Ingabe ingane yakho inomdlavuza wobuchopho onjengalona? Masiqaphele (i-Ganglioglioma)!

Ingabe ingane yakho encane ivele ibe nesifo sokuwa? Noma ingabe ihlala ikhala ngokuthi ikhanda layo libuhlungu lapho ivuka ekuseni? Kujwayelekile ngawe njengomzali ukuzizwa wesaba kakhulu uma ubona izinto ezinjengalezi. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaba izimpawu zesimila esincane ebuchosheni. Yingakho namuhla sicabange ukukhuluma ngalolu hlobo olungavamile lwesimila sobuchopho esibizwa ngokuthi i-Ganglioglioma . Ungakhathazeki, sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe nangokulula.

Iyini le Ganglioglioma?

Kalula nje, i-Ganglioglioma uhlobo olungavamile kakhulu lwesimila sobuchopho. Sakhiwe yinhlanganisela yezinhlobo ezimbili zamaseli: amaseli e-neuronal namaseli e-glial .

Cabanga ngakho, ubuchopho bethu bufana nomshini oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.

• Amaseli ezinzwa afana nezintambo ezithwala ulwazi emuva naphambili kulo mshini. Lawa maseli anesibopho sokuthwala ulwazi emizimbeni yethu yonke.
• Amaseli e-Glial afana nabasebenzi bokusekela abasiza ukugcina lezo zintambo zisendaweni yazo. Akha isakhiwo sesimiso sethu sezinzwa esiyinhloko , futhi asebenza ndawonye nama-neurons ukuze awasize asebenze.

Ama-ganglioglioma abizwa nangokuthi ama-mixed neuronal-glial tumors ngoba akha ngokuhlanganiswa kwazo zombili izinhlobo zamaseli. Avame ukubonakala ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abasebasha .

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi isikhathi esiningi, la ma-ganglioglioma mancane, akhula kancane, futhi awawona umdlavuza (angabi yingozi) . Lokhu kusho ukuthi awasabalali kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe awawona umdlavuza, angabangela izinkinga ngoba asebuchosheni, ngakho-ke ukwelashwa kuyadingeka.

Ama-ganglioglioma amaningi ahlukaniswa njenge -gliomas yezinga eliphansi . Ama-gliomas ayizimila ezikhula ebuchosheni noma emgogodleni ngenxa yokukhula okungalawuleki kwamaseli e-glial. Ngenxa yokuthi asezingeni eliphansi, awawona umdlavuza futhi anengozi encane yokuphinda avele.

Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu, la ma-Ganglioglioma angaba sezingeni eliphezulu . Uma kunjalo, angaba yingozi . Anolaka kakhulu, asakazeka ngokushesha, futhi avame ukuphinda avele ngemva kokwelashwa.

Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-ganglioglioma? Akheka kuphi?

Ama-ganglioglioma avame ukutholakala ezingxenyeni zobuchopho bakho eziseduze nezindlebe zakho, ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-temporal lobes . Kodwa-ke, angakhula noma kuphi ebuchosheni. Isibonelo:

• Ubuchopho - Ingxenye enkulu yobuchopho bethu.
• I-Brainstem - Indawo lapho ubuchopho nomgogodla kuhlangana khona.
• I-Cerebellum - ingxenye elawula ibhalansi.
• I-Thalamus
• I-Hypothalamus

Akukhona lokhu kuphela, ngezinye izikhathi lezi zimila zingakheka nasentanjeni yomgogodla .

Kukhona olunye uhlobo olungavamile kakhulu, olubizwa ngokuthi i-Desmoplastic Infantile Ganglioglioma . Lokhu kuvame ukuvela engxenyeni engenhla yobuchopho ezinganeni ezincane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-2 .

Sivame kangakanani lesi sifo?

I-Ganglioglioma empeleni iyisimo esingavamile kakhulu. Isibonelo, e-United States, cishe izingane ezingu-4,000 ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-19 zitholakala zinesifo sobuchopho noma somgogodla minyaka yonke. Kodwa-ke, cishe u-1% kuya ku-2% walezo zingane unazo i-gangliogliomas. Ngakho-ke, lokhu akuyona into engavamile kangako.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?

Njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, njengoba lezi zimila zivame ukukhula ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwesimo sezulu, kunethuba elikhulu lokuba nesifo sokuwa . Ngakho-ke, ukuxhuzula cishe kuyisibonakaliso sokuqala osibonayo enganeni yakho.

Ezinye izimpawu zivame ukukhula kancane kancane. Lezi zimpawu zingase zihluke kuye ngokuthi isimila sikuphi ebuchosheni:

• Ubuhlungu bekhanda , ikakhulukazi uma uvuka ekuseni.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza .
• Ubunzima bokugwinya .
• Ukubona okukabili .
• Ukuhamba okungazinzile .
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele (Ukukhathala) .
• Isiyezi .
• Ubuthakathaka ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba wakho .

