Wake wakhathazeka lapho ubona ukuthi izihlathi zomntwana wakho ziphenduka zibe bomvu ngokuzumayo, njengokungathi othile uzishaye ngempama? Ingabe kukhona umkhuhlane omncane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba? Ngokuvamile imbangela yalokhu yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi 'Isifo Sesihlanu'. Nakuba abantu abaningi ezweni lakithi bengakaze bezwe ngaleli gama, lokhu kuyinto evamile kakhulu ezinganeni. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokucacile nangokulula namuhla.
Iyini ngempela iSifo Sesihlanu?
Kalula nje, isifo sesihlanu siwukutheleleka ngegciwane okuthinta izingane. Ngokwezokwelapha, sibizwa ngokuthi `(Erythema Infectiosum)`. Uphawu oluyinhloko lwalokhu ukuqubuka okubomvu okujulile ezihlathini zengane, okubukeka sengathi ishaywe ngempama. Yingakho sibizwa nangokuthi "isifo sezihlathi esishaywe ngempama".
Kubangelwa igciwane elibizwa ngokuthi iParvovirus B19 . Leli igciwane elivame kakhulu futhi lingasakazeka ngokushesha kakhulu lisuka komunye umuntu liye komunye. Ngokuvamile lisakazeka ngamaconsi amathe akhishwa emoyeni lapho umuntu ekhwehlela noma ethimula.
Kodwa into engcono kakhulu ukuthi, isikhathi esiningi, lesi akusona isimo esibucayi. Siba ngcono ngaphandle kokwelashwa noma ngokunakekelwa okuncane.
Kungani lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'Isifo Sesihlanu'?
Yathola igama layo ngesizathu esithakazelisayo kakhulu. Esikhathini esidlule, kwakunezifo eziyisithupha ezibangelwa amagciwane ezazithinta isikhumba sezingane. Lesi sifo sasingesesihlanu kulolo hlu. Yingakho sibizwa ngokuthi 'Isifo Sesihlanu'. Kuhle ukukhumbula ezinye izifo:
1. Isimungumungwane
2. Umkhuhlane obomvu
3. I-Rubella (isimungumungwane saseJalimane)
4. Isifo sikaDukes
5. I-Erythema infectiosum noma isifo sesihlanu
6. URoseola
Sivame kangakanani lesi sifo? Ingabe siyenzeka nakubantu abadala?
Isifo Sesihlanu singesinye sezifo zesikhumba eziyisithupha ezivame kakhulu ezibonakala ezinganeni. Sivame ukuthinta izingane ezineminyaka ephakathi kwemi-5 neyi-15. Sivame kakhulu ngezikhathi zasentwasahlobo nasehlobo (ngesikhathi sezulu esomile, njengoNyaka Omusha ezweni lakithi).
Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi abantu abadala bakuthole. Isizathu siwukuthi uma wawunakho useyingane, amasosha omzimba wakho akhe isivikelo ngokumelene negciwane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke uphinde ukuthole. Abantu abadala abaningi bake baba nakho beseyizingane, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi abazi nokuthi bayakwazi.
Ziyini izimpawu zesifo sesihlanu?
Uma i-parvovirus B19 ingena emzimbeni, iqala ibonise izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane. Yilapho lesi sifo sithelelana kakhulu . Lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile azibi zimbi kakhulu.
| Uhlobo lwesibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu zokuqala (njengomkhuhlane) |
(Lesi sifo singadluliselwa kwabanye phakathi nalesi sikhathi!) |
| Izimpawu zesigaba sokugcina (izilonda) |
(Lesi sifo asithelelani ngemva kwalokhu kulimala!) |
Ezinye izingane (cishe ama-20%) azibonisi zimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kulesi sigaba sokuqala, kodwa zisengasabalalisa igciwane kwabanye.
Izimpawu kubantu abadala
Abantu abadala abathola i-Parvovirus B19 bavame ukungabi nokuvuvukala ezihlathini zabo. Kunalokho, bangase babonise izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kuphela. Kodwa-ke, cishe abantu abadala abangu-80% baba nobuhlungu bamalunga nokuvuvukala (ikakhulukazi ezihlakaleni, ezandleni nasemadolweni).
Ingabe lokhu kuyathelelana? Kuthelelana kanjani?
Yebo, i-Parvovirus B19 iyathelelana kakhulu . Isakazeka ngamaconsi okuphefumula akhishwa lapho umuntu onegciwane ekhuluma, ekhwehlela, noma ethimula.
Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu lapha yilokhu.
Uma sekuvele ukuqubuka (ukubomvu kwezihlathi) kweSifo Sesihlanu, umuntu akakwazi ukudlulisela leli gciwane kwabanye. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma izihlathi zengane sezibomvu, ayisathelelani.
Ngakho-ke, kufanele uqaphele kuphela uma ingane yakho inezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane. Uma ingane yakho isiphilile ngokuphelele ngemva kokubonakala kokuqhuma, asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka ngokuyithumela esikoleni.
Ingabe kukhona izinkinga okufanele uzesabe?
