Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ukhathele kakhulu, amalunga akho ayabuhlungu, futhi iminwe yakho ivuvukele? Ngezinye izinsuku uthola ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, kanti ngezinye izinsuku uzizwa uphelelwa umoya. Lezi zimpawu zingafana nezezinye izifo, ngakho-ke ungase uzibuze, "Kwenzenjani kimi?" Ungase ungaqiniseki ukuthi lesi yisifo esisodwa noma inhlanganisela yezifo. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esibangela eziningana zalezi zimpawu ndawonye, okuyinto eyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi iMixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD).
Kalula nje, iyini i-MCTD?
I-MCTD iyisifo esingavamile sokuzivikela komzimba . Kulungile, pho siyini isifo sokuzivikela komzimba? Kalula nje, sinesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela emzimbeni wethu. Kufana nebutho ezweni lakithi. Umsebenzi walo ukuqaphela nokuhlasela izitha ezifana namagciwane, amagciwane, namabhaktheriya angena emzimbeni futhi asivikele ezifweni. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ukuzivikela kwethu kuyaphambuka. Esikhundleni sezitha zakwamanye amazwe, baphambanisa izicubu namaseli ethu aphilile ngokuthi “izitha” bese beqala ukuwahlasela. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi isifo sokuzivikela komzimba.
Okwenzekayo ku-MCTD ukuthi izimpawu zezifo ezintathu ezinkulu zezicubu ezixhumene ziyahlangana. Yingakho kubizwa ngokuthi "okuxubile." Lezi zifo ezintathu yilezi:
- I-systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): Lesi yisifo esivame ukusibiza ngokuthi "lupus" ngamafuphi.
- I-Scleroderma: Lokhu kubonakala kakhulu ngokujiya nokuqina kwesikhumba.
- I-Polymyositis: Lokhu kubangela ubuthakathaka bemisipha kanye nokuvuvukala.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zifo ezintathu eziyinhloko, abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu zezinye izifo zezicubu ezixhumeneyo, njenge- dermatomyositis , i-rheumatoid arthritis , noma i-Sjögren's syndrome . Yingakho odokotela bebiza lesi simo ngokuthi "i-Overlap Syndrome," noma isimo lapho izifo eziningana zihlangana khona.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-MCTD?
Enye yezinselele ezinkulu ngalokhu ukuthi izimpawu azibonakali zonke ngesikhathi esisodwa. Zingavela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, enye ilandelana. Ngakho kungaba nzima kancane ukuqaphela ukuthi yi-MCTD ezigabeni zokuqala. Ake sibheke izimpawu eziyinhloko ozozibona.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu futhi ungenampilo | Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu ngisho noma ungenzanga lutho. Ukuzizwa sengathi uhlala embhedeni usuku lonke. |
| Umkhuhlane ophansi | Ngisho noma ungenawo umkhuhlane ophakeme, uzizwa sengathi uthola ukushisa ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho, futhi umzimba wakho ubuhlungu. |
| Ubuhlungu bamalunga nemisipha | Amalunga ayaqaqamba futhi avuvukale ngaphandle kwesizathu esithile. Imisipha iba buthakathaka futhi ibe buhlungu. |
| Isenzakalo sikaRaynaud | Uma zibekwe emakhazeni (isib. ekamelweni le-AC, ukukhipha okuthile esiqandisini), ukugeleza kwegazi kuya eminweni, ezinzwaneni, ekhaleni, nasemadlebeni kuyancipha, okwenza zibe mhlophe, zingabi nampilo, bese ziphenduka zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/nsomi. Uma zifudunyezwa futhi, ziba bomvu bese zibuyela esimweni esijwayelekile. |
| Iminwe ethambile | Iminwe ibukeka njengesoseji futhi ivuvukala. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kuyaphela ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isikhumba seminwe siba siqinile, sibe sincane, futhi kube nzima ukusigoba (i-sclerodactyly). |
| Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba | Kungase kuvele amabala noma amabala abomvu noma abomvu ngokunsundu, ikakhulukazi emaqakaleni. |
I-MCTD izizwa kanjani ngesikhathi sokuqhuma kwesifo?
Umuntu one-MCTD akazizwa ngendlela efanayo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu zingase ziphele futhi zibe zijwayelekile. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lesi sifo siba sibi ngokuzumayo. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'ukuqhuma okukhulu'. Phakathi nalezi zikhathi, izimpawu zakho zingase zibe zimbi kancane.
- Kungase kube nobuhlungu obukhulu nokuvuvukala kwamalunga. Njengomuntu onesifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuthi i-rheumatoid arthritis, amalunga angase aqine futhi abe buhlungu kangangokuthi awakwazi ukugoba iminwe yawo ekuseni.
- Isenzakalo sikaRaynaud singaba sibi kakhulu. Ngisho nomkhuhlane omncane ungabangela iminwe ukuba ingazizwa kahle, iphelelwe amandla futhi ishintshe umbala.
