Ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ukuthi uke waphawula ukuthi ngemva kokudla ukudla kwasolwandle njenge-shrimp noma i-squid, umzimba wonke womuntu uba bomvu, uyaluma, bese uqala ukulunywa. Noma ngemva kokudla amantongomane, kuba nzima ukuphefumula futhi izindebe ziyavuvukala. Lokhu yilokho esivame ukukubiza ngokuthi " ukungezwani nokudla." Lokhu kuyinto okufanele uyiqaphele, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ingaba yingozi. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizoxoxa ngokuthi kuyini ukungezwani nokudla, ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani, nokuthi kufanele sibhekane kanjani nakho.
Kusho ukuthini ngempela ukuba ne-allergy kulokhu kudla?
Kalula nje, ukungezwani nokudla kuwukuhlonza okungalungile ngamasosha omzimba wethu.
Ake sithi sinebutho lokuzivikela emzimbeni wethu. Leso yisimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela. Ngokuvamile, leli butho lilwa nezitha ezifana namagciwane namagciwane asigulisayo. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi leli butho lenza iphutha elincane. Lolu hlelo lucabanga ngephutha ukuthi iphrotheni ekudleni esikudlayo, empeleni engenangozi, iyisitha esikhulu esingene emzimbeni.
Uma lokhu kungatholakali kahle, amasosha omzimba akhiqiza uhlobo olukhethekile lwe-antibody, olubizwa ngokuthi i-immunoglobulin E (IgE), ukuze lulwe nalelo "sitha." Lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuqala udla lokho kudla.
Manje, uma udla lokho kudla okufanayo futhi, ama-antibodies e-IgE enziwe ngaphambilini ayavuselelwa futhi inani elikhulu lamakhemikhali liyakhishwa ukuze kukhishwe "isitha" emzimbeni. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-histamine yamakhemikhali. Le histamine iyikhemikhali enamandla kakhulu. Yilokhu okubangela izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ngokuthinta uhlelo lwethu lokuphefumula, uhlelo lokugaya ukudla, isikhumba kanye nohlelo lwenhliziyo.
Ziyini izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba?
Izimpawu zokungezwani nokudla zingabonakala zingakapheli imizuzu noma kuze kube amahora amabili ngemva kokudla ukudla. Ezinye zalezi zimpawu zingaba zincane kakhulu, kanti ezinye zingaba zimbi kakhulu.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Okuhlobene nomlomo, ulimi, nomphimbo | Ukuba ndikindiki emlonyeni, ukuvuvukala kolimi nomphimbo. |
| Izimpawu zesikhumba | Ukuqubuka, ukuqubuka, kanye nokulunywa okukhulu emzimbeni wonke. |
| Izici zesistimu yokugaya ukudla | Ukuhlanza, uhudo, izinhlungu esiswini, kanye nobuhlungu besisu. |
| Izici zesistimu yokuphefumula | Ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukukhwehlela. |
| Ezinye izimpawu ezinzima | Ukwehla kwengcindezi yegazi ngokuzumayo, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi. |
Ukusabela okubi kakhulu kwe-allergy okubizwa ngokuthi i-anaphylaxis kungaba yingozi empilweni . Ngakho-ke, uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinzima njengobunzima bokuphefumula nokuvuvukala komphimbo, kubalulekile ukuya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.
Yikuphi ukudla okubangela ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu?
Nakuba noma ubani angaba nomzimba ongezwani nokudla noma yikuphi emhlabeni, ama-90% okungezwani nokudla abangelwa ukudla okumbalwa okuyinhloko.
| Isigaba | Ukudla okuvame kakhulu okubangela ukungezwani komzimba |
|---|---|
| Ezinganeni | Ubisi lwenkomo, amaqanda, amakinati, ukolweni, isoya, ukudla kwasolwandle njengezinhlanzi negobolondo, kanye namakinati afana nama-cashew, ama-alimondi, nama-walnuts. |
| Kwabantu Abadala | Amantongomane afana namantongomane nama-cashew, kanye nokudla kwasolwandle njengezinhlanzi nama-shellfish. |
Wazi kanjani ukuthi une-allergy yokudla?
Uma usola ukuthi une-allergy yokudla, akuwona umqondo omuhle ukwenza izinqumo ngokusekelwe ekuqageleni. Kufanele nakanjani ubonane nodokotela. Udokotela uzohlonza lesi simo ngokunembile ngokusekelwe ezicini eziningana.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-radioallergosorbent (RAST) kungenziwa ukuhlola inani lama-antibodies akhiqizwa yisimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela . Uma unezinga eliphezulu lohlobo oluthile lwe-antibody, udokotela wakho angakwazi ukubona ukudla okubangela ukungezwani komzimba.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwesikhumba: Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi 'ukuhlolwa kokuklwebheka'. Kulokhu, inani elincane leprotheyini elivela ekudleni okusolwayo lifakwa endaweni encane yesikhumba bese isikhumba sihlolwa ukuthi sisabela kanjani. Uma indawo iba bomvu noma ivuvukele, ungase ube nomzimba ongezwani nalokho kudla.
