Sonke sike sathatha imithi yohlobo oluthile lokugula esikhathini esithile empilweni yethu, akunjalo? Mhlawumbe i-aspirin elula. Noma mhlawumbe umuthi okhethekile onikezwe udokotela. Kodwa wake wacabanga ukuthi yonke into, kusukela ephilisini elilula kuya emuthini obiza kakhulu, ingaba 'nomphumela omubi' omncane? Ezinye zalezi zincane kakhulu, ezinye ziyisicefe esincane nje, kanti ezinye zingaba zimbi kakhulu.
Iyini ngempela imiphumela emibi?
Kalula nje, umphumela ongemuhle yinoma yimuphi umphumela owenzeka emizimbeni yethu lapho siphuza umuthi, ngaphezu kwesenzo esiyinhloko esilindelekile salowo muthi (ukwelapha lesi sifo).
Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu esijwayelene nayo izinkinga zokugaya ukudla . Ukuzizwa unesicanucanu, uzizwa sengathi isisu sakho siyaphenduka, uzizwa sengathi unesisu esibuhlungu. Eqinisweni, nganoma yimuphi umuthi, lokhu kungenzeka kubantu abambalwa. Uma siphuza umuthi wesikhumba, singase sibe nomuzwa wokubomvu noma ukulunywa esikhumbeni.
Uma ufuna ukwazi ngemiphumela emibi yomuthi, ngokuvamile kuba selebula lomuthi (Over-the-Counter - OTC) owuthenga ekhemisi. Lokhu kubhalwe ohlwini olude olusephaketheni oluhambisana nodokotela.
Kodwa ungesabi ngalolu hlu olude! Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho umbuze ngokucacile ukuthi yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona yalo muthi nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha okufanele uzithathe.
Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zemiphumela emibi?
Yebo, nakanjani. Kungaba nezizathu eziningana zemiphumela emibi. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko.
| Uhlobo lomphumela ongemuhle | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukusabela Kokungezwani Nomzimba | Lokhu kungenzeka kunoma yimuphi umuthi. Kungaba kusukela ekucasukeni kwesikhumba kanye nokulunywa kuya ekusabeleni okukhulu kwe-anaphylactic, okungaba yingozi empilweni futhi kungabangela ubunzima bokuphefumula kanye nokuvuvukala kobuso. |
| Izinto ezenzeka ngenxa yohlobo lomuthi | Eminye imithi inemiphumela emibi ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo samakhemikhali. Isibonelo, eminye imithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukucindezeleka (isib. i-diphenhydramine) ingabangela ukozela nomlomo owomile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imithi ithinta ne-neurotransmitter acetylcholine emizimbeni yethu. |
| Izinto ezincike kumthamo | Eminye imithi iphephile uma ithathwa ngesilinganiso esifanele. Kodwa uma umthamo uphansi kancane, kuvela izinkinga. NjengeWarfarin, umuthi ovimbela ukujiya kwegazi. Kulungile uma uthathwa ngendlela efanele, kodwa uma uthathwa ngendlela engafanele, ungabangela ukopha okukhulu emzimbeni. |
| Ukusebenzisana Kwezidakamizwa | Lokhu kungaba yingozi kakhulu. Isibonelo, ukuphuza utshwala kanye neminye imithi yokubulala izinhlungu yezidakamizwa kungabulala. Futhi, ukuphuza amanye amajusi ezithelo (isb. ijusi yamagilebhisi) kanye neminye imithi yomfutho wegazi kanye ne-cholesterol kungashintsha indlela leyo mithi esebenza ngayo. |
Qaphela kakhulu ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa!
Ngakho-ke, lapho uqala umuthi omusha, kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngeminye imithi oyithathayo njengamanje, amavithamini, kanye nemikhuba yakho yokudla. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu.
Abazihloli yini lezi zinto ngaphambi kokuba umuthi ufike emakethe?
Eqinisweni, ngaphambi kokuba umuthi ufike ezandleni zethu, unikezwa izilwane bese kuba ngabantu, futhi kwenziwa izivivinyo eziningi ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ukhiqiza imiphumela elindelekile futhi uphephile yini. Ngemva kokubheka le miphumela, kulapho kuphela lapho kuqinisekisiwe khona ukuthi izinzuzo zomuthi zidlula izingozi ezingaba khona lapho uvunywa yigunya elifanele lokulawula imithi (isib., i-FDA e-United States).
Kodwa-ke, lezi zivivinyo azitholi konke. Ngemva kokuba umuthi usemakethe, futhi izigidi zabantu seziqalile ukuwusebenzisa, kubikwe imiphumela emisha emibi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'ukubhekwa ngemuva kokumaketha' . Yilokhu okwenziwa yizinhlelo ezifana ne-FDA's MedWatch e-United States. Lezi zikhungo zazisa odokotela nabantu abathatha umuthi ngemiphumela emisha emibi.
Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ulwazi olutholwe ngale ndlela luyingozi, baze bathathe izinyathelo zokususa leso sidakamizwa emakethe.
- Isibonelo 1: I-Raptiva inikezwa i-psoriasisLapho kubikwa ukuthi lesi sidakamizwa sibangela izifo zobuchopho, kwakhishwa isexwayiso sebhokisi elimnyama futhi kamuva sasuswa emakethe.
- Isibonelo sesi-2: Lapho kutholakala ukuthi umuthi we-cholesterol i-Baycol ubangela umonakalo omkhulu emisipheni, nawo wasuswa phakathi neminyaka emi-4.
ESri Lanka, uma uhlangabezana nomphumela omubi kakhulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngawo. Angabe esewubika eziphathimandleni ezifanele.
Ingabe yonke imiphumela emibi imbi? Kukhona nezinzuzo ezimangalisayo!
Cha, akuzona zonke ezimbi. Eminye imiphumela emibi empeleni inenhlanhla! Cabanga nje, ngenkathi ufuna ikhambi lesifo esisodwa, uthola ukuthi libangela okunye okuhle.
- I-Finasteride: Lokhu kwaqalwa njengokwelashwa kwendlala ye-prostate ekhulisiwe emadodeni. Kodwa kwatholakala ukuthi amadoda ayeyisebenzisa ayenezinwele ezikhula emuva ezindaweni zawo ezimpunga! Manje ithengiswa njengokwelashwa kwempunga ngaphansi kwegama elithi Propecia.
- I-Minoxidil: Lokhu kwaqala ukwethulwa njengephilisi lomfutho wegazi ophakeme. Kamuva, kwatholakala ukuthi kubangele nokukhula kwezinwele. Namuhla, itholakala njengokhilimu noma igwebu lokususa izinwele ezimpunga, futhi ingathengwa ekhemisi.
Uyabona-ke, akunjalo? Imithi iyizinto eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kuwukuhlakanipha ukuba nolwazi oluphelele ngayo bese uyisebenzisa ngokwemiyalelo kadokotela wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Medicine ingumngane olapha izifo zethu, kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuthi njengayo yonke imithi, kungaba nemiphumela emibi.
- Ngaphambi kokuqala umuthi omusha, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile ngemiphumela emibi engaba khona. Ungesabi ukuwuthatha.
- Tshela udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi, amavithamini, kanye nemikhuba yakho yokudla oyithathayo njengamanje, njengoba ezinye izinto zingabangela izinkinga uma zithathwa ndawonye.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile nezinzima (isib. ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso, ukuphuka okukhulu) , hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.
- Akuzona zonke imiphumela emibi emibi. Ngezinye izikhathi, ungathola imiphumela emihle ngokumangalisayo.
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