Cabanga ukuthi udlala ikhilikithi nabangani bakho bese kufika ibhola lindiza likushaye ebusweni, noma uwe ebhayisikilini lakho... Ngemva kwesikhashana, ubuso bakho buphenduka buluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, buvuvukele kakhulu, futhi bubuhlungu kangangokuthi awukwazi ngisho nokubuthinta. Ngesikhathi esinjengalesi, wesaba kakhulu ukuthi lokhu kumane nje kuwukulimala noma ithambo liphukile ngaphakathi, akunjalo? Empeleni lokhu kuyinto eyenzeka kubantu abaningi. Yilokho esizokhuluma ngakho kulesi sihloko kalula kulesi sihloko.
Yiziphi lezi zinhlungu zobuso?
Kalula nje, ukuphuka kobuso kuwukuphuka noma ukuphuka kwethambo ebusweni bakho. Siphinde sibize lesi simo ngokuthi "ukuhlukumezeka kobuso obukhulu". Ubuwazi ukuthi uma kuqhathaniswa namathambo kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wethu, isibonelo, ithambo lomlenze, amathambo ebusweni bethu mancane futhi athambile. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nengozi encane ingalimaza la mathambo.
Kunezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko ezenza izingozi ezinjengalezi zenzeke.
- Ukuhlaselwa ngokomzimba: Ngokudabukisayo, ukwaphuka kobuso kuvamile ekulweni nasekuhlaselweni.
- Izingozi zezimoto: Kunobungozi obukhulu bokulimala ebusweni, ikakhulukazi ezingozini zamabhayisikili anamasondo amathathu kanye nezithuthuthu, okuyinto evamile ezweni lethu.
- Ukuwa: Lesi simo singase senzeke uma uzishaya ebusweni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuwa usuka endaweni ephakeme noma ukuwa okuvamile.
- Izingozi zemidlalo: Izingozi ezenzeka ngesikhathi kudlalwa imidlalo efana nekhilikithi neragbi.
- Izingozi zasemsebenzini: Emasimini afana nokwakha, izingozi zingase zenzeke uma into iwela ebusweni bakho isuka phezulu.
Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokuphuka kobuso
Njengoba kunamathambo amaningana ebusweni, ukuphuka kungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana kuye ngokuthi kwenzeka kuphi. Ake sibone ukuthi kuyini.
| Uhlobo Lokuphuka | Kuchazwe kalula |
|---|---|
| Ukuphuka kwekhala | Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Lubizwa nangokuthi ikhala eliphukile. |
| Ukuphuka kwethambo langaphambili | Ukuphuka kwengxenye engaphambili yekhanda, okungukuthi, ithambo ebunzini. |
| Ukuphuka kwe-orbital | Ukuphuka kwethambo elithambile elizungeze iso lapho iso likhona. |
| Ukuphuka kwe-Zygomatic | Ukuphuka kwethambo lesihlathi. |
| Ukuphuka komhlathi | Ukuphuka komhlathi ongaphezulu (i-Maxilla) noma umhlathi ongezansi (i-Mandible). |
| Ukuphuka kobuso obuphakathi (i-Le Fort fractures) | Lokhu kuwukuphuka okuyinkimbinkimbi kancane, okuhlanganisa ukulimala kwamathambo amaningana phakathi kobuso. |
Ingabe nawe unazo lezi zimpawu?
Izimpawu zokuphuka kobuso zingahluka kuye ngokuthi ukulimala kwenzeke kuphi. Kodwa-ke, kunezimpawu ezivamile kanye nalezo eziqondene nendawo ngayinye.
Izimpawu ezivamile
- Ukuphuka nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka endaweni yengozi.
- Ukuvuvukala: Ukuvuvukala kwendawo ethintekile yobuso.
- Ubuhlungu: Ukuzwa ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki noma obukhulu.
- Ukungazwakali: Ukuzwa sengathi ingxenye yobuso ayizwakali kahle.
- Ukushintsha kwesimo sobuso: Ubuso bulahlekelwa ukulingana, bucwila ohlangothini olulodwa, noma bube nesimo esihlukile.
Uma ikhala liphukile (Ukuphuka Kwekhala)
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula ngekhala.
- Ukopha ekhaleni.
- Ukushintsha kwesimo sekhala, ligobile.
