Sonke sibhekana nezikhathi lapho sizizwa singaphilile ngokuzumayo, akunjalo? Ukuzizwa sibuthakathaka, sinezinhlungu, noma sizama ukuphefumula kungaba yinto eyesabekayo ngempela. Le mizwa ingaba yizimpawu zokuthi umzimba wakho ubhekene nenkinga enkulu, eyisisekelo. Namuhla, iNirogi Lanka ifuna ukukusiza uqonde isimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esibucayi nesisongela impilo esaziwa ngokuthi 'i-Distributive Shock' . Uma uke wabhekana nalezi zimpawu, sicela ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha ngokushayela u-911 noma izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo zasendaweni.
Kuyini 'Ukwethuka Kokusabalalisa'? Kalula nje…
Kalula nje, i-Distributive Shock iyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esibucayi. Kwenzeka lapho imithambo yegazi yakho ivuleka ngokuzumayo—noma ivuleka—ngokweqile, njengepayipi lerabha elinwetshiwe kakhulu. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Vasodilatory Shock' . Lapho le mithambo ivuleka, umfutho wegazi wakho wehla kakhulu. Cabanga ngakho njengepayipi lengadi: lapho ububanzi bukhula kakhulu, umfutho wamanzi ngaphakathi uyehla, futhi ukugeleza kwawo kungasebenzi kahle.
Kwenzekani ngenxa yalokho? Izitho zakho ezibalulekile, njengenhliziyo yakho, ubuchopho, nezinso, azitholi ukugeleza kwegazi okudingekayo ukuze zisebenze . Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izimo, le mithambo emincane (ama-capillaries) iqala ukuvuza uketshezi, okunciphisa kakhulu umthamo wegazi lakho lonke. Lesi yisimo esisongela impilo ngoba izitho zakho zithembele ekuhlinzekweni kwegazi okuqhubekayo nokuqhubekayo ukuze ziphile.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Uma usola isimo sokushaqeka, funa usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo ngokushesha. Shayela ku-911 noma uvakashele igumbi lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze nawe ngokushesha, njengoba ukubambezeleka kungaba yingozi.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-Distributive Shock?
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-Distributive Shock, ngayinye ebangelwa inkinga ehlukile eyisisekelo:
1. I-Septic Shock: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Lubangelwa ukutheleleka okukhulu kwebhaktheriya. Isibonelo, uma inxeba litheleleka futhi amagciwane asakazeka emzimbeni wakho wonke (isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Sepsis), futhi impendulo yomzimba ingalawuleki, ungase ube ne-Septic Shock. I-pneumonia enzima noma ezinye izifo ezihambisana nohlelo lomzimba nazo zingase zibangele lokhu.
2. Ukushaqeka Okubangelwa I-Anaphylactic: Lokhu kubangelwa ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba okusongela impilo. Isibonelo, abanye abantu babhekana nalokhu ngemva kokudla amantongomane noma ukuhlatshwa yizinambuzane ezithile. Uma umuntu one-asthma enzima eba nobunzima bokuphefumula obungazelelwe, lolu hlobo lokushaqeka lungenzeka.
3. Ukushaqeka Okubangelwa Yizinzwa:Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokulimala komgogodla wakho. Uma ulimale ekhanda noma emgogodleni, njengokulimala kokuntywila noma ukushayisana okukhulu kokuwa/imoto, umonakalo ohlelweni lwakho lwezinzwa ungavimbela umzimba ukuthi ugcine ithoni yemithambo yegazi, okuholela ekushaqekeni kwe-Neurogenic.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Distributive Shock kanye ne-Hypovolemic Shock?
Zombili ziyizinhlobo zokushaqeka, okusho ukuthi zombili zibangela ukuthi izitho ezibalulekile zintule umoya-mpilo kanye nezakhamzimba ezibalulekile. Kodwa-ke, izimbangela eziyinhloko ziyahlukahluka.
- Ukushaqeka Okusabalalayo kwenzeka ngoba imithambo yegazi yakho ilahlekelwa yithoni yayo futhi ivuleke kakhulu, okuvame ukubangelwa yi-Sepsis noma ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba.
- Ukushaqeka kwe-Hypovolemic kwenzeka ngoba ulahlekelwe yivolumu yangempela—kungaba ngenxa yokopha okukhulu noma ukulahlekelwa uketshezi okukhulu, njengohudo oluqhubekayo noma ukuhlanza, okuqeda amanzi emzimbeni wakho.