Uma ingane yakho inesinye salezi zimpawu noma ngaphezulu, kungcono ukubona udokotela ngokushesha bese uyahlolwa.

Kungani le Ganglioglioma ikhula?

Ezimweni eziningi, kunzima ukuthola imbangela ethile yokukhula kwala ma-Ganglioglioma. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akhula cishe ngokungahleliwe.

Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi bathole ukuthi ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo ku-BRAF gene kutholakala phakathi kuka-10% no-60% walezi zinhlayiya ze-ganglioglioma. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo kungatholakala nakwezinye izinhlobo zezimila, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukusho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi lokhu kuyimbangela ethile ye-gangliogliomas.

Yiziphi izinto ezibangela lesi simo?

Izingane ezinezimo ezithile zofuzo zisengozini enkulu kancane yokuthola izimila ze-glial, okuhlanganisa ne-ganglioglioma. Ezinye zalezi zimo zifaka:

• Uhlobo 1 lwe-Neurofibromatosis (NF1)
• I-Tuberous sclerosis
• I-Turcot syndrome
• I-Li-Fraumeni syndrome
• I-Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome

Ngaphezu kwalokho, idatha ikhombisa ukuthi abafana ngokuvamile banamathuba amaningi okuthola izimila zobuchopho nomgogodla kunamantombazane, nokuthi izingane ezimhlophe zithola lezi zimila kaningi kunezingane zezinye izinhlanga.

Ukubona kanjani lokhu ngqo?

Uma ingane yakho inalezi zimpawu, udokotela uzoqala ngokuyihlola kahle. Bese bezokubuza ngezimpawu zengane yakho kanye nomlando wayo wezokwelapha.

Okulandelayo, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa . Lokhu kuhlola ukusabela kwengane, amandla emisipha, ukunyakaza komlomo namehlo, ukwazi, kanye nokuxhumana.

Ngemva kwalezi zivivinyo zokuqala, udokotela uzoncoma ezinye izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa:

• I-CT scan (i-computed tomography - i-CT scan) : Lokhu kusebenzisa uchungechunge lwe-X-ray kanye nekhompyutha ukuthatha izithombe zobuchopho bengane ezihlukaniswe ngezigaba.
• Ukuskena kwe-MRI (Ukubona nge-Brain magnetic resonance imaging - Ukuskena kwe-MRI) : Lokhu kusebenzisa i-magnet enamandla, amaza omsakazo, kanye nekhompyutha ukukhiqiza izithombe ezinemininingwane eminingi yobuchopho. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekunqumeni indawo eqondile kanye nosayizi wesimila.
• I-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram - i-EEG) : Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa izimpawu zikagesi kanye nomsebenzi wobuchopho bengane. Lokhu kungasiza ekutholeni imbangela yokuxhuzula, ikakhulukazi uma kuyixhuzula.
• I-Biopsy : Ngezinye izikhathi, kuye ngesimo sengane, udokotela ohlinzayo wezinzwa angenza i-biopsy. Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu esigaxeni, kungaba ngokuhlinzwa noma ngokusikwa okuncane, bese sihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ngudokotela wezifo . Ngaphezu kwalokho, le sampula yezicubu ingathunyelwa kwezinye izivivinyo ezikhethekile, njengokuhlolwa kwe-genomic . Lokhu kungasiza ekuboneni uhlobo oluqondile lwezicubu.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Ganglioglioma?

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho ithola ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu, kungcono ukuyithumela esikhungweni sezokwelapha sezingane . Kufanele ubonane nodokotela wezifo zomdlavuza wezingane oqinisekiswe yibhodi noma udokotela wezifo zobuchopho wezingane onolwazi lokwelapha ama-ganglioglioma.

Ukwelashwa okunikezwa ingane kuncike ezintweni eziningana:

• Impilo yengane iyonke, ubudala, kanye nezimo zezokwelapha ezikhona kakade.
• Uhlobo lwesimila, indawo yaso ebuchosheni, kanye nobukhulu baso.
• Ubunzima besimila.
• Ukuthi ingane ingakwazi kahle kangakanani ukubekezelela ukwelashwa okuthile, ukuhlinzwa, noma imithi.
• Ukuthi isimila sizoqhubeka kanjani njengoba odokotela belindele.

Umzila wokuqala wokwelashwa ngokuvamile ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isimila. Udokotela uzozama ukususa isimila esiningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi uma isimila sisengxenyeni ebucayi kakhulu yobuchopho, kungaba nzima ukusisusa ngokuphelele.

