Wake wezwa udokotela wamehlo ethi, "Ake sithathe isithombe sengaphakathi leso lakho"? Kungenzeka ukuthi wamangala kancane lapho uzwa lokho. Isithombe sengaphakathi leso lakho? Usithatha kanjani? Ubonani kuso? Kumelwe ukuba kwafika imibuzo eminingi engqondweni. Igama lezokwelapha laso yi -Fundus Photography . Empeleni lokhu kuyivivinyo elingenabuhlungu, elilula kakhulu futhi elibalulekile lokuhlola impilo yeso lakho. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokucacile nangokulula namuhla.
Kuyini ngempela i-Fundus Photography?
Kalula nje, i-Fundus Photography inqubo ethatha isithombe (isithombe) sodonga lwangemuva lweso lakho, olubizwa ngokuthi i-fundus . Lesi sithombe sivumela udokotela wakho wamehlo ukuthi ahlole ngokucacile ezinye zezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zeso lakho ezibalulekile ekuboneni kwakho. Njengokuthatha i-X-ray yangaphakathi lomzimba wethu, lokhu kusenza sikwazi ukubona ingaphakathi leso lethu.
Cabanga ngeso lethu njengekhamera. Ukukhanya okuvela ngaphandle kungena esweni bese kushaya isikrini ngemuva. Leyo ngxenye efana nesikrini yilokho okubhekwa kakhulu yilolu vivinyo. Izingxenye eziyinhloko zaleyo ndawo yilezi:
- I-Retina: Lolu ungqimba lwamaseli azwela ukukhanya (`ama-photoreceptors`) ngemuva kweso. Kufana nefilimu ekhamera. Lawa maseli athola ukukhanya bese ethumela lolo lwazi njengezimpawu zikagesi ebuchosheni. Ubuchopho buhlanganisa lezo zimpawu ukuze bakhe isithombe "esisibonayo."
- I-Macula: Lena yingxenye ezwela kakhulu ye-retina. Amaseli azwela ukukhanya kule ngxenye asisiza sibone umbala nemininingwane emincane ngokucacile. Yilokhu okukusiza ukuthi wenze izinto ezinhle njengokufunda incwadi nokuqaphela othile.
- I-Optic Nerve: Lokhu kufana nekhebula ledatha phakathi kwamehlo ethu nobuchopho bethu. Lonke ulwazi oluqoqwe kusuka ku-retina luyiswa ebuchosheni ngalo mthambo. Izimo eziningi zamehlo zingathinta lo mthambo wokubona.
- I-Choroid: Lolu ungqimba olungaphansi kwe-retina. Luqukethe inethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi enikeza i-retina igazi, umoya-mpilo, kanye nezakhamzimba.
Ukugcina zonke lezi zingxenye ziphilile kubaluleke kakhulu ekuboneni kwakho. Izithombe ze-Fundus zingabona ngisho nezinguquko ezincane kulezi zingxenye.
Kuthathwa nini izithombe ze-fundus?
Lokhu kuhlolwa kungenziwa njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvamile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho izinkinga emehlweni akho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma unezimpawu zamehlo noma uzizwa sengathi umbono wakho ushintshile, lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthola imbangela.
Ukuthwebula izithombe ze-Fundus kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlola ukuthi zikhona yini izifo ezilandelayo noma ukuqapha ukuthi lezo zifo ziyalawuleka yini.
| Isimo noma imbangela | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Retinopathy Yesifo Sikashukela | Hlola ukuthi imithambo yegazi esweni yonakele noma yopha ngenxa yesifo sikashukela. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sikashukela. |
| I-Glaucoma | Hlola umonakalo emsipheni we-optic ngenxa yokwanda komfutho wamehlo. |
| Ukonakala kwe-Macular | Qaphela izinguquko ku-macula ezingase zenzeke ngokuguga futhi zithinte ukubona okucacile. |
| Ukudabuka noma ukuqhekeka kwe-retinal | Hlola ukuthi i-retina idabukile, ihlukanisiwe, noma yonakele ngandlela thile. |
| Izimo zemizwa ye-optic | Hlola izimo ezinjengokuvuvukala kwe-optic nerve (i-papilledema) noma ukoma (i-optic atrophy). |
| Izimila ngaphakathi kweso | Hlola ukuthi kukhona yini izimila ezinomdlavuza (isib. i-retinoblastoma) noma ezingezona umdlavuza ngaphakathi kweso. |
| Ama-Scotomas (amabala amnyama embonweni) | Uma ulahlekelwa ezinye izindawo zokubona kwakho, thola ukuthi imbangela ikuphi ngaphakathi kweso. |
Umshini owenza lokhu kuhlola usebenza kanjani?
Ikhamera ekhethekile isetshenziswa ukwenza izithombe ze-fundus. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'ikhamera ye-fundus'. Imitholampilo yamehlo ivame ukuba nenye yalezi zinhlobo zamakhamera okungenani. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamakhamera ikakhulukazi.
1. Ikhamera ejwayelekile ye-fundus: Lena idivayisi ebukeka njenge-binoculars. Inefreyimu ehlukile ongayibeka kuyo isilevu sakho nebunzi. Kukhona ilensi ngakolunye uhlangothi ukuze udokotela ayibone. Ngaphambi kokuthatha isithombe ngalolu hlobo lwekhamera , kufakwa amaconsi athile avulekayo esweni lakho ukuze enze i-pupil ivuleke. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubone ingaphakathi leso lakho ngokucacile.
