Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ugula esiswini sakho, ukhathele kakhulu kunokujwayelekile, noma uphaphathekile? Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zalezi zinto. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, inani elincane kakhulu legazi elingabonakali emehlweni ethu nalo lingaba yimbangela yalokhu. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngokuhlolwa okulula kakhulu kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu okubheka igazi elifihliwe (igazi elingabonakali), elingabonakali kithi.
Kuyini i-FOBT? Kalula nje...
Incazelo yesiSinhala yeFecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) ithi "ukuhlolwa kwegazi elifihliwe esitulweni". Njengoba igama lisho, lokhu kwenzelwa ukuhlola inani elincane legazi esitulweni sakho elincane kakhulu ukuba lingabonwa ngamehlo enyama. Lokhu ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu. Ngoba lolu hlobo lwegazi lungaba uphawu lokuqala lokuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ohlelweni lwethu lokugaya ukudla.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi lokhu ukuhlolwa kokuhlola, hhayi ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma kuphakamisa inkinga, kuzodingeka ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze kutholakale imbangela eqondile.
Yisiphi isimo esingabangela igazi esitulweni?
Igazi esitulweni alivamile. Kusho ukuthi kukhona ukopha endaweni ethile ohlelweni lwethu lokugaya ukudla, kusukela emlonyeni kuya endunu. Kunezimo eziningana ezingabangela lokhu.
| Isimo sezokwelapha esingaba khona | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-anemia | Ukwehla kwenani lamaseli abomvu egazi anempilo emzimbeni. Lokhu kungabangelwa ukopha okuqhubekayo. |
| Ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu amakhulu (i-Colitis) | Ukuvuvukala noma ukulimala kolwelwesi lwamathumbu akho amakhulu. |
| Umdlavuza we-Colorectal | Umdlavuza owenzeka engxenyeni engezansi yesistimu yokugaya ukudla, okungukuthi, ikholoni noma i-rectum. Ukuhlolwa kwe-FOBT kubaluleke kakhulu ekutholakaleni kusenesikhathi. |
| I-Diverticulosis | Amasaka amancane, afana nama-bubble aphuma odongeni lwe-colon. Lawa angopha igazi uma elimele. |
| Ama-Hemorrhoids | Ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle kwe-rectum. Lokhu kungabangela ukopha ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwamathumbu. |
| Ama-polyp ekholoni | Ukukhula okuncane okwakheka ngaphakathi emathunjini amakhulu. Ezinye izimila zingaphenduka umdlavuza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. |
| Izilonda zesisu noma zamathumbu (izilonda) | Izilonda ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla. Lezi zilonda zingaphuma igazi. |
Kungani kwenziwa lokhu kuhlolwa? Kubaluleke kubani?
Kunezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani udokotela wakho engase ancome lokhu kuhlolwa.
1. Ukuba nezimpawu: Uma unezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besisu, ukukhathala, ubuhlungu e-rectum, noma igazi esitulweni sakho, lokhu kuhlolwa kungasiza ekutholeni imbangela.
2. Njengokuhlolwa komdlavuza: Isizathu esiyinhloko nesibaluleke kakhulu sokwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-FOBT ukuthola umdlavuza we-colorectal kusenesikhathi. Cabanga ukuthi kungaba usizo kangakanani ukube besingathola okuncane kwawo ngaphambi kokuba ube yisifo esikhulu? Yilokho okwenziwa yilolu vivinyo.
Ngokuvamile kunconywa ukuthi abantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-45 no-75 abangengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza benze lokhu kuhlolwa okungenani kanye ngonyaka . Kodwa-ke, uma unomlando womndeni walolu hlobo lomdlavuza noma ezinye izici eziyingozi, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngokuthi kufanele ube nalo kangaki.
Lolu vivinyo lwenziwa kanjani? Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo?
Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi ungakwenza lokhu ekhaya. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ikhithi ekhethekile yokuhlola lokhu. Okudingeka ukwenze nje ukuthatha isampula yendle ekhaya, uyilungiselele ngokwemiyalelo, bese uyiyisa elabhorethri noma kudokotela wakho. Kulula kakhulu.
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuhlolwa kwe-FOBT.
| Uhlobo lokuhlola | Indlela esebenza ngayo |
|---|---|
| I-Guaiac FOBT (gFOBT) | Lena indlela endala kakhulu. Ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-Guaiac isetshenziselwa ukuthola igazi esitulweni. Kudingeka uqaphele kancane ngalokho okudlayo nokuphuzayo ngaphambi kwalokhu kuhlolwa. |
| I-FOBT ye-Immunochemical (iFOBT noma i-FIT) | Lena indlela entsha nenembe kakhudlwana. Isebenzisa into ebizwa ngokuthi ama-antibodies futhi ithola igazi lomuntu kuphela. Lokhu akudingi noma yimiphi imikhawulo yokudla ekhethekile. |
| Ukuhlolwa kwe-FIT-DNA | Lokhu akubheki igazi kuphela, kodwa futhi noshintsho lwe-DNA esithweni sangasese olungahlotshaniswa nomdlavuza. |
Ingabe kukhona engikudingayo ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokuhlolwa?