Uma isokhethi leso liphukile (i-Orbital Fracture)
- Umbono ofiphele.
- Ukubona okukabili.
- Amehlo aphumayo noma ashona ngaphakathi.
- Ubunzima bokuhambisa amehlo phezulu, phansi, nasemaceleni.
Uma umhlathi uphukile (Ukuphuka Komhlathi)
- Ukumunca amathe.
- Ubunzima bokuhlafuna ukudla noma ukukhuluma.
- Ukuzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu lapho uvula umlomo.
- Amazinyo axegayo, aphukile, noma awe.
Ingabe lokhu kuzophela nje? Noma kungaba nezinkinga?
Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi ukuphuka noma ukuvuvukala ebusweni kuzophola ngokwako ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ezintathu. Kodwa-ke, uma ithambo liphukile, kungaba nezinkinga ezinkulu uma kungelashwa.
Lokhu akuyona nje inkinga ethinta ukubukeka kwakho. Ukuphuka kobuso kungaphazamisa nemisebenzi yakho evamile. Cabanga ukuthi kunzima kangakanani ngomuntu onomhlathi ophukile ukudla nokukhuluma? Umuntu onekhala eliphukile akakwazi ukuphefumula kahle.
Kungaba nezinkinga eziyingozi nakakhulu.
- Ukutheleleka: Amagciwane angangena ngamathambo aphukile futhi abangele ukutheleleka.
- Ukopha ngaphakathi: Ukopha kungenzeka ngaphakathi.
- Ukulimala kwesistimu yezinzwa: Ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi lapho kuqhekeke kakhulu ugebhezi, uketshezi olubalulekile oluzungeze ubuchopho (uketshezi lomgogodla - i-CSF) lungavuza ekhaleni. Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu esidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.
Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ngokushesha uma kwenzeka ingozi ebusweni bakho.
Udokotela ukuxilonga kanjani lokhu? (Ukuxilongwa)
Uma ubona udokotela, uzoqala ahlole ukuthi impilo yakho isengozini yini. Isibonelo, uma unenkinga yokuphefumula noma wopha kakhulu. Uzobe esehlola okulandelayo:
- Bahlola ikhala lakho kanye nendlela yokuphefumula ukuthi azikho yini izithiyo.
- Umsebenzi wamehlo nokubona kuyahlolwa.
- Bafuna umonakalo ebuchosheni noma emgogodleni (isimiso sezinzwa esiphakathi).
- Uzobuzwa ngemininingwane yokuthi ingozi yenzeke kanjani kanye nezimpawu zakho.
- Sibheka ngokucophelela isimo sobuso bakho ukuze sibone ukuthi kukhona yini ushintsho noma ukungalingani.
- Ubukhulu bomonakalo buhlolwa ngokuthinta amathambo obuso ngokucophelela.
Ngemva kwalokhu kuhlolwa kokuqala, udokotela uvame ukukudlulisela ukuze uhlolwe ngezithombe ukuze aqinisekise ukuphuka kwethambo futhi anqume ubukhali balo. Ukuhlolwa okuvame ukusetshenziswa futhi okunembile kakhulu kulokhu yi -Computed Tomography (CT) scan .
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Ukwelashwa kuncike ohlotsheni lokulimala onakho, indawo yethambo eliphukile, kanye nobunzima balo.
Okokuqala, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu kanye nemithi yokunciphisa ukuvuvukala, njenge-corticosteroids. Uma kunengozi yokutheleleka , ama-antibiotic nawo anganikezwa.
Indlela yokwelapha eyinhloko inezingxenye ezimbili:
1. Ukunciphisa (ukwakhiwa kabusha kwamathambo): Lokhu kuhilela ukubuyisela izingcezu zamathambo eziphukile nezisusiwe ezindaweni zazo ezifanele, njengokuhlanganisa izingcezu zobumba oluphukile.
2.Ukuqina: Inqubo yokubamba ithambo eliqonde kahle endaweni yalo kuze kube yilapho liphola. Lokhu kungase kuhilele ukuhlinzwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamapuleti amancane, izikulufo, noma izintambo.
Lezi zindlela ezimbili, `Ukunciphisa` kanye `Ukulungisa`, zingenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko:
- Ukunciphisa Okuvaliwe: Lena inqubo yokuhlinzwa ehilela ukuhlanganisa amathambo ngaphandle ngaphandle kokusikwa kwesikhumba. Lokhu kungenziwa kuphela uma kuqhekeka amathambo kalula futhi kungeyona inkinga.
