Izinso ezimbili emzimbeni wethu zifana nezihlungi ezimbili ezinkulu. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wezinso ukuhlunga yonke imfucuza kanye noketshezi olungadingekile emzimbeni bese kukhishwa njengomchamo. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene ezifana nesifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukusebenza kwalezi zinso kungancipha kancane kancane. Lapho izinso sezingasebenzi kahle ngokuphelele, imfucuza iqoqana emzimbeni futhi ibe yingozi enkulu empilweni. Yilapho-ke sidinga khona ukwelashwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-dialysis.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-dialysis?
I-Dialysis inqubo eyenziwa ngokwenziwa lapho izinso zakho zihluleka, kusetshenziswa umshini noma enye indlela yokwenza umsebenzi okufanele wenziwe yizinso zakho. Ukuze kube sobala, kuhilela ukuthatha igazi lakho, ukuhlunga imfucuza (njenge-urea ne-creatinine) kanye noketshezi olungadingekile, nokubuyisela igazi elihlanziwe emzimbeni wakho. Lokhu akuziphulukisi izinso zakho, kodwa kusiza izinso zakho ukuba zenze umsebenzi wazo, zikuvumele ukuthi uphile impilo enempilo.
Hlobo luni lwabantu abadinga i-dialysis?
I-Dialysis iyadingeka kubantu abanesifo sezinso sesigaba sokugcina (i-ESKD), okusho ukuthi ukusebenza kwezinso zabo kwehle ngaphezu kuka-15%. Kunezimbangela eziningana eziyinhloko zokwehluleka kwezinso.
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme
- Isifo sikashukela
- Izifo zamasosha omzimba ezifana ne-lupus
Ngezinye izikhathi izinso zingase zingasebenzi kahle ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukugula noma ingozi engathi sína kungabangela ukwehluleka kwezinso okungazelelwe (ukwehluleka kwezinso okukhulu). Esimweni esinjalo, kunethuba lokuthi izinso zizolulama.
I-Dialysis iyisimo esibucayi. Uma udokotela wakho enquma ukuthi udinga i-dialysis kodwa ungayenzi, imfucuza enobuthi inganqwabelana emzimbeni wakho (uremia) bese iba yingozi empilweni. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha esindisa impilo.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-dialysis.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-dialysis. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu kuwe, ngokusekelwe endleleni ophila ngayo kanye nesimo sakho sempilo.
| Uhlobo lwe-dialysis | Kwenzeka kanjani | Isikhathi kanye nokuvama |
|---|---|---|
| I-Hemodialysis | Igazi lithathwa emthanjeni osengalweni, lidluliselwe emshinini (i-dialyzer) ukuze lihlanzwe, bese libuyiselwa emzimbeni. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa esibhedlela noma esikhungweni se-dialysis. | Cishe izinsuku ezintathu ngesonto, amahora amathathu kuya kwamane ngesikhathi. |
| I-Dialysis ye-Peritoneal | Ipayipi (i-catheter) lifakwa emgodini wesisu (ngaphakathi kwesisu), kufakwa uketshezi olukhethekile (i-dialysate) ngalo, bese igazi lihlanzwa kusetshenziswa ulwelwesi lwesisu (i-peritoneum). Lokhu kungenziwa ekhaya. | Ungakwenza izikhathi ezi-3-5 ngosuku (imizuzu engama-30-40 ngayinye) noma ebusuku ngenkathi ulele nomshini (amahora angu-8-10). |
I-Hemodialysis
Lena yindlela evame kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokuqala lokhu kwelashwa, kwakheka umthambo omkhulu wegazi (i-fistula) ngokuxhuma umthambo nomthambo engalweni yakho. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kube lula ukuthatha igazi uliyise emshinini wokuhlanza igazi.
I-Dialysis ye-Peritoneal
Ngaphambi kokuqala le nqubo, kufakwa ipayipi elithambile (i-catheter) ngokuhlinzwa esiswini sakho. Isibhedlela sizokufundisa ukuthi ungayifaka kanjani futhi uyikhiphe kanjani le nto ekhaya. Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwenza lokhu:
- I-CAPD (I-Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis): Kulokhu, ushintsha uketshezi ngesandla izikhathi eziningana ngosuku.
- I-APD (I-Automated Peritoneal Dialysis): Lokhu kuhilela ukushintshaniswa koketshezi okuzenzakalelayo kusetshenziswa umshini ngenkathi ulele.
Ingabe zikhona izingozi zokuhlanza igazi nge-dialysis?
Yebo, zombili izindlela zokwelapha zinezingozi ezithile. Ingozi enkulu ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kube nokutheleleka.
- Ngesikhathi se-hemodialysis: izinto ezifana nokujikeleza kwegazi okungekuhle, amahlule egazi, kanye nezibazi endaweni yokufaka inaliti zingavela.
- I-Peritoneal dialysis: I-Peritonitis iwukutheleleka kolwelwesi lwesisu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imisipha yesisu ingase ibe buthaka futhi kuvele i-hernia.
Udokotela wakho uzokwazisa ngokugcwele ngazo zonke lezi zingozi.
Ungakwazi yini ukuphila impilo evamile ngenkathi usebenzisa i-dialysis?
Yebo ungakwazi. Iningi labantu abasebenzisa i-dialysis baqhubeka nemisebenzi yabo, izimpilo zemindeni yabo, kanye nezinto abazithandayo njengokujwayelekile. Ungahamba ngisho nokuhamba. Uma usebenzisa i-hemodialysis, udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uxhumane nesikhungo se-dialysis endaweni yakini. Uma usebenzisa i-peritoneal dialysis, ungathatha izikhwama zoketshezi ezidingekayo kanye nomshini.
Ukuzivocavoca umzimba nakho kuhle. Kodwa-ke, uma usebenzisa i-peritoneal dialysis, kungadingeka unciphise eminye imisebenzi enzima ngenkathi isisu sakho sigcwele uketshezi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu bese uthola iseluleko.
Isikhathi sokufonela udokotela ngokushesha
Uma uhlangabezana nesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu.
| Isici sengozi | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu zokutheleleka | Umkhuhlane, ukubanda, ikhanda elibuhlungu, kanye nokukhishwa kwamanzi, ukubomvu, noma ukushintsha kombala endaweni yepayipi. |
| Izimpawu zomfutho wegazi ophansi | Isiyezi, ukuquleka, ukoma okungavamile. |
| Ubuhlungu besisu | Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu obuqhubekayo (ikakhulukazi kubantu abasebenzisa i-peritoneal dialysis). |
| Ezinye izici | Ubunzima bokuchama, isicanucanu nokuhlanza, ukuvuvukala okungavamile esiswini noma embotsheni (izimpawu ze-hernia). |
I-Dialysis iyindlela yokwelapha ebalulekile ekugcina uphila futhi uphilile kuze kube yilapho ufakwa izinso. Kuthatha isikhathi esincane futhi kwenza umehluko omkhulu empilweni yakho, kodwa kukunikeza impilo yakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Dialysis iyindlela yokwelapha esindisa impilo yokwehluleka kwezinso, hhayi ikhambi.
- Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-hemodialysis kanye ne-peritoneal dialysis. Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukhethe indlela engcono kakhulu kuwe.
- Abantu abaningi bayakwazi ukuphila impilo ematasa, okuhlanganisa nomsebenzi kanye nempilo yomndeni, ngenkathi bethola ukwelashwa nge-dialysis.
- Hlala uqaphile izimpawu zokutheleleka, ubuhlungu obukhulu, kanye nesiyezi. Uma unenkinga, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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