Ngamafuphi: Ukushaqeka okusabalalisa igazi kumayelana nokwanda kwemithambo yegazi; Ukushaqeka kwe-Hypovolemic kumayelana nokulahlekelwa igazi noma uketshezi lomzimba. Uyawuqonda umehluko?
Kuvame kangakanani ukushaqeka kokusabalalisa?
Kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko zokushaqeka: i-Hypovolemic, i-Cardiogenic, i-Obstructive, kanye ne-Distributive. I-Distributive Shock iyona evame kakhulu kulezi , ikakhulukazi i-Septic Shock. Emazweni afana ne-US, cishe abantu abayisigidi bahlushwa yi-Sepsis/Septic Shock minyaka yonke. Yisimo esingathinta noma ubani, kunoma yimuphi ubudala.
Yini eyenziwa yi-Distributive Shock emzimbeni wakho?
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, lapho imithambo yegazi ikhula, umfutho wegazi wakho uyehla. Ngenxa yalokho, izitho zakho azitholi igazi elanele. Cabanga ngezitho zakho njengemishini; zidinga uphethiloli oqhubekayo—igazi nomoya-mpilo—ukuze zisebenze. Lapho lokhu kutholakala kunqanyulwa, izitho ziqala ukuvala ngasinye ngasinye. Lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi ukwehluleka kwezitho , okuwusongo olusheshayo empilweni yakho.
Ziyini izimpawu?
Izimpawu ze-Distributive Shock zingahluka kuye ngembangela eyinhloko. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu ezivamile zokuxwayisa zifaka:
- Ukuqhuma kwesikhumba noma ukubomvu
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo nokuphefumula okusheshayo
- Umfutho wegazi ophansi (uphawu oluphawulekayo)
- Ekuqaleni isikhumba sifudumele, esingase sibande futhi sibe manzi
- Imfiva
- Ukugodola nokuthuthumela
- Ubuhlungu besisu
- Ukudideka noma ukudideka kwengqondo
- Ukukhwehlela
- Ukuphelelwa umoya
- Isicanucanu
- Ukuhlanza
- Ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuchama
Uma uhlangabezana nesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu ngokuzumayo, sicela ungazithathi kalula.
Yini ebangela i-Distributive Shock?
Ngaphandle kwezinhlobo ezintathu esixoxe ngazo ngaphambili, ezinye izici eziningana zingaholela kulesi simo:
- I-Sepsis ebangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane (lena yimbangela evame kakhulu).
- I-Anaphylaxis ebangelwa ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba (isb., amantongomane, ukulunywa yizinambuzane, imithi ethile, noma ukuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya okukhulu).
- Ukusha okukhulu.
- I-pancreatitis (ukuvuvukala kwe-pancreas).
- I-Toxic Shock Syndrome (engenzeka, isibonelo, ngenxa yokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwe-tampon).
- Ukulimala komgogodla.
- Izinkinga ezithile ze-endocrine.
- Ukuntuleka kwe-adrenal (imbangela engavamile).
- I-Capillary leak syndrome (lapho uketshezi luvuza khona emithanjeni yegazi; futhi akuvamile).
- Ukweqisa izidakamizwa okubandakanya ama-vasodilator (akuvamile kakhulu).
Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lesi simo?
Uma uveza lezi zimpawu, udokotela uzokuxilonga ngokushesha bese ethatha umlando onemininingwane. Njengoba umuntu oshaqekile engase angakwazi ukukhuluma, kubalulekile ukuthi umndeni noma abangani bazise ithimba lezokwelapha ngezinkinga zakho zokungezwani komzimba ezaziwayo, umlando we-anaphylaxis, noma imithi oyiphuzayo njengamanje. Lolu lwazi lubalulekile ekuxilongweni.
Ngemva kwalokhu, udokotela wakho angase acele ukuhlolwa okuningana:
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukuhlola izifo nokuhlola ukusebenza kwezitho zomzimba.
- I-Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG): Ukuqapha ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo yakho.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Ukuhlola amaphaphu akho.
- I-Ultrasound: Ukuze ubone ngeso lengqondo inhliziyo, amaphaphu, kanye nezitho zesisu; amayunithi aphathekayo avame ukusetshenziswa eceleni kombhede wakho.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Ngenxa yokuthi lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha, ukwelashwa kuvame ukuqala eGumbini Lezimo Eziphuthumayo futhi kuvame ukuqhubeka eYunithi Yokunakekelwa Okujulile (ICU).