2. Amakhamera asebenzisa i-laser ebanzi: Lawa amakhamera amasha kakhulu. Angathatha isithombe esicacile, esibanzi sengaphakathi leso ngaphandle kokukhulisa i-pupil. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi isithombe siba sobala uma ufaka amaconsi emehlweni. Kulokhu, kufanele ubheke emgodini ojikelezayo.
Yini ongayilindela ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokuhlolwa?
Akudingeki wenze noma yimaphi amalungiselelo akhethekile alolu vivinyo.
Kodwa-ke, uma udokotela wakho enquma ukufaka amaconsi amehlo esweni lakho ukuze enze ikhanda lakho elimnyama libe likhulu, kuzothatha imizuzu embalwa (ngokuvamile engu-15-20) ukuthi umuthi usebenze. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, kuzodingeka ulinde isikhashana.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa...
Okuhlangenwe nakho kwakho kungahluka kancane kuye ngohlobo lwekhamera udokotela wakho ayisebenzisayo.
- Uma uvela kwikhamera evamile:
Uzohlala esihlalweni bese ubeka isilevu sakho nebunzi lakho ohlakeni lwekhamera. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi uthathe isithombe esicacile ngokushesha ngoba ikhanda lakho ngeke linyakaze. Uma ubheka kudivayisi, uzobona ukukhanya okuncane. Kuzodingeka ukuthi ukubheke. Udokotela noma uchwepheshe ngakolunye uhlangothi uzolungisa ikhamera bese ethatha izithombe ngasinye. Lokhu kungenziwa ngeso elilodwa noma zombili.
- Uma usuka kukhamera yelaser:
Kulokhu, ucelwa ukuthi ubheke ngqo endaweni eyindilinga. Njengoba ubheka, ukukhanya okuluhlaza okukhanyayo , njengokukhanya kwe-photocopier, kudlula embonweni wakho cishe umzuzwana. Yilapho-ke isithombe sithathwa khona. Ngokuvamile, cishe izithombe ezintathu zithathwa ngeso ngalinye.
Lokhu kuhlolwa kuyashesha kakhulu. Kuthatha imizuzwana embalwa nje ukuthatha isithombe esisodwa. Futhi akubuhlungu nhlobo .
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlolwa? Ngizoyazi kanjani imiphumela?
Ngemva kokuthathwa kwezithombe, uzothola ithuba lokukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Amakhamera amaningi manje akuvumela ukuthi ubuke izithombe ngqo esikrinini sekhompyutha yakho.
Udokotela uzobeka izithombe ngokushesha esikrinini sekhompyutha bese ezikukhombisa, echaza ukuthi yini engaphakathi kweso.
- Uma konke kuhamba kahle , udokotela uzokutshela kanjalo.
- Uma kukhona izinguquko noma izimpawu zokugula , bazochaza ukuthi ziyini nokuthi benzeni ngazo.
- Uma uke wakwenza lokhu kuhlolwa ngaphambilini, ungaqhathanisa nezithombe ezintsha nezindala . Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi yiziphi izinguquko ezenzeke ngaphakathi kweso ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Kuye ngemiphumela yezithombe, udokotela wakho angenza okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu okulandelayo:
- Ngincoma ezinye izivivinyo.
- Ukusikisela izindlela zokwelapha.
- Ukunikeza usuku lokuhlangana kabusha.
- Ukudluliselwa komunye uchwepheshe.
Ingabe kukhona izingozi noma imiphumela emibi kulokhu?
I-Fundus Photography iyisivivinyo esiphephile kakhulu . Cishe azikho imiphumela emibi evela kulolu vivinyo.
Kodwa-ke, uma unezinhlansi ezivulekayo ukuze ukhulise iso lakho elimnyama, ungase ube nemiphumela emibi emincane. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, lokhu kungokwesikhashana .
- Umbono ungase ungabonakali kahle.
- Kungaba nzima ukulungisa amehlo abe nokukhanya okukhanyayo (`ukuzwela ukukhanya` noma `ukusaba ukukhanya`).
Lesi simo sivame ukuphela ngokuphelele phakathi namahora ambalwa. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi imiphumela yalo muthi izohlala isikhathi esingakanani.
Ngingakwazi yini ukushayela imoto ngemva kokuhlolwa?
Lena inkinga abantu abaningi abanayo. Uma amehlo akho amnyama ekhuliswe ngamaconsi emehlweni, kuphephile ukugwema ukushayela amahora ambalwa . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umbono wakho awubonakali kahle, okwandisa ingozi yengozi. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuza nomuntu noma ukusebenzisa izinto zokuhamba zomphakathi uma uza kulesi sivivinyo kunokushayela wedwa.
Umtholampilo uvame ukukunikeza izembozo ezinombala ezingafakwa njengezibuko zelanga ukuze unciphise ukuzwela ekukhanyeni.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Fundus Photography iyindlela elula kakhulu futhi engenabuhlungu ethatha isithombe sengaphakathi lengemuva leso lakho.
- Lokhu kuhlolwa kungathola izimo eziningi, njengesifo sikashukela, i-glaucoma, kanye nokuwohloka kwe-macular, mhlawumbe ngisho nangaphambi kokuba ube nezimpawu.
- Ukuhlolwa kuphephile kakhulu. Imiphumela emibi kuphela ibangelwa amaconsi eso akhulisa iso elimnyama, futhi ngisho nalawo awesikhashana.
- Uma ufaka amaconsi emehlweni akho, umbono wakho ungase ufiphale amahora ambalwa. Ngakho-ke, kuwukuhlakanipha ukugwema ukushayela ngalolo suku.
- Uma unemibuzo mayelana nalolu vivinyo noma imiphumela, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela impilo yamehlo akho.
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