Izinkinga ezivela kwiSifo Sesihlanu azivamile ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abaphilile.
Kodwa-ke, uma umuntu enesifo esihlobene negazi noma isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esibuthakathaka , lesi simo singaba yingozi. Isizathu ukuthi leli gciwane lingathinta inqubo yokukhiqiza amangqamuzana abomvu egazi. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi inani lamangqamuzana abomvu egazi lehle ngendlela eyingozi, futhi kudingeke ngisho nokumpontshelwa igazi.
Izingane noma abantu abadala abanezimo ezilandelayo basengozini enkulu:
- Umdlavuza, ikakhulukazi i-leukemia
- Ukutheleleka nge-HIV
- Izimo ze-anemia njenge-sickle cell anemia kanye ne-thalassemia
- Abantu abaye bafakelwa izitho zomzimba
Uma ingane yakho inalesi simo, qiniseka ukuthi wazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha nje lapho ubona izimpawu zeSifo Sesihlanu noma ukuqala kwezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane.
Kwenzekani uma umama okhulelwe ethola lesi sifo?
Lena inkinga abantu abaningi abanayo. Uma uthola isifo sesihlanu ngesikhathi ukhulelwe , igciwane lingadluliselwa enganeni yakho engakazalwa, okubangela ezinye izinkinga. Isibonelo:
- Ukuphuphuma kwesisu
- Ukuzalwa Komntwana Ofile
- Ukuqongelela koketshezi emzimbeni nasezithweni zomntwana (i-Hydrops Fetalis)
Kodwa, ungakhathazeki! Lezi zinkinga azivamile. Abesifazane abaningi abakhulelwe bebenalesi sifo beseyizingane, ngakho-ke banamandla okuzivikela kuso. Ingozi yokulimaza ingane uma lokhu kutheleleka kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa iphansi kakhulu, cishe ngo-2%.
Uma ukhulelwe futhi ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi uke wahlangana nomuntu onesifo sesihlanu, ungangabazi ukubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze uthole iseluleko.
Uyafuna ukuya kudokotela?
Ezimweni eziningi, udokotela angakwazi ukuthola isifo sesihlanu ngokubheka izimpawu zengane, ikakhulukazi ukubukeka "kwesihlathi esishaywayo". Akudingi ukuhlolwa kwegazi okukhethekile.
Kodwa-ke, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela ezimweni ezilandelayo:
| Ithuba | Kungani kufanele ubonane nodokotela? |
|---|---|
| Uma ukhulelwe | Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha komntwana osesiswini. |
| Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninomzimba obuthakathaka | Ngoba kukhona ingozi yezinkinga ezinkulu. |
| Uma unesifo esihlobene negazi | Ngenxa yengozi yokwehla kwenani lamaseli abomvu egazi. |
| Uma unezinhlungu ezinkulu zamalunga | Ukulawula ubuhlungu nokuhlola ezinye izimbangela. |
| Uma inxeba liluma kakhulu | Ukuthola imithi efanele yokulawula ukulunywa. |
Yini ongayenza ekhaya?
Izimpawu zeSifo Sesihlanu zivame ukunyamalala zingakapheli amasonto ambalwa ngaphandle kokwelashwa okukhethekile. Udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi yokwelapha izinhlungu zomkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu kanye nobuhlungu bamalunga.
- I-Acetaminophen ( i-Paracetamol ezweni lakithi)
- Imithi engeyona eye-steroidal elwa nokuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) njenge-ibuprofen
Uma unikeza le mithi, qiniseka ukuthi uthatha isilinganiso esifanele . Buza udokotela wakho ngakho.
Uma ingane enesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka iba nalesi sifo, kungase kudingeke ilaliswe esibhedlela ukuze ithole ukwelashwa.
Ingabe lesi sifo singavinjelwa?
Akukho muthi wokugomela okwamanje wokuvimbela isifo sesihlanu. Njengoba igciwane lisakazeka ngamaconsi okuphefumula, ukuzigcina uhlanzekile kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvikela.
- Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho njalo.
- Uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula, phendula indololwane yakho uyibhekise ngaphakathi.
- Gwema ukusondelana nomuntu ogulayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo Sesihlanu yiParvovirus B19Kuyisifo esivamile ezinganeni. Akukho okufanele sesabe.
- Uphawu oluyinhloko amaqhubu abomvu amnyama ezihlathini (ukubonakala kwesifuba esishaywayo).
- Lesi sifo sithelelana ngaphambi kokuba kuvele ukuqubuka , ngesikhathi sezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane. Asithelelani ngemva kokuba kuvele ukuqubuka.
- Izingane ezinempilo azibi nezinkinga ezinkulu ngenxa yalokhu futhi ziyalulama ngaphandle kokwelashwa.
- Kodwa-ke, abesifazane abakhulelwe, abantu abanezivikelo zomzimba ezibuthakathaka, kanye nalabo abanezifo ezihlobene negazi kufanele baqaphele kakhulu. Uma unezimpawu noma uke wahlangana nomuntu onesifo, xhumana nodokotela ngokushesha.
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