1. Isinyathelo esisheshayo ukunikeza uketshezi lwe-IV: Usawoti noma olunye uketshezi lunikezwa ngemithambo ukuze kusizwe ekuqiniseni umfutho wegazi lakho.
2. Ukwelashwa okuqondiwe: Odokotela bazobona imbangela ethile yokushaqeka bese benikeza imithi yokukulungisa.
3. Ukusekelwa kokudla okunempilo: Kwezinye izimo, ukuncelisa ngamapayipi kungadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umzimba wakho unamandla owadingayo ukuze ululame.
E-ICU, ithimba lezokwelapha lizoqhubeka nokuqapha izimpawu zakho ezibalulekile (isilinganiso senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi, amazinga omoya-mpilo, kanye nokushisa). Bazophinde baphathe noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa. Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula, ungase ubekwe kumshini wokuphefumula.
Yimiphi imithi esetshenziswayo?
Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela eyinhloko yokushaqeka kwakho kokusabalalisa:
- Ama-Vasopressor: Imithi efana ne-epinephrine, i-vasopressin, i-norepinephrine, noma i-phenylephrine yokuphakamisa umfutho wegazi.
- Ama-antibiotic: Ukwelapha noma yiziphi izifo ezibangelwa yigciwane.
- Ama-Antihistamine: Ukulawula ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba.
- Ama-Steroids: Asetshenziselwa ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba noma izimo ezinzima ze-sepsis.
- Ama-inhaler e-Albuterol: (isib., i-Accuneb® noma i-Proair®HFA) uma ukushaqeka kubangelwa yi-asthma enzima.
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi ekwelashweni?
Yebo, eminye imithi ingaba nemiphumela emibi, okuhlanganisa:
- Ama-Vasopressor: Ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo (i-arrhythmia), ukukhathazeka, uketshezi emaphashini (i-pulmonary edema), ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ukuminyana kwemithambo yenhliziyo.
- Ama-antibiotic: Isicanucanu noma isifo sohudo.
- I-Albuterol: Ukuqhaqhazela, isiyezi, noma isicanucanu.
- Ama-Antihistamine: Ukozela, isiyezi, ikhanda elibuhlungu, noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo.
Sicela uqiniseke ukuthi odokotela bakho bahlola ngokucophelela lezi zingozi maqondana nesidingo sokusindisa impilo yakho futhi bazokunikeza ukwelashwa okuphephile nokuphumelela kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka eNirogi Lanka.
Ungayinciphisa kanjani ingozi?
Nakuba kungezona zonke izimbangela zokushaqeka kokusabalalisa, njengezifo ezithile, ezingavinjelwa, ungathatha izinyathelo zokuphatha izingozi ezaziwayo:
- Uma une-allergy enkulu yokudla, hlala uphethe i-epinephrine auto-injector (njenge-EpiPen® noma i-Adrenalin®) futhi wazi ukuthi uyisebenzisa kanjani ngendlela efanele.
- Uma uhlushwa ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma njalo, hlala uphethe i-Albuterol noma i-Salbutamol inhaler yakho. Ungavumeli ukuthi iphele.
- Uma usebenzisa ama-tampon, washintshe njalo ukuze uvimbele ingozi ye-Toxic Shock Syndrome.
- Gwema ukucwila emanzini angajulile noma angaziwa, ngoba lokhu kungabangela ukulimala komgogodla.
- Njalo thatha imithi njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalele.
Kwenzekani uma uba ne-Distributive Shock?
Uma imbangela 'yokushaqeka' kwakho kuyi -sepsis , ungase ubhekane nezinselele eziqhubekayo njengokukhathala, amaphupho acindezelayo, noma ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imbangela iyini, kubalulekile ukuthi ube khona kuzo zonke izikhathi zakho zokulandelela futhi unamathele ngokuqinile ohlelweni lwemithi olunikezwe udokotela wakho.
Isikhathi sakho sokululama ngenxa ye -Distributive Shock sincike ngokuphelele ebunzimeni besipiliyoni sakho. Ungadinga ukuhlala esibhedlela kusukela ezinsukwini eziningana kuya emavikini amaningana.