- Ukunciphisa Okuvulekile: Kulokhu, indawo ivulwa ngokuhlinzwa, izingcezu zamathambo ziqondiswa ngokucophelela, bese ziqiniswa ngamapuleti nezikulufo. Le ndlela ibalulekile ekuqhekekeni okuyinkimbinkimbi.
Uma ubuso bakho bonakaliswe kakhulu futhi amathambo amaningana ephukile, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlinzwe kabusha ubuso . Kunemigomo emibili eyinhloko: Eyokuqala ukubuyisela imisebenzi evamile njengokubona, ukudla, nokuphefumula. Umgomo wesibili ukubuyisela ukubukeka kobuso bakho ngangokunokwenzeka.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa?
Kunzima ukunikeza isikhathi esiqondile salokhu, njengoba kuyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Kuncike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa nobukhulu bokulimala kwakho, uhlobo lokwelashwa olutholile, kanye nekhono lomzimba wakho lokuphulukisa.
Ngokuvamile, ukuvuvukala kanye nokulunywa ngemva kokuhlinzwa kuzoqala ukuncipha ngemva kwamasonto amabili. Kodwa-ke, kungathatha izinyanga eziningana ukuphola ngokuphelele. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho, ikakhulukazi uma unesihlathi esiphukile, njengokuhlala unamanzi emzimbeni nokudla ukudla okuthambile.
Njalo bonana nodokotela ngokushesha!
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yalesi sihloko. Uma kwenzeka ingozi ebusweni bakho, ungamane uyishaye indiva uthi, "Kuyinto encane nje." Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
| Isibonakaliso | Okufanele ngikwenze |
|---|---|
| Izimo ezivamile lapho kufanele ubonane nodokotela: | |
| Ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, ukubomvu, noma ukuklwebheka endaweni yokulimala. | Bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu. |
| Ushintsho oluncane esimweni sobuso. | Kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha. |
| Isikhathi sokuya esibhedlela ngokushesha e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU): | |
| Uma inxeba livulekile futhi ithambo elingaphakathi libonakala. | Yiya ku-ETU ngokushesha! |
| Uma uphuma amanzi acwebezelayo, anegazi noma engenalo. | Yiya ku-ETU ngokushesha! (Lokhu kungaba ukuvuza kwe-CSF) |
| Ukubona okufiphele, ukubona okukabili, noma ubunzima bokuhambisa amehlo akho. | Yiya ku-ETU ngokushesha! |
| Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula noma yokugwinya. | Yiya ku-ETU ngokushesha! |
| Uma isilevu noma ikhala kubonakala sengathi lidonseleke eceleni. | Yiya ku-ETU ngokushesha! |
| Uma amazinyo ekhululekile noma amazinyo aphezulu naphansi engahlangani kahle. | Yiya ku-ETU ngokushesha! |
Ungaphunyuka kanjani engozini enjalo?
Nakuba izingozi zingenakuvinjelwa ngokuphelele, kunezinto esingazenza ukuze sinciphise ingozi.
- Gqoka ibhande lesihlalo noma nini lapho usemotweni.
- Uma ugibela isithuthuthu, qiniseka ukuthi ugqoka isigqoko sekhwalithi enhle .
- Uma udlala ezemidlalo, gqoka kahle izinto zokuzivikela (imaski yobuso, isigqoko sokuzivikela) ezifanele lowo mdlalo.
- Uma umsebenzi wakho uyingozi, imiyalelo yokuphepha kanye nemishini enikezwe yinhlanganoSebenzisa kahle.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ungakushayi indiva ukulimala, ukuphuka, noma ukuvuvukala ebusweni. Kungaba yithambo eliphukile ngaphakathi.
- Uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu obukhulu, ukushintsha kombono, ukuphuma komoya ekhaleni, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula, hamba uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela ngokushesha ngaphandle kokucabanga kabili.
- Landela izindlela zokwelapha kanye nemiyalelo enikezwe udokotela (isib. ukudla ukudla okuthambile) kuze kube yilapho usululama.
- Zama njalo ukunciphisa umonakalo obangelwa izingozi ezinkulu njengalezi ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokuphepha (izigqoko zokuzivikela, amabhande esihlalo).
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