Ingabe siyazi ngempela nge-frostbite?

Sonke siyawuthanda umkhuhlane. Kodwa kuthiwani uma lowo mkhuhlane uba mkhulu kakhulu? Cabanga ukuthi usesendaweni efana neNuwara Eliya ngosuku olubandayo kakhulu, noma uphesheya kwezilwandle uyofunda noma usebenza futhi kuneqhwa elikhulu. Wake wacabanga ngomonakalo ongenziwa esikhumbeni sethu ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi? Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi "i-Frostbite" kwezokwelapha. Kalula nje, ngenxa yokubanda okukhulu, amangqamuzana ethu esikhumba kanye nezicubu ziyaqina, njengokuqandisa kwamanzi, futhi zonakele. Lokhu kufana nesikhumba esishiswa umkhuhlane. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sifunde konke mayelana ne-Frostbite ngendlela elula kakhulu nengxoxo.

Kuyini ngempela i-frostbite?

I-Frostbite umonakalo owenzeka lapho isikhumba sethu sibhekene namazinga okushisa angaphansi kwama-degree Celsius angu-0 (32 degrees Fahrenheit), okungaphansi kwezinga lokubanda lamanzi. Isikhumba sethu sakhiwe ngamanzi angaphezu kwama-60%. Ngakho-ke uma kubanda kakhulu, la manzi aqala ukuphenduka ama-cubes eqhwa. La ma-cubes eqhwa alimaza amangqamuzana esikhumba futhi anqande ukugeleza kwegazi kulezo zindawo. Lokhu kungabangela ngisho nokufa kwezicubu. Kwezokwelapha, sibiza lokhu ngokuthi ukufa kwezicubu (necrosis) .

Kunezimo eziningana lapho lesi simo kungenzeka khona kakhulu:

• Ebusika.
• Uma kunesimo sezulu esinamandla esinomoya.
• Ezindaweni eziphakeme njengeziqongo zezintaba.
• Uma kungekho ndawo yokukhosela yokuzivikela emakhazeni.

Khumbula, noma ngabe ugqoke izingubo ezifudumele, i-frostbite isengavela ngaphansi kwezingubo zakho. Uma usola ukuthi une-frostbite, phuma emakhazeni bese ungena endlini ngokushesha . Bese ubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu. Noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) . Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungavimbela umonakalo omkhulu.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-frostbite?

Noma ubani obhekene nomkhuhlane omkhulu angaba nalesi simo. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngeminwe, izinzwane, ikhala, nezindlebe, okuyizingxenye zomzimba wethu ezibhekene nomkhuhlane kakhulu.

Amaqembu asengozini enkulu yile:

• Abantu abangaphansi kweminyaka eyi-18 nangaphezulu kwengu-65: Izingane ezincane kanye nabantu asebekhulile banekhono eliphansi lokulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wabo.
• Abantu abahlala futhi basebenza emazweni anezimo ezibandayo: Ngoba bahlala bebhekene namakhaza.
• Labo abangenamakhaya noma abangenayo indawo yokuhlala efanele.
• Abantu abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo: Isibonelo, izimo ezifana nesifo semithambo yegazi engaphandle, ukungondleki kahle, i-Raynaud's syndrome, i-hypothyroidism, i-arthritis, noma isifo sikashukela.
• Abantu abasebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi: Ukubhema kubangela ukuthi imithambo yegazi inciphe, okunciphisa inani legazi eligeleza liye ezithweni.

Ziyini izigaba ze-frostbite?

I-Frostbite ayibi yimbi ngasikhathi sinye. Ikhula kancane kancane ngezigaba ezintathu. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela lezi zigaba ezintathu ngoba uma uziqaphela kusenesikhathi, ungagwema umonakalo omkhulu.

Kungenzeka yini ukuthi angazi ukuthi nginesifo sofuba?

Yebo, kunjalo impela. Into embi kakhulu nge-frostbite ukuthi iqeda isikhumba sakho, ngakho-ke ungahamba ungezwa lutho. Ungase ungaboni ngisho nomehluko ngemva kokubuya ekhaya uvela emakhazeni. Yingakho kunconywa ukuthi unciphise isikhathi sakho ngaphandle ngesikhathi sokushisa okukhulu.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi izingane ezincane zine-frostbite?

Kunzima kancane ukubona ukuthi ingane encane inalesi simo. Izingane azithuthumela njengabantu abadala. Izingane ezindala zijabule kakhulu ngokudlala kangangokuthi aziqapheli nokuthi ziyabanda. Yingakho thina, njengabazali, kudingeka siqaphele kakhulu.

Uma ukhipha ingane yakho emakhazeni ngisho noma isikhathi esifushane, njengemizuzu eyi-10, mhlole ngokucophelela uma umthola. Bheka noma yiziphi izinguquko embala wesikhumba sakhe, njengokubomvu, ukuphaphatheka, noma ukuba mpunga. Uma kukhona izinguquko, shayela udokotela ngokushesha. Uma izingane ezindala sezidlale emakhazeni isikhathi esingaphezu kwengxenye yehora, shintsha izingubo zazo ezimanzi, uzifake ezingutsheni ezomile, bese uzisonga ngengubo eqinile. Kuhle futhi ukuzigeza ngamanzi afudumele . Kodwa ungalokothi usebenzise amanzi ashisayo .

Yini okufanele uyenze uma uthola i-frostbite? Usizo lokuqala kanye nokwelashwa.