- Ungase uzizwe ukhathele kakhulu , njengokungathi ube nomkhuhlane izinsuku eziningi, unemisipha ebuhlungu kanye nomuzwa wokuthi ubuthakathaka kakhulu ukuba ungenza noma yini.
Yini ebangela i-MCTD? Ubani osengozini enkulu?
Eqinisweni, abacwaningi abakayitholi imbangela eqondile ye-MCTD. Akusona isifo esidluliselwa ngqo kubazali siya ezinganeni, okusho ukuthi siwufuzo. Kodwa-ke, kutholakale ukuthi uma othile emndenini enesinye isifo sezicubu ezixhumeneyo, abanye bangase babe namathuba amancane okuthola lesi sifo.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngisola ukuthi ezinye izici zangaphandle nazo zingase zibe nomthelela kulokhu.
- Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane .
- Ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali athile , njenge-polyvinyl chloride kanye ne-silica.
Nakuba lesi sifo singakhula kunoma yimuphi ubudala, sivame ukubonakala kwabesifazane abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-20 no-30 .
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-MCTD?
I-MCTD akuyona nje isifo samalunga. Uma ingelashwa, ingalimaza izitho ezibalulekile futhi ibangele izinkinga ezinkulu. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.
Khumbula, akuzona zonke lezi zinkinga ezizokwenzeka kubo bonke abaguli, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela izingozi.
Izinkinga eziyinhloko ezingaba khona yilezi:
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu: Lena inkinga eyingozi kakhulu ye-MCTD. Kalula nje, ukwanda kwengcindezi emithanjeni yegazi ethwala igazi lisuka enhliziyweni liye emaphashini. Lokhu kubeka inhliziyo ingcindezi enkulu futhi kungaholela ezimweni ezimbi njengokwehluleka kwenhliziyo. Lesi simo siyimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa kweziguli ze-MCTD.
- Isifo samaphaphu angaphakathi: Ukuvuvukala kanye nezibazi zezicubu zamaphaphu, okungabangela ubunzima bokuphefumula.
- Isifo senhliziyo
- Ukulimala kwezinso
- Umonakalo womgudu wokugaya ukudla
- I-anemia
- Ukufa kwezicubu (i-necrosis)
- Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa
Odokotela basithola kanjani lesi sifo ngokunembile?
Njengoba sesixoxile ngaphambili, izimpawu ze-MCTD zingavela ngokulandelana ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okwenza kube nzima ngodokotela ukuxilonga. Kungathatha iminyaka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yi-MCTD. Kukhona udokotela ochwepheshe kulezi zimo, obizwa ngokuthi i-rheumatologist . Uma unalezi zimpawu, udokotela wakho cishe uzokudlulisela komunye walaba ochwepheshe.
Kunezici ezine eziyinhloko ezisiza ukuhlukanisa i-MCTD kwezinye izifo zezicubu ezixhumeneyo:
1. Amazinga aphezulu e-antibody ebizwa ngokuthi i-anti-U1-RNP egazini: Lokhu kungatholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okukhethekile. Le antibody iqondene ngqo neziguli ze-MCTD.
2. Ukungabikho kwezinkinga ezinkulu zezinso kanye nesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi: Lezi zinkinga zivame kakhulu kwi-lupus (SLE). Kodwa-ke, azivamile kakhulu kwi-MCTD.
3. Ukuba khona kwesifo samathambo esibi kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu: Lezi zimpawu zivame kakhulu kwi-MCTD kunakwi-lupus noma i-scleroderma yodwa.
4. Isenzakalo sikaRaynaud kanye nokuvuvukala kweminwe: Nakuba ama-25% kuphela eziguli ezine-lupus analezi zimpawu, zivame kakhulu phakathi kweziguli ezine-MCTD.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-MCTD?
Okokuqala, ayikho ikhambi le-MCTD. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezisebenzayo ezingakusiza ukuphatha izimpawu zakho, uvimbele izinkinga, futhi uphile impilo evamile. Ukwelashwa kuncike ohlotsheni lwezimpawu zakho, ubukhali besimo sakho, kanye nezitho zomzimba ezithintekile.
| Uhlobo lwesidakamizwa | Umsebenzi kanye nokusetshenziswa |
|---|---|
| Ama-Corticosteroids Isibonelo: i-prednisone | Lokhu kusebenza ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala emzimbeni nokulawula ukungasebenzi kahle kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. Kunganikezwa ngemithamo ephansi uma isifo singesibi kakhulu, futhi ngemithamo ephezulu uma sibi kakhulu. |
| Imithi yokulwa nomalaleveva Isibonelo: i-hydroxychloroquine | Lokhu kusiza ukuvimbela ukuqubuka kwesikhumba nokulawula izimpawu ezincane. |
| Izithiyo zesiteshi se-calcium | Lokhu kusiza ukulawula ukwenzeka kukaRaynaud ngokukhulula imisipha ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi, okuvumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze kalula. |
| Amanye ama-immunosuppressants | Uma izitho ezinkulu ezifana namaphaphu nezinso zonakele, kungadingeka ukunikeza imithi enamandla njengalena ukuze kulawulwe ukusebenza kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. |
| Imithi yokulwa nomfutho wegazi ophakeme | Lokhu kubalulekile ekulawuleni umfutho wegazi ophezulu emaphashini. |
Ungazinakekela kanjani?
