Wake wabona inani elibizwa nge-eGFR uma ubheka umbiko wegazi? Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho ukutshelile ngakho. Nakuba kungase kubonakale kuyinkimbinkimbi kubantu abaningi, empeleni kuwukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu okulinganisa ukuthi izinso zethu zisebenza kahle kangakanani. Namuhla, sizokhuluma kalula nangendlela enesizotha ngokuthi iyini le-eGFR, ukuthi isho ukuthini, nokuthi lezo zindinganiso zisho ukuthini.
Kalula nje, iyini i-eGFR?
Incazelo ephelele ye-eGFR ithi Isilinganiso Sokuhlunga Se-Glomerular Esilinganiselwe . Ungesabi, amagama makhulu, kodwa indaba ilula kakhulu.
Cabanga nje ukuthi izinso zakho zinezigidi zezihlungi ezincane ngaphakathi kwazo. Zifana nesihlungi setiye. Lezi zihlungi zihlunga imfucuza engafuneki egazini lethu, ziyihlanze, bese zikhipha leyo mfucuza emzimbeni wethu ngomchamo. Kwezokwelapha, lezi zihlungi ezincane sizibiza ngokuthi i-glomeruli .
Ngakho-ke, i-eGFR iyinani elibala ukuthi lingakanani igazi elihlanzwa ngomzuzu owodwa yilezi zihlungi ezibizwa ngokuthi i-glomeruli. Lokhu akukalwa ngokuqondile, kodwa leli nani libalwa (lilinganiselwa) ngokulinganisa i-creatinine kusampula yegazi lakho bese ulifaka kufomula enezinto ezifana neminyaka yakho, ubulili, njll. Yingakho ibizwa ngokuthi i-GFR "Elinganiselwe".
Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvumela odokotela ukuthi bathole izimpawu zokuqala zezinkinga ekusebenzeni kwezinso zakho, ikakhulukazi isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona (CKD) .
Kungani udokotela ecela ukuhlola inani le-eGFR?
Ngokuvamile uhlolwa i-eGFR yakho njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile, okwenziwa minyaka yonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma unezinye zezinto eziyingozi ezibalwe ngezansi, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa kwe-eGFR ukuze aqaphe impilo yezinso zakho.
- Uma unesifo sikashukela .
- Uma une- high blood pressure (umfutho wegazi ophakeme) .
- Uma unesifo senhliziyo .
- Uma kukhona emndenini (umama, ubaba, abafowabo nodadewabo) onomlando wesifo sezinso .
- Uma inkomba yesisindo somzimba (i-BMI) ingaphezu kuka-25 (isisindo esingaphezulu).
- Uma unezifo zomgudu womchamo ezivame ukwenzeka (UTIs) noma ukuvaleka komgudu womchamo.
- Uma unezinkinga zokuzalwa ezithinta izinso.
- Uma uke wafakelwa izinso .
Ezimweni ezinjalo, ingozi yokulimala kwezinso iphezulu. Ngakho-ke, umgomo kadokotela ukuhlola njalo inani le-eGFR nokuthola noma yiziphi izinkinga kusenesikhathi.
Kuyini i-Creatinine ne-Cystatin C?
Sixoxe ngendlela yokubala i-eGFR. Into eyinhloko esetshenziswa kulokho yi-creatinine.
- I-Creatinine: Kalula nje, lokhu kuwumkhiqizo ongcolile okhiqizwa lapho imisipha yethu isebenza. Uma sihamba, sigijima, noma senza noma yimuphi umsebenzi, sisebenzisa amandla emisipha. Umkhiqizo ongcolile obizwa ngokuthi i-creatinine okhiqizwa phakathi nale nqubo uqoqana egazini. Izinso eziphilile ziyawuhlunga egazini bese ziwukhipha emchameni. Kodwa-ke , lapho izinso zingasebenzi kahle, le creatinine iqala ukuqongelela egazini esikhundleni sokuhluzwa. Ukwanda kwezinga le-creatinine egazini kusho ukuthi inqubo yokuhlunga izinso iyancipha.
- I-Cystatin C: Ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala noma abantu abanemisipha eminingi, i-creatinine iyodwa ingase inganikezi isithombe esinembile. Amazinga e-Creatinine nawo athintwa yizici ezifana nobukhulu bemisipha, ubudala, kanye nokudla. Ezimweni ezinjalo, odokotela bazohlola izinga leprotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-Cystatin C egazini. Lokhu kukhiqizwa amaseli emzimbeni wethu, ngakho-ke ubukhulu bemisipha abunawo umphumela obalulekile.
Ingabe ngidinga ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-eGFR?