- Idayari Yokudla: Udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi ugcine irekhodi eliningiliziwe lalokho okudlayo kanye nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ozizwayo. Lokhu kungaba usizo olukhulu ekuboneni ukuthi yikuphi ukudla okubangela ukungezwani komzimba.
- Ukuqeda Ukudla Nokubhekana Nenselele: Udokotela wakho angase akutshele ukuthi uyeke ukudla konke ukudla okusolisayo isikhashana. Bese, ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela, baphinde bakubuyisele okunye ngakunye ukuze babone ukuthi yikuphi ukudla umzimba wakho osabela kukho. Lokhu kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi kukhona yini ukungezwani komzimba.
Uphatha futhi ulawule kanjani ukungezwani komzimba?
Indlela engcono kakhulu newukuphela kwayo yokwelapha ukungezwani nokudla ukugwema ngokuphelele ukudla okubangela ukungezwani nokudla .
- Uma usabela kancane: Uma unezimpawu ezincane njengokucasuka kwesikhumba nokulunywa, amaphilisi e-antihistamine angasetshenziswa njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela.
- Uma kwenzeka ukusabela okubi kakhulu: Ezimweni ezifana nokuvuvukala, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze umuthi we-corticosteroid , njenge-prednisone.
- Ezimweni ezisongela impilo: Ezimweni ezinzima njenge-anaphylaxis, okuwukuphela kokwelashwa okungaguqula ngokushesha izimpawu umjovo we-epinephrine . Kubantu abane-allergies enzima, odokotela bazokunikeza lo mjovo ngesimo se-auto-injector (idivayisi ongayijova kalula). Uma unikezwe umjovo, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale unazo ezimbili .
Izinto okufanele uzicabangele uma uphila ne-allergies
Uma usuthole ukudla okubangela ukungezwani komzimba, inselele iwukukugwema. Lawa macebiso azokusiza ngalokho.
Ukufunda amalebula okudla kanye nokudla okunomsoco
Funda njalo amalebula okudla okuthenga esitolo. Izinto ezinjengamabhisikidi, amasoso, namakhekhe zingase zibe nezithako ezifihliwe ozizwa une-allergy kuzo (isb. ubisi, amaqanda, amantongomane). Ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nensipho, ama-shampoo, nama-lotion kungaqukatha ubisi noma amantongomane. Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi uthola umsoco owudingayo ngemva kokuyeka ukudla ukudla okuzizwa une-allergy kukho. Buza udokotela wakho ngalokhu.
Uma udla ngaphandle
Uma udla ngaphandle, khuluma nabasebenzi bendawo yokudlela kusengaphambili ukuze uthole ukuthi bayazi yini ngokungezwani nokudla. Qiniseka ukuthi utshela uweta ngokungezwani nokudla kwakho. Gwema ama-buffet nama-salad bar, ngoba kunethuba elikhulu lokungcoliswa kokudla.
Izinto okufanele uzilandele ekhaya
Uma othile emndenini enesifo sokungezwani komzimba futhi abanye bedla lokho kudla, kufanele uqaphele kakhulu ngalezi zinto.
- Bhala amaphakheji okudla nezitsha ngokucacile ngokuthi “kuphephile” nokuthi “akuphephile” kumuntu onesifo sokungezwani komzimba. Uma kungenzeka, beka eceleni amashalofu ahlukene esiqandisini nasemakhabetheni.
- Njalo lungiselela ukudla komuntu onesifo sokungezwani komzimba kuqala.
- Uma kungenzeka, sebenzisa izipuni, amapuleti, nezitsha ezihlukene ukuze ulungiselele ukudla okune-allergies noma okungenazo. Uma kungenjalo, qiniseka ukuthi uzigeza kahle ngemva kokulungisa.
- Hlanza ama-countertop akho kanye nezindawo zokusebenza kahle ngemva kokulungisa isitsha esisodwa nangaphambi kokulungisa esinye. Kungumqondo omuhle ukusebenzisa isihlanzi sokufutha ngaphezu kwamanzi anensipho, ikakhulukazi uma une-allergy kuma-peanut.
- Zenze umkhuba ukugeza izandla zakho kahle lapho ulungisa ukudla, ngaphambi kokudla, nangemva kokudla.
- Hlanza kahle itafula kanye nezindawo zasekhishini ngemva kokudla.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukungezwani nokudla kuwukusabela kabi okukhulu kwesimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela.
- Izimpawu zingasukela ekucasukeni kwesikhumba okuncane kuya ekushayweni yi-anaphylaxis okusongela impilo.
- Ukwelashwa nokulawula okungcono kakhulu ukugwema ngokuphelele ukudla okubangela ukungezwani komzimba.
- Funda njalo amalebula okudla okuthenga esitolo. Qaphela kakhulu lapho udla ngaphandle.
- Uma une-allergies enzima, hlala uphethe ama-epinephrine auto-injector amabili owanikezwe udokotela wakho futhi wazi ukuthi uwasebenzisa kanjani.
- Uma usola ukuthi unesifo sokungezwani nokudla, ungazihloli futhi ubone udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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