Cabanga nje, uma isimila singenakususwa ngokuphelele, futhi uma sisezingeni eliphezulu, odokotela bangase basebenzise ukwelashwa ngemisebe ngokulandelayo.

• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe : Lokhu kusebenzisa ama-X-ray anamandla aphezulu noma ezinye izinhlobo zemisebe ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza noma ukuwavimba ekukhuleni noma ekuhlukaneni. Lokhu kwelashwa kungaqondisa indawo eqondile yesimila futhi kunikeze imisebe. Lokhu kwelashwa kunganconywa uma isimila sikhula kancane (siqhubeka) noma uma sibuyile ngemva kokuhlinzwa (siphinde sibuye).
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali : Lokhu kuhilela ukunikeza imithi ebulala noma enciphisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
• Ukwelashwa okuqondiwe : Lokhu futhi kuyindlela yokwelapha ngemithi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kusebenzisa imithi eqondisa uphawu oluthile kuphela esimila. Ama-ganglioglioma amaningi anezimpawu ezithile, njengokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ze-BRAF esikhulume ngakho ngaphambilini. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha eziqondiwe zingabhubhisa lezo zimpawu.

Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela bangase batuse ukuthi izingane ezinezimila eziphindaphindayo ezingasabeli kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha zithunyelwe ezivivinyweni zemitholampilo , okuyizifundo ezihlola izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha.

Iyini iphrojekthi?

Yilokhu abazali abaningi abafuna ukukwazi. Izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu yengane ene-ganglioglioma lingaphezu kuka-90% . Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane inethuba elihle kakhulu lokusinda eminyakeni emihlanu ngemva kokuxilongwa.

Kodwa-ke, leli thuba lokululama lincike ezintweni eziningana, njengezinga lesimila, iminyaka yengane, kanye nendawo yesimila ebuchosheni.

Ingabe kukhona ithuba lokubuyela emuva? (Ukubuyela emuva)

Ama-ganglioglioma angaphezu kwama-95% asezingeni eliphansi , okusho ukuthi cishe awaphinde avele ngemva kokuba isimila sisusiwe ngokuphelele.

Kodwa-ke, izimila zezinga eliphezulu, njenge- Ganglioglioma yebanga lesi-3, zinethuba eliphakeme kancane lokuphinde zivele ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Ingabe lokhu kungavinjelwa ukuthi kwenzeke?

Ngeshwa, abacwaningi abakazi kahle ukuthi kungani ezinye izingane zithola ama-Ganglioglioma kanti ezinye azinawo. Ngakho-ke, okwamanje ayikho indlela yokuvimbela lesi simo ukuthi singabi khona..

Kufanele ngiyise nini ingane yami kudokotela ?

Uma ingane yakho ivele ihlaselwe yisifo sokuwa, noma uma ikhombisa esinye noma ngaphezulu sezimpawu engizikhulumile ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko (njengokuqaqamba kwekhanda ekuseni, isicanucanu, ubunzima bokuhamba), kubalulekile ukuyisa ingane yakho kudokotela ngokushesha ukuze iyohlolwa .

Izimpawu ze-Ganglioglioma zingafana nezezinye izimo zempilo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okufanele ukuze wazi kahle ukuthi kwenzekani.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Uma uthola ukuthi ingane yakho ine-ganglioglioma, kuvamile ukuba nemibuzo eminingi engqondweni yakho. Nansi eminye imibuzo ongayibuza udokotela:

• Hlobo luni lwe-Ganglioglioma ingane yami enalo?
• Ingabe umdlavuza?
• Lesi simila sizoyithinta kanjani ingqondo kanye nempilo yengane yami?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
• Ungancoma amaqembu okusekela asiza imindeni yezingane ezine-ganglioglioma?

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule...

"Ingane yakho inesimila sobuchopho." Ukuzwa lawo mazwi kungazwakala njengomzuzwana oqandisiwe ngesikhathi. Ngomzuzwana owodwa oshaqisayo, impilo yakho ingazizwa sengathi ishintshe unomphela.

Kodwa, ungalilahli ithemba. Nakuba la mazwi engase ashaqise futhi esabise, khumbula ukuthi ama-ganglioglioma amaningi awawona amathumba angewona umdlavuza, asezingeni eliphansi.

Kungokwemvelo ukwesaba lapho ingane yakho itshelwa ukuthi inesimila, futhi ukwelashwa kuyadingeka nakanjani. Kodwa-ke, ingane yakho inamathuba amaningi okuqeda lesi simila maduze . Khuluma nodokotela wengane yakho ngesimo sayo kanye nokubikezela kwayo. Bazokunikeza lonke ulwazi oludingayo.

I- Ganglioglioma, izimila zobuchopho, izingane, ukuquleka, isifo sokuwa, ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho, umdlavuza