Yebo, lokhu kuyahlukahluka kancane kuye ngohlobo lokuhlolwa okwenzayo.
Uma wenza isivivinyo se-iFOBT/FIT:
Izindaba ezinhle! Kulolu hlobo olusha lokuhlolwa, awudingi ukukhawulela ukudla kwakho ngqo . Lokho kulula kakhulu.
Wenza ukuhlolwa kwe-gFOBT uma:
Uma uthatha lesi sivivinyo sakudala, kufanele ugweme izinto ezithile izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa ukuze unciphise amathuba okuthola umphumela ongalungile.
- Inyama ebomvu: Inyama ebomvu njengenyama yenkomo nengulube.
- Eminye imithi: Imithi yokunciphisa izinhlungu (ama-NSAID), njenge-aspirin ne-ibuprofen. Futhi, imithi yokunciphisa igazi.
- Ezinye izinhlobo zamavithamini: Amaphilisi evithamini aqukethe i-vitamin C kanye ne-iron.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ungayeki ukuthatha noma yimuphi umuthi ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Qiniseka ukuthi ufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuyeka noma yini, ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi.
Kulungile, manje uyisebenzisa kanjani le khithi yokuhlola?
Ungakhathazeki, kulula kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, okumele ukwenze nje ukulandela lezi zinyathelo ezimbalwa.
1. Funda imiyalelo: Okokuqala, funda incwajana yemiyalelo efike nekhithi yokuhlola oyitholile ngokucophelela. Konke kucacile kuyo.
2. Qoqa isampula: Qoqa isampula yakho yendle esitsheni esihlanzekile nesomile. Amanye amakhithi afika nephepha elikhethekile ongalifaka endlini yangasese, bese ulihlanza. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukungavumeli amanzi noma umchamo ungene endle.
3. Faka isampula ekhadini: Sebenzisa i-applicator enikezwe ekhithini ukuze uthathe indle encane bese uyibeka endaweni efanele ekhadini lokuhlola. Ngokuvamile, ucelwa ukuthi uthathe amasampula amabili noma amathathu ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ezintathu.
4. Linikeze: Bese ushiya ikhadi ekushiseni kwegumbi, kude nokushisa nomswakama, bese uliyisa elabhorethri noma kudokotela mathupha, njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
Zikhona yini izikhathi lapho kungafanele ubhale khona lolu vivinyo?
Yebo. Gwema ukwenza lokhu kuhlolwa ezimweni ezinjengokuthi umphumela ungase ungalungile.
- Uma unesikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini .
- Uma uphuma igazi ngenxa yama-hemorrhoids .
- Uma wazi ukuthi uphuma igazi ngenxa yesimo esifana nezilonda zesisu noma i-gastritis .
Kulesi simo, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi imiphumela ibuye? Kwenzekani uma imiphumela ikhombisa ukuthi ikhona?
Ngokuvamile kuthatha cishe isonto ukuthi imiphumela ibuye, ngezinye izikhathi isikhathi eside.
Kulungile, manje into ebaluleke kakhulu. Uma ukuhlolwa 'kukuhle' , okusho ukuthi uthola igazi esitulweni sakho, ungesabi .
Umphumela omuhle awusho ukuthi unomdlavuza.
Kusho nje ukuthi kukhona ukuphuma kwegazi okuncane endaweni ethile ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla. Imbangela ingaba yinoma yini evela kuma-hemorrhoids, izilonda zesisu, noma ama-polyps, esikhulume ngawo ngaphambili, angewona ingozi.
Uma umphumela ubonisa ukuthi unesifo, udokotela wakho uzokushayela ucingo akutshele ukuthi wenzeni ngokulandelayo. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ngokuvamile ukuthola ukuthi ukuphuma kwegazi kuvela kuphi nokuthi kungani.Ukuhlolwa okufana ne-colonoscopy, okusebenzisa ikhamera ukubheka ngaphakathi kwe-colon bese kutholakala indawo eqondile yenkinga.
Uma ungakayizwa imiphumela ngisho nangemva kwamasonto amabili unikeza isampula, shayela udokotela wakho noma ilebhu bese ubuza.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-FOBT iyisivivinyo esilula esingenziwa ekhaya ukuze kubhekwe igazi elifihliwe esitulweni.
- Lokhu ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu kokuhlolwa komdlavuza we-colorectal ukuze kutholakale kusenesikhathi.
- Ungesabi umphumela wokuhlolwa 'obonisa ukuthi unegciwane'. Akuqinisekisi ukuthi unomdlavuza. Kusho ukuthi kudingeka ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.
- Ikakhulukazi uma uhlolwa i-gFOBT, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho mayelana nokudla kanye nemithi ngqo.
- Ungayeki ukuthatha noma yimuphi umuthi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwakho nanoma yiziphi izinkinga.
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