Amathuba okululama ngokugcwele ahluka phakathi kuka-20% no-80%, kuye ngembangela. Ngaphandle kokungenelela kwezokwelapha, lesi simo sivame ukubulala. Ukuqashelwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okusheshayo kuyizivikelo zakho ezinhle kakhulu zokusinda.Ingozi iphakeme kakhulu kubantu abadala, abantu abasebenzisa utshwala isikhathi eside, kanye nalabo abanenkinga yezitho eziningi zomzimba.
Uma umzimba wakho usabela kahle eziphuzweni ezifakwa emthanjeni (IV) futhi izitho zakho zigcina ukusebenza kwazo, isibikezelo sakho sokululama sinamandla kakhulu.
Ngizinakekela kanjani ngemva kokubuya ekhaya ?
Uma usuphumile esibhedlela, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokunembile. Kungase kudingeke uphumule ekhaya izinsuku eziningana noma amasonto ngaphambi kokuba ulungele ukubuyela emsebenzini. Sicela uqinisekise ukuthi uya kuzo zonke izinkambo zokulandelela futhi uqedele inkambo yakho ephelele yemithi.
Uma uzizwa isimo sakho siba sibi kakhulu nganoma yisiphi isikhathi lapho usekhaya, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Esimweni esiphuthumayo: Noma ubani obonisa izimpawu ze -Distributive Shock kumele aphuthunyiswe emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo oseduze. Ngesikhathi ulinde izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo (shayela u-911), cela umuntu alale phansi, mgcine efudumele ngengubo, bese uphakamisa imilenze yakhe cishe ngamasentimitha angu-12 ukuze kukhuthazwe ukugeleza kwegazi.
Imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho
Uma uke wabhekana nalesi simo, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuxoxa nodokotela wakho ngalokhu okulandelayo:
- Ingabe ngisengozini yokuphinde ngibhekane ne-Distributive Shock ?
- Kudingeka ngiye kangaki emihlanganweni yokulandelela?
- Ingabe i-Distributive Shock izoba nemiphumela yesikhathi eside empilweni yami?
Umyalezo Obalulekile Wokuya Nawo Ekhaya
Ukushaqeka kokusabalalisa kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esibucayi esidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo. Ukufuna usizo ngokushesha okukhulu kunikeza ithuba elihle kakhulu lokusinda. Ukululama kuthatha isikhathi, ngakho-ke sicela ubekezele ngomzimba wakho. Ekhaya, landela uhlelo lwakho lwemithi futhi ube khona kuzo zonke izivivinyo zokulandelela. KwaNirogi Lanka, sifuna ukuthi ube nolwazi oluphelele ngoba lesi yisenzakalo esibucayi sezempilo.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa)
💬 Ingabe i-Distributive Shock ifana nokushaqeka ngogesi?
Cha. Ngokwezokwelapha, 'ukushaqeka' kubhekisela esimweni esisongela ukuphila lapho ukugeleza kwegazi ezithweni ezibalulekile (njengobuchopho nezinso) kuncipha kakhulu. Kulesi simo esithile, ngenkathi inhliziyo ingase ishaye, imithambo yegazi ivuleka ngokungalawuleki, okubangela umfutho wegazi wehle uye emazingeni aphansi ngendlela eyingozi.
💬 Kungani imithambo yegazi ivuleka futhi umfutho wegazi wehla?
Kunezimbangela ezintathu eziyinhloko: 1. Ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba (i-Anaphylaxis, njengokulunywa yizinyosi), 2. Ukutheleleka kwegazi okukhulu (i-Sepsis/Septic shock), noma 3. Ukulimala kwemizwa emgogodleni ngenxa yokulimala (i-Neurogenic shock).
💬 Umthola kanjani umuntu osengozini?
Izimpawu zifaka phakathi ukuquleka, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo okungajwayelekile (i-tachycardia), isikhumba esikhanyayo, kanye nobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula. Ngenxa yokuthi lokhu kungaholela ekufeni ngemizuzu embalwa, isiguli kumele singeniswe e-ICU ukuze sithole imithi ephuthumayo (njengemithi yokucindezela imithambo yegazi efana ne-epinephrine).
Amagama angukhiye: Ukushaqeka okusabalalisa, ukushaqeka kwe-septic, ukushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic, ukushaqeka kwe-neurogenic, umfutho wegazi ophansi, ukwelashwa kokushaqeka, ukululama kwe-sepsis
