodokotela nabathandekayo bakho, ungabhekana nalesi simo.

I- dermatomyositis, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, izifo zesikhumba, ukuqubuka, izifo zokuzivikela komzimba, ingozi yomdlavuza, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba