Ake sifunde nge-Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS), isifo esingajwayelekile esibangela ukulahlekelwa ingqondo kanye nokuba ndikindiki ngokuzumayo.

Cabanga ukuthi ubunobuhlungu besisu noma umkhuhlane cishe ngesonto eledlule futhi wawuphilile. Kodwa ngokuzumayo uqala ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka obungavamile, uqala ngezinzwane zakho. Ngemva kosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili, lo muzwa usakazeka emilenzeni yakho, okwenza kube nzima ukuhamba. Ngemuva kwalokho izingalo zakho zizwa sengathi zizophela amandla. Kuyesabeka kancane ukuzwa ngento efana nale, akunjalo? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngalesi simo esingavamile nesingavamile esibizwa ngokuthi i-Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Nakuba igama kunzima ukulibiza, kubalulekile ukwazi ngalo.

Kalula nje, iyini i-Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)?

I-Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) yisimo esingavamile lapho amasosha omzimba wethu eqala ukuhlasela khona isimiso sethu sezinzwa, ikakhulukazi imizwa engaphandle egijimela emalungeni ethu. Ibizwa nangokuthi isimo sokuzivikela komzimba .

Cabanga ngemizwa emzimbeni wethu njengezintambo zikagesi. Njengoba nje kukhona ukuvikela okuzungeze lezi zintambo zikagesi, kukhona isembozo esivikelayo esibizwa ngokuthi i-myelin esizungeze izinzwa zethu. Lapho kwenzeka i-GBS, amasosha ethu omzimba ahlasela futhi abhubhise lesi sembozo se-myelin. Bese kuthi, njengokungathi ukuvikela kwalezo zintambo zikagesi kususiwe, izimpawu ezivela ebuchosheni ngemizwa azihambi kahle. Yingakho amalungu eqala ukuba ndikindiki futhi alahlekelwe ukuphila kwawo.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokwelashwa okufanele, abantu abaningi bangalulama ngokuphelele kulesi simo , kodwa kungathatha isikhathi.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthola i-GBS? Kuvamile kangakanani lokhu?

I-GBS ingathinta noma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala. Izingane ezincane, abantu abadala abasebasha, kanye nabantu asebekhulile bonke basengozini. Kodwa-ke, idatha ikhombisa ukuthi abantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-30 no-50 banamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi simo.

Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu. Emhlabeni wonke, i-GBS yenzeka cishe kumuntu oyedwa kwabangu-100,000 abasanda kuzalwa ngonyaka. Lokho kusho ukuthi ngokwesilinganiso, cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-78,000,000 uba nalesi sifo minyaka yonke. Ngakho-ke akusona isifo esivame kakhulu.

Yiziphi izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-GBS?

Ku-GBS, izimpawu zihlobene nokulimala kwezinzwa eziseceleni ezilawula izinto ezifana nokunyakaza kwemisipha yethu, ubuhlungu, izinga lokushisa, kanye nokuthinta.

Kuqala ngobuthakathaka bemisipha kanye/noma ukungazweli (i-paresthesia) . Lezi zimpawu zivela ngokuzumayo. Ngokuvamile ziqala emilenzeni nasezinyaweni bese zisakazeka kancane kancane phezulu, ziye ezingalweni nasebusweni. Ubuthakathaka emilenzeni bungenza kube nzima ukukhuphuka izitebhisi noma ukuhamba.

Ubunzima be-GBS buyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezincane kakhulu futhi balulame. Abanye bangase babe nezimpawu ezinzima. Ngezansi kunezinye izimpawu ezingase zibonakale.

Yiziphi izinkinga eziyingozi ezingabangelwa yi-GBS?

I-GBS ingabangela izinkinga ezisongela ukuphila uma ithinta uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa oluzimele. Uhlelo lwezinzwa oluzimele luhlelo olulawula imisebenzi yomzimba wethu ngaphandle kokuqaphela. Isibonelo, izinto ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi, kanye nokugaya ukudla. Ukungasebenzi kahle kwalolu hlelo kubizwa ngokuthi i-dysautonomia .