Ngaphezu kokuthatha imithi udokotela wakho ayinikezayo, ukwenza izinguquko ezincane endleleni yakho yokuphila kungenza ukuphila nalesi sifo kube lula kakhulu.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yokubulala izinhlungu: Uma ubuhlungu obuncane kanye nokuvuvukala, ungakhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthatha imithi engeyona i-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) - njenge-ibuprofen - isibonelo. Kodwa ungalokothi usebenzise le mithi njalo ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela .
- Vikela izandla zakho emakhazeni: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma une-Raynaud's phenomenon. Gqoka amagilavu ngezinsuku ezibandayo. Gcina izandla zakho zifudumele uma usemakamelweni e-AC. Qaphela lapho ukhipha izinto esiqandisini.
- Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele: Ukubhema kubangela ukuthi imithambo yegazi inciphe kakhulu, okungenza isimo sikaRaynaud sibe sibi kakhulu.
- Nciphisa ukucindezeleka: Ukucindezeleka kuyimbangela enkulu yesifo sikaRaynaud. Ngakho zama ukuzola ingqondo yakho ngokwenza izinto ezifana nokuzivocavoca ukuphefumula nokuzindla. Uma kudingeka, futhi kuwumqondo omuhle ukufuna usizo kumeluleki wezempilo yengqondo.
Ukuphila isikhathi eside ne-MCTD
Njengoba i-MCTD iyisimo sesikhathi eside, kubalulekile ukufunda ukuphila nayo. Ikakhulukazi uma uthatha imithi efana ne-corticosteroids isikhathi eside, kungaba nemiphumela emibi.
- Ubuthakathaka bamathambo ngenxa ye-osteoporosis.
- Ukufa kwezicubu ngenxa yokuncipha kokunikezwa kwegazi ezicutshini.
- Ubuthakathaka bemisipha.
- Kulula ukungenwa yizifo.
Kumelwe uvakashele udokotela wakho ngesikhathi esihleliwe ukuze uphathe futhi uqaphe le miphumela emibi. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela ngqo.
Uma owesifazane one-MCTD ehlela ukuba nomntwana, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakhe kuqala . Lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Futhi, izingane ezizalwa omama abane-MCTD zingase zibe nesisindo esiphansi sokuzalwa.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezishiwo kulesi sihloko, ikakhulukazi uma ziphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela. Uma unezinhlungu ezintsha zamalunga noma zemisipha, ukuvuvukala eminweni yakho, noma izimpawu 'zesifo sikaRaynaud', funa iseluleko sezokwelapha.
Uma uya kudokotela, ungabuza le mibuzo:
- Iyini imbangela yezimpawu zami?
- Ingabe nginesifo esingaphezu kwesisodwa sezicubu ezixhumeneyo?
- Hlobo luni lokuhlolwa okudingeka ngilwenze?
- Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha isimo sami?
- Yini engingayenza ukuze ngivimbele lesi sifo ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu?
Njengoba uphila nalesi sifo, ungase uzibuze ukuthi impilo yakho izoba njani eminyakeni eyi-10 ezayo. Idatha ikhombisa ukuthi ngokwelashwa okufanele, cishe ama-80% eziguli angaphila okungenani iminyaka eyi-10 ngemva kokuxilongwa. Kodwa udokotela wakho kuphela ongakunikeza ulwazi olungcono kakhulu nolunembile ngalokhu. Ngoba kuncike ezintweni eziningi, njengohlobo lwesifo sakho kanye nezitho ezithintekile.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-MCTD yisifo esiyinkimbinkimbi sokuzivikela komzimba esihlanganisa izimpawu zezinye izifo eziningana, njenge-lupus, i-scleroderma, kanye ne-polymyositis.
- Izimpawu ezibonakala zingahlobene zingase zivele, njengobuhlungu bamalunga, ukukhathala okukhulu, iminwe evuvukele, kanye nokushintsha kombala weminwe esimweni sezulu esibandayo (sikaRaynaud).
- Nakuba lesi sifo singelapheki ngokuphelele, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo ezingalawula izimpawu, zivimbele izinkinga, futhi zikuvumele ukuthi uphile impilo evamile.
- Kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lochwepheshe, njengodokotela wamathambo, ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa.
- Ukuvakashela udokotela ngesikhathi, ukugwema ukubhema, ukuzivikela emakhazeni, nokulawula ukucindezeleka kubalulekile ekulawuleni izifo.
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