Ukwelashwa kwe-frostbite kuyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ikuphi.

Uma unesigaba 1 (i-Frostnip):

Ungakuphatha lokhu ekhaya.

1. Phuma emakhazeni ngokushesha: Ngena endlini noma endaweni efudumele ngokushesha okukhulu.

2. Susa izingubo ezibandayo: Susa izinto ezinjengamagilavu, izicathulo, namasokisi ngobumnene. Susa noma yimaphi amasongo noma amawashi, uma ekhona. Uma unezingubo ezimanzi, gqoka izingubo ezomile.

3. Fudumala kancane: Beka isikhumba esonakele esitsheni samanzi afudumele (hhayi ashisayo) cishe imizuzu engama-30. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kancane.

4. Gwema ukushisa okuqondile: Ungathinti lutho ngqo kuma-heater, amalangabi, njll. Isikhumba sakho sindikindiki futhi awukwazi ukuzwa ukushisa, okungabangela ukusha.

5. Ungahlikihli: Ungalokothi uhlikihle isikhumba esonakele. Ukwenza kanjalo kungalimaza kakhulu izicubu.

Uma kunezimpawu zesigaba sesibili noma sesithathu:

Esibhedlela, odokotela banikeza ukwelashwa okufana nalokhu:

• Ukufudumala umzimba: Fudumeza isikhumba ngamanzi afudumele noma izindwangu ezifudumele nezimanzi cishe imizuzu engama-30.
• Ukufaka umuthi emanxebeni:Isikhumba esonakele siyahlanzwa, kufakwa umuthi wokubulala amagciwane, bese iminwe iboshwa ngokwehlukana ukuze inganamatheli ndawonye.
• Ukuhlola ukujikeleza kwegazi: Uma kudingeka, kunikezwa uketshezi ngomugqa we-IV (usawoti) ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukujikeleza kwegazi.
• Ukunikeza imithi: Kunikezwa ama-antibiotic ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kanye nama-painkiller afana ne-Ibuprofen ngenxa yobuhlungu.
• Ukwelashwa nge-oxygen: Kwezinye izimo ezinzima, ungase unikezwe i-oxygen emsulwa ngaphansi kokucindezeleka okuphezulu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy'. Lokhu kusiza izicubu ukuba zelaphe ngokushesha.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Kwezinye zezimo ezinzima kakhulu, ukususwa kwezicubu ezifile kungadingeka ngokuhlinzwa, ngezinye izikhathi kudingeke ngisho nokunqunywa kwezingxenye ezifana neminwe.

Ungazivikela kanjani ekushayweni yiqhwa?

Bathi, “Ukuvimbela kungcono kunokwelapha.” Ngakho khumbula lezi zinto ukuze uhlale uphephile ekushayweni yiqhwa.

• Gwema umkhuhlane: Hlola imibiko yesimo sezulu bese uhlala endlini ngangokunokwenzeka ngezinsuku ezibandayo kakhulu.
• Nciphisa uhambo lwakho: Uma kufanele uphume ngempela, yiza endaweni efudumele njalo ngemizuzu eyi-15-20, uhlale isikhashana, bese uhamba futhi.
• Gqoka kahle: Gqoka izembatho ezikhululekile. Ukugqoka izembatho ezikhululekile nezikhululekile kuvumela umoya ukuthi ujikeleze phakathi kwezingqimba, okukusiza ukuthi uhlale ufudumele. Mboza izindlebe zakho, impumulo, nomlomo ngamasokisi afudumele, isigqoko, amagilavu ​​(ama-mittens angcono kunamagilavu), kanye ne-muffler.
• Shintsha izingubo ezimanzi ngokushesha: Uma izingubo zakho zimanzi, kungaba ngenxa yokujuluka noma iqhwa, shintsha zibe izingubo ezomile ngokushesha.
• Gcina ukujikeleza kwegazi lakho kukuhle: Ungagqoki izingubo noma izicathulo eziqinile. Ungahlali endaweni eyodwa, qhubeka uhambahamba.
• Gwema utshwala nokubhema: Nakuba ukuphuza utshwala kungakwenza uzizwe ushisa, empeleni kubangela ukuthi umzimba wakho ulahlekelwe ukushisa ngokushesha. Ukubhema kuvimbela imithambo yegazi.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Frostbite, i-Chilblains kanye ne-Hypothermia?

Nakuba zonke lezi zimo ezintathu zibangelwa umkhuhlane, zihlukile komunye nomunye.

• Ukulunywa yiqhwa: Njengoba sishilo, ukuchayeka emazingeni okushisa abandayo (ngaphansi kuka-0°C) kubangela umonakalo ezicutshini zesikhumba.
• Ama-Chilblains: Lokhu kwenzeka uma ubhekene namazinga okushisa angaphezu kweqhwa, kodwa ubanda kakhulu . Abangela amabala abomvu, alumayo, avuvukele esikhumbeni. Lokhu ngokuvamile akubi kakhulu futhi kuyaphola ngokwako.
• I-Hypothermia: Lena yiyona eyingozi kakhulu kulezi ezintathu. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izinga lokushisa lomzimba wonke, hhayi isikhumba kuphela, lehla ngendlela engavamile (ngaphansi kuka-95°F noma u-35°C). Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esingasongela impilo.

Kungenzeka ukuthi umuntu abe ne-Frostbite kanye ne-Hypothermia ngesikhathi esisodwa.