Izinkinga ezinkulu ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-GBS yilezi:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo
• Ukungazinzi komfutho wegazi (okuphezulu kakhulu noma okuphansi kakhulu)
• Izinkinga zesistimu yokugaya ukudla
• Ubunzima bokulawula umchamo, njengokugcinwa komchamo

Ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka kube nezinkinga ezinjengalezi, iziguli ze-GBS zivame ukugcinwa egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile esibhedlela (ICU) futhi ziqashwe njalo.

Kungani i-GBS ikhula? Iyini imbangela?

Imbangela eqondile ye-GBS ayikakaziwa, kodwa odokotela bayibiza ngokuthi i-neuropathy ebangelwa amasosha omzimba ngemva kokutheleleka . Ake sikuchaze kalula.

1. Ngemuva kokutheleleka: "Ngemva kokutheleleka " kusho "ngemva." Lokhu kusho ukuthi lesi sifo sivame ukuvela ngemva kokuba olunye ukutheleleka seluphelile. Cishe abantu abangu-70% abathola i-GBS baye baba nohlobo oluthile lokutheleleka phakathi nesonto kuya emavikini ayisithupha okuqala kwezimpawu.

2. Ukuzivikela komzimba: Sesikhulume ngalokhu ngaphambili. Lesi sifo sibangelwa impendulo engavamile evela ohlelweni lwethu lokuzivikela komzimba. Ngemva kokulwa nokutheleleka, amasosha omzimba abanye abantu ayaphazamiseka bese eqala ukuhlasela imizwa yabo.

3. I-Neuropathy: Kalula nje, ukulimala kwemizwa. Ku-GBS, umonakalo ubangelwa yimizwa engaphandle.

Izici eziyinhloko ezibangela ukwenzeka kwe-GBS

Abacwaningi bathole izifo eziningana ezinkulu kanye nezinye izimbangela ezifaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kwe-GBS.

• Uhudo noma ukutheleleka kokuphefumula: Cishe abantu ababili kwabathathu abane-GBS banesifo sohudo noma ukutheleleka kokuphefumula amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu. I-Campylobacter jejuni , igciwane elibangela uhudo, litholakale njengembangela enkulu ye-GBS.
• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane: Abanye abaguli be-GBS kubikwe ukuthi banesifo sokutheleleka ngegciwane njenge-flu, i-cytomegalovirus, i-Epstein-Barr virus, kanye ne-Zika virus .
• Imithi Yokugoma: Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu , i-GBS ibikwe ukuthi ikhula ezinsukwini noma amasonto ngemva kokuthola imithi ethile yokugoma. Kodwa-ke, into ebalulekile okufanele uyiqonde lapha ukuthi izinzuzo zokugoma zidlula kakhulu le ngozi engavamile kakhulu . Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi ingozi yokuthola i-GBS ngokuthola umkhuhlane iphakeme kakhulu kunengozi yokuthola i-GBS ngokuthola umuthi wokugoma umkhuhlane.
• Ukuhlinzwa:Futhi, akuvamile kakhulu, i-GBS ingenzeka ngemva kokuhlinzwa okuthile.

I-GBS itholakala kanjani?

Odokotela baxilonga i-GBS ngokusekelwe kakhulu ezimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wezokwelapha. Udokotela wakho uzokubuza ukuthi izimpawu zakho zaqala kanjani futhi nini, nokuthi ngabe uke waba nezifo muva nje. Bazobe sebekwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ikakhulukazi ukuhlola ubuthakathaka bemisipha kanye nokwehla kokuguquguquka kwemisipha ejulile, njengasemadolweni.

Kodwa-ke, njengoba kunezinye izifo eziningi zezinzwa ezinezimpawu ezifana neze-GBS, udokotela uzoncoma ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuze anqume ezinye izifo futhi aqinisekise isimo se-GBS.

