Ukwesaba iqhubu? Ake sixoxe ngokuhlolwa kwe-FNA (i-Fine-Needle Aspiration)

Ngezinye izikhathi, kuvela amaqhubu amancane noma izimila ngaphansi kwesikhumba ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba wethu, akunjalo? Kujwayelekile kakhulu ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile uma ubona into efana naleyo endaweni efana nentamo, ibele, noma ikhwapha. Uma uya kudokotela ngesikhathi esinjengalesi, angase akutshele ukuthi, "Ake sithathe isampula encane yalokhu sibone ukuthi kuyini." Yileyo ndlela indlela elula kakhulu, engenabuhlungu esetshenziswa ukuthola isampula yeseli esiqwini esisolisayo ebizwa ngokuthi i-Fine-Needle Aspiration, noma njengoba sonke sazi, ukuhlolwa kwe-FNA.

Kalula nje, kuyini lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-FNA?

Kulula kakhulu. Ngamafuphi, i-FNA inqubo esebenzisa inaliti encane ukuthatha isampula yamaseli, izicubu, noma uketshezi oluvela eqhubu noma esilondeni esisolisayo emzimbeni wakho. Kufana nokuthatha isampula yegazi. Abanye abantu bakubiza nangokuthi 'i-fine-needle biopsy'.

Isampula etholwe ngale ndlela ayimane nje ilahlwe. Ithunyelwa ngqo elabhorethri. Lapho, udokotela ochwepheshe bamaseli, obizwa ngokuthi isazi sezifo , uhlola amaseli ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Yilapho athola khona ukuthi amaseli angamaseli ajwayelekile, ukuthi anegciwane, noma ukuthi ayinto eyingozi, njengamaseli omdlavuza.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-FNA ne-Core Biopsy?

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa 'nge-Core Biopsy'. Zombili izinhlobo ze-biopsy ezisebenzisa inaliti. Kodwa kukhona umehluko omncane. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini.

Kalula nje, i-FNA ifana nokubuka amagama ambalwa ekhasini lencwadi. I-Core Biopsy ifana nokufunda isahluko sonke sencwadi. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi iyiphi kulezi zindlela ezimbili engcono kakhulu kuwe ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho.

Kukuziphi izimo lapho kwenziwa khona ukuhlolwa kwe-FNA?

I-FNA isetshenziselwa izinjongo ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukuxilongwa futhi ngezinye izikhathi njengokwelashwa.

Ukuxilongwa

Lena inhloso eyinhloko yokuhlolwa kwe-FNA: ukuthola ukuthi hlobo luni lweqhubu noma isimila.

• Thola ukuthi unomdlavuza yini.
• Thola ukuthi ngabe yithumba elibangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane . Isibonelo, ijoyinti eligcwele ubomvu (i-septic arthritis).
• Qiniseka ukuthi azinawo umdlavuza, njenge- cysts, i-fibroadenomas, noma i-lipomas .

Nakuba lokhu kuhlolwa kungenziwa eqhubu noma kuphi emzimbeni, kuvame ukwenziwa ezindaweni ezinjengalezi:

• Isifuba
• Indlala yegilo
• Ama-lymph node
• Isikhumba

Futhi, i-FNA manje ingenziwa ezithweni ezitholakala ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu, njenge-pancreas namaphaphu. Ngenxa yalokhu, odokotela basebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufana ne -ultrasound noma i-CT scans ukuqondisa inaliti ngokunembile, benza lokhu kuhlolwa ngokuphephile kakhulu.

Njengokwelashwa

Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlolwa kwe-FNA kusetshenziswa futhi njengokwelashwa.

• Susa ubomvu emathunjini .
• Khipha uketshezi oluvela kuma-cysts bese ulukhipha.
• Susa uketshezi (ama-seroma) oluqongelela ngemva kokuhlinzwa okuthile.

Ngale ndlela, uketshezi lususwa ngaphandle kokusikwa okukhulu, kusetshenziswa inaliti encane kuphela, engasiza ekuvimbeleni izibazi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezibalulekile ekubukekeni komzimba, njengamabele.

Ngingalungiselela kanjani lolu vivinyo?

Lena yingxenye engcono kakhulu. Ukuhlolwa kwe-FNA ngokuvamile akudingi noma yikuphi ukulungiselela okukhethekile . Akudingeki uhlale esibhedlela, futhi ungaya ekhaya ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlolwa.

Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo ecacile ngalokhu. Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule ukutshela udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi oyithathayo, ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi (ama-anticoagulant) . Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha le mithi ngosuku noma ezimbili ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa?

Le nqubo ishesha kakhulu futhi ilula. Ngokuvamile ihamba kanje:

1. Uzohlaliswa noma ulale phansi etafuleni lokuhlolwa.

2. Udokotela noma umhlengikazi uzohlanza kahle indawo lapho kuzofakwa khona inaliti ngesisombululo sokubulala amagciwane.

3. Okulandelayo, umjovo omncane we-anesthetic yendawo unganikezwa ukuze kuncishiswe indawo. Lokhu kuzonciphisa kakhulu ubuhlungu obuzwayo lapho kufakwa inaliti. Kungase kuzwakale sengathi intuthwane encane ikuhlaba.

4. Uma iqhubu lingaphakathi emzimbeni, udokotela uzosebenzisa umshini we-ultrasound ukuqondisa inaliti ngqo lapho kufanele iye khona.

5. Ngemuva kwalokho, inaliti encane ifakwa ngokucophelela kakhulu eqhubu bese kutholakala isampula yamaseli kusetshenziswa isirinji.

6. Kungadingeka ukuthatha amasampula angaphezu kwelilodwa. Uma kunjalo, kuzosetshenziswa inalithi entsha kanye nesipeyinti isikhathi ngasinye.

7. Uma umsebenzi usuqediwe, kufakwa iplasta encane noma ibhandishi endaweni lapho inaliti ifakwe khona.

Yonke inqubo ithatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela, ngakho-ke asikho isizathu sokwesaba.

Ingabe zikhona izingozi ngemva kwe-FNA?

I-FNA inqubo ephephile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yezokwelapha, kunezingozi ezincane kakhulu ezingase zenzeke. Kodwa-ke, lezi azivamile.

• Ubuhlungu obuncane kanye nokudumba: Kungase kube nobuhlungu obuncane kanye nokudumba endaweni yokujova usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Lokhu kuvamile.
• Ukopha: Abanye abantu bangase baphuze igazi, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanezinkinga zokujiya kwegazi noma labo abathatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi.
• Ukutheleleka: Kunethuba elincane kakhulu lokuthi amagciwane azongena endaweni yenaliti futhi abangele ukutheleleka.
• Ukulimala kwezicubu ezizungezile: Uma inaliti ifakwa, kunethuba elingavamile kakhulu lokuthi imizwa noma imithambo yegazi ezungeze iqhubu ingase yonakale.

Yiziphi izinto ezingafakwa embikweni engiwutholayo?

Umbiko welebhu ungase ube nemiphumela eminingana. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela le miphumela ngamagama alula.

• Awekho amaseli angajwayelekile: Lokhu kusho ukuthi iqhubu lijwayelekile futhi aliyona ingozi.
• Amaseli angajwayelekile najwayelekile ayaxutshwa: Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kungase kudingeke ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
• Amaseli angaphambi komdlavuza: Lawa ngamaseli angakabi umdlavuza, kodwa anamandla okuba umdlavuza esikhathini esizayo.
• Amaseli anomdlavuza: Uma kuqinisekiswe ukuthi iqhubu linomdlavuza, udokotela wakho uzokuqondisa enkambisweni elandelayo yokwelashwa.
• Ubufakazi bokutheleleka ngamagciwane: Uma iqhubu libangelwa ukutheleleka, kuzonikezwa imithi efana nama-antibiotic.

Ngezinye izikhathi, uma isampula etholiwe inganele, ungase ucelwe ukuthi uthathe esinye isampula. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umphumela uba yini, ungesabi futhi ukhulume nodokotela wakho ukuze unqume ukuthi yini ozoyenza ngokulandelayo.

Kufanele ngiphinde ngimbone nini udokotela?

Ngokuvamile azikho izinkinga ezinkulu ngemva kokuhlolwa kwe-FNA. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

• Uma uthola umkhuhlane
• Uma indawo yokufaka inaliti ibomvu, ivuvukele, noma ubomvu buphuma
• Uma ubuhlungu bukhula usuku nosuku
• Uma kukhona ushintsho olungalindelekile eqhubu (isb., ukuvuvukala okungazelelwe)