Yebo. Lolu vivinyo olubucayi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke ukuze uthole ukufundwa okunembile kakhulu, udinga ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo. Ungase ucelwe ukuthi:
- Zila ukudla amahora ambalwa (ungaphuza amanzi kuphela).
- Yeka ukudla inyama usuku noma ezimbili ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
- Yeka ukuthatha imithi ethile oyithathayo isikhashana (qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu).
Uma ungayilandeli ngokucophelela le miyalelo, ukufundwa kwe-eGFR yakho kungase kungabi yiqiniso. Ngakho-ke, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo. Ukuhlolwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngokuthatha igazi elincane emthanjeni osengalweni yakho. Kuyinqubo elula ethatha imizuzu embalwa nje.
Zisitshelani izindinganiso ze-eGFR? Amacala esifo sezinso
Kulungile, manje ake singene ezintweni ezibalulekile. Lisho ukuthini inani le-eGFR embikweni wakho?
Isilinganiso se-eGFR somuntu omdala onempilo singaba ngu-100. Kujwayelekile ukuthi leli nani lehle kancane kancane njengoba sikhula, noma ngabe akukho sifo.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, uma i-eGFR yakho ihlala ingaphansi kwama-60 isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu , udokotela angase ayithole njengesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona (CKD).
Isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona (CKD) sihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezi-5 eziyinhloko ngokusekelwe ku-eGFR. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Isiteji | Inani le-eGFR | Incazelo |
|---|---|---|
| Isigaba 1 | Ngaphezulu kuka-90 | Ngisho noma izinso zonakele kancane, zisasebenza kahle futhi ngokuvamile azibonisi zimpawu. |
| Isigaba sesi-2 | Phakathi kuka-60 - 89 | Umonakalo wezinso ukhule kancane, kodwa zisasebenza kahle. |
| Isigaba 3 | Phakathi kuka-30 - 59 | Ukusebenza kwezinso kwehle kakhulu. Kuleli qophelo, kungase kuvele ezinye izimpawu (njengokukhathala kanye nemilenze evuvukele). |
| Isigaba 4 | Phakathi kuka-15 - 29 | Ukusebenza kwezinso kwehle kakhulu. Lesi yisimo esibucayi. |
| Isigaba 5 | Ngaphansi kweminyaka eyi-15 | Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukwehluleka kwezinso . Izinso zisebenza ngaphansi kuka-15%. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma ukufakelwa kwezinso kuyadingeka ukuze kugcinwe impilo. |
Kwenzekani ngokulandelayo uma inani le-eGFR lingajwayelekile?
Uma i-eGFR yakho iphansi, udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi ungakhathazeki futhi uzoyala ukuhlolwa okumbalwa ukuze athole imbangela eqondile.
- Ukuhlolwa komchamo: Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhlola iphrotheni (ikakhulukazi i-albumin) noma igazi emchameni. Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokuqala zokulimala kwezinso.
- I-Kidney Ultrasound/CT Scan: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ukubona ubukhulu nesimo sezinso, nokuthi ngabe kukhona amatshe noma izimila.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwezinso: Ngezinye izikhathi, kuthathwa ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu ezinso bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Lokhu kusiza ekutholeni ukuthi lesi sifo siyini nokuthi sibi kangakanani.
Yiziphi izimpawu ezidinga ukubona udokotela?
Isifo sezinso ngokuvamile asibonisi zimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala. Yingakho ukuhlolwa okufana ne-eGFR kubalulekile. Kodwa njengoba isifo siqhubeka, ungase uzibone lezi zinto. Uma unazo, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Ukuzizwa sengathi uchama kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.
- Isikhumba esomile nesilumayo.
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
- Ukuvuvukala kwezandla, izinyawo, namaqakala.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
- Ukuqhaqhazela kwemisipha.
- Ubumnyama besikhumba.
Lezi zimpawu zingaba futhi izimpawu zezinye izifo. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukungesabi bese ucela iseluleko sezokwelapha ukuze uthole imbangela eqondile.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-eGFR ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula okukala ukuthi izinso zakho zihlanza igazi lakho kahle kangakanani.
- Inani elinempilo licishe libe yi-100. Kujwayelekile ukuthi leli nani lehle kancane njengoba iminyaka ikhula.
- Uma inani le-eGFR lihlala lingaphansi kuka-60 isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu, kungaba uphawu lwesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona (CKD).
- Kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo senhliziyo, kanye nomlando womndeni wesifo sezinso ukuthi baqaphe njalo i-eGFR yabo.
- Uma unemibuzo mayelana nenani lakho le-eGFR, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho. Ungenzi izinqumo zakho ngempilo yakho ngokusekelwe olwazini olutholakala ku-inthanethi.
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