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Electromyography (EMG) kanye nokuhlolwa kokuqhuba imizwa: Lokhu kuhlolwa kungahlola impilo kanye nokusebenza kwemisipha yakho kanye nemizwa eyilawulayo.
• Ukubhoboza Umgogodla/Umthambo Wethambo: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka inalithi encane emhlane wakho ongezansi ukuze kuthathwe isampula encane yoketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF), oluzungeze ubuchopho bakho kanye nomgogodla. Cishe ama-80% eziguli ezine-GBS anamazinga aphezulu eprotheni kulolu ketshezi.
• I-MRI scan: I-MRI scan yomgogodla wakho nayo inganconywa.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-GBS?

Uma kutholakale ukuthi une-GBS, cishe uzolaliswa egunjini lokunakekela abagula kakhulu esibhedlela (ICU) ukuze uthole ukwelashwa ngokushesha kwanoma yiziphi izinkinga esixoxe ngazo ekuqaleni, njengobunzima bokuphefumula kanye nokushintsha komfutho wegazi.

Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-GBS okwamanje. Kodwa-ke, kunezindlela ezimbili zokwelapha eziyinhloko ezinganciphisa ubukhulu besifo futhi zinciphise isikhathi sokululama.

Uma noma yikuphi kwalokhu kwelashwa kuqalwa zingakapheli amasonto amabili kusukela izimpawu ziqale, isikhathi sokululama singafinyezwa kakhulu.

Ukuvuselelwa

Njengoba isimo sakho sithuthuka kancane kancane, ungase udluliselwe esikhungweni sokwelapha. Lapho, abelaphi abahlukahlukene bazokusiza ukuthi uphinde uthole amandla akho futhi ubuyele ezingeni lapho ungenza khona imisebenzi yansuku zonke wedwa.

• Ukwelashwa Komzimba: Ukuzivocavoca kanye nokwelashwa kunikezwa ukuze kwakhiwe kabusha amandla emisipha futhi kulawulwe ubuhlungu kanye nokuqina.
• Ukwelashwa Komsebenzi: Kukusiza ukuthi ufunde ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke njengokugqoka nokudla futhi ngokuphepha nangokulula.
• Ukwelashwa Ngenkulumo: Uma unenkinga yokugwinya noma yokukhuluma, singakusiza ukuthi uphinde uthole lawo makhono.

Liyini ikusasa lomuntu one-GBS?

Iningi labantu abane-GBS liyalulama kakhulu phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu, ikakhulukazi abantu abadala, bangase babe nobuthakathaka bemisipha ethile ngemva kweminyaka emithathu. Inqubo yokululama ingathatha isikhathi eside kwabanye abantu.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi abantu abalulama ku-GBS bangaphila isikhathi esijwayelekile sokuphila . Ingozi yokufa ngesikhathi sesigaba esibi salesi sifo ingaphansi kuka-2%. Lokhu kungenxa kakhulu yokwelashwa okuthuthukisiwe kokunakekelwa okujulile okutholakalayo namuhla.

Ingabe i-GBS ingavinjelwa?

Ezimweni eziningi, i-GBS ayinakuvinjelwa. Abacwaningi abakazi kahle ukuthi kungani abanye abantu beba ne-GBS uma bethola ukutheleleka kanti abanye abakwenzi.

Kodwa singayinciphisa ingozi ngezinga elithile ngokuzivikela ezifweni ezingaholela ku-GBS.

• Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho njalo.
• Gwema abantu abanezifo ezithelelanayo njengohudo kanye nomkhuhlane.
• Ukuze ugcine amasosha omzimba wakho eqinile, yidla ukudla okunempilo nokuzivocavoca umzimba.
• Thola yonke imijovo yakho ngesikhathi.

I-GBS yisimo esibucayi esingaguqula impilo yakho ngokuzumayo. Kodwa ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi ngokwelashwa okufanele kanye nokuvuselelwa, abantu abaningi bangabuyela empilweni evamile. Uhambo lokululama lungaba lude futhi lukhathaze. Unganqikazi ukufuna ukwesekwa kodokotela bakho, abahlengikazi, kanye nomndeni wakho nabangane endleleni.