Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ukhathele ngendlela engajwayelekile futhi uvilapha ngaphandle kwesizathu? Ingabe uzizwa usinda kancane? Ingabe uzizwa ubanda kaningi? Nakuba sivame ukucabanga ukuthi lezi yizinto ezivamile, ngezinye izikhathi imbangela yalezi zimpawu kungaba yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi iHashimoto's Disease. Ungakhathazeki, lokhu akuyingozi njengoba igama lisho. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula nangokucacile.
Iyini Isifo SikaHashimoto?
Kalula nje, isifo sikaHashimoto yisimo lapho indlala yegilo ithintwa khona yinkinga ngamasosha omzimba ethu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isimo sokuzivikela komzimba . Lokhu kusho ukuthi uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu luhlasela ngephutha amangqamuzana ethu aphilile, kulokhu indlala yegilo. Lesi ngokuvamile yisimo sempilo yonke (esingamahlalakhona).
Cabanga ngakho, i-thyroid gland iyi-gland encane efana novemvane etholakala ngaphansi kwesikhumba ngaphambili kwentamo yethu. Iyingxenye yesistimu yethu ye-endocrine. Ikhiqiza ama-hormone e-thyroid futhi ilawula izinto eziningi emzimbeni wethu.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wendlala yegilo ukulawula izinga lokuguqulwa kwemizimba yethu. Okusho ukuthi, izinga lokuguqulwa kokudla esikudlayo libe amandla. Uma sizwa igama elithi metabolism, sivame ukucabanga kuphela ngokukhuluphala nokwehla kwesisindo. Kodwa empeleni, le nqubo ithinta zonke izitho zomzimba, okuhlanganisa nenhliziyo yethu kanye nobuchopho.
Uma sinesifo sikaHashimoto, amasosha ethu omzimba ahlasela i-thyroid gland, okwenza ingakhiqizi ama-hormone e-thyroid anele. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-hypothyroidism . Lokhu kunciphisa ijubane lokusebenza kwethu futhi kubangele izimpawu ezahlukahlukene.
Sivame kangakanani lesi sifo? Ngubani onamathuba amaningi okusithola?
Isifo sikaHashimoto empeleni siyisifo esivame kakhulu. Emazweni afana neMelika, abantu aba-5 kwabayi-100 banalesi sifo. Lesi simo manje sesivame kakhulu eSri Lanka. Emazweni lapho usawoti nokudla okune-iodine kutholakala khona ngobuningi, isifo sikaHashimoto siyimbangela eyinhloko ye-hypothyroidism.
Nakuba lesi sifo singakhula kunoma yimuphi ubudala, abesifazane banamathuba aphindwe kayishumi okuba naso kunabesilisa. Sivame ukutholakala kwabesifazane abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-30 no-50.
Ziyini izimpawu zesifo sikaHashimoto?
Abanye abantu abanesifo sikaHashimoto abanazo izimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala. Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, indlala yegilo ngezinye izikhathi ingavuvukala. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-goiter.Lokhu kuvame ukuba uphawu lokuqala lwesifo sikaHashimoto. Nakuba kungebuhlungu, ungase uzizwe ugcwele ngaphambili kwentamo yakho. Kungase kubonakale sengathi kuvuvukile.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uma i-hypothyroidism ikhula ngenxa yesifo sikaHashimoto, izimpawu ezilandelayo zingavela ngokulandelana.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukukhathala nobuvila | Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo, ukucobeka, kanye nokulala ngokweqile ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. |
| Ukwanda kwesisindo | Isisindo somzimba siyakhula kancane kancane naphezu kokulawula ukudla nokuzivocavoca. |
| Imiphumela esikhumbeni | Isikhumba esomile, ukuqothuka kwezinwele, izinwele ziyoma futhi ziqhekeke. |
| Ukuzizwa ubanda | Ukuzizwa ubanda kakhulu, ngisho nasendaweni evamile kwabanye. |
| Imiphumela yengqondo | Ukudabuka, ukucindezeleka, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo. |
| Izinguquko zomzimba | Ukuqunjelwa, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuhamba kancane (bradycardia), ubuhlungu bemisipha namalunga, ukuvuvukala kobuso namehlo. |
| Izinkinga zempilo yokuzala | Abesifazane bangase babe nemijikelezo yokuya esikhathini engajwayelekile noma ukopha kakhulu, ukuncipha kwesifiso sobulili, kanye nobunzima bokukhulelwa. |
Umzimba wakho uzizwa kanjani uma uneHashimoto's?
Uma une-Hashimoto's kodwa ungenayo i-hypothyroidism, ungase ungaboni noma yiziphi izinguquko.
Kodwa uma une-hypothyroidism, ungase uzizwe sengathi konke emzimbeni wakho kusebenza "ngokuhamba kancane".
Cabanga nje ukuthi injini yomzimba wakho isebenza kancane. Awunawo amandla okugijima, ukugxuma, noma ukuzivocavoca njengoba wawusenza ngaphambili. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho nakho kuye kwehla. Ubuchopho bakho buzizwa bunenkungu, ukhohlwa izinto, futhi awukwazi ukugxila. Uzizwa udangele futhi ukhungathekile. Uhlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla nalo lusebenza kancane, okungaholela ekuqunjelweni.
Uma nawe uzizwa sengathi umzimba wakho nengqondo yakho kubambekile futhi kusebenza kancane, khuluma nodokotela wakho.
Kungani isifo sikaHashimoto senzeka? Yiziphi izici eziyingozi?
Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, isifo sikaHashimoto siyisifo esihlasela amasosha omzimba. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu lusebenza ngokumelene nathi. Ngokuvamile, uhlelo lwethu lokuzivikela lusivikela kubahlaseli bangaphandle njengamagciwane namagciwane. Kodwa ku-Hashimoto, nakhu okwenzekayo:
1. Ngesizathu esingaziwa, amasosha omzimba wakho aqala ukwenza ama-antibodies ahlasela i-thyroid gland.
2. Inani elikhulu lamaseli amhlophe egazi, ikakhulukazi uhlobo olubizwa ngokuthi ama-lymphocyte , liqongelela endlaleni ye-thyroid.
3. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi indlala yegilo ivuvuke. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-thyroiditis . Lokhu kuvuvukala kanye nokuhlasela kwama-antibody kulimaza indlala.
4. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lo monakalo ubangela ukuthi indlala yegilo ingakwazi ukukhiqiza ama-hormone anele umzimba, okuholela ku -hypothyroidism .
Kunezici eziningana ezingabangela ukuhlaselwa yisifo sikaHashimoto:
- Umlando womndeni: Uma othile emndenini wakho enesifo sikaHashimoto noma ezinye izifo ze-thyroid, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube naso. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi amaphesenti angu-80 amacala abangelwa ufuzo.
- Ubulili: Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, abesifazane banamathuba aphindwe kayishumi okuthola lesi sifo.
- Ubudala: Ingozi yokuthola lesi sifo iyanda njengoba iminyaka ikhula.
Futhi, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube nesifo sikaHashimoto uma unesinye isimo sokuzivikela komzimba. Isibonelo:
- Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1
- Isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuthi i-rheumatoid arthritis
- I-Lupus
- Isifo se-Celiac
Isifo sikaHashimoto sitholakala kanjani?
Ngemva kokubuza ngezimpawu zakho, udokotela wakho uzoqala akuhlole. Uzokuthinta intamo yakho ikakhulukazi ukuze ahlole ukuthi i-thyroid gland (goiter) ivuvukele yini. Uzobe eseyala ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningana ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unesifo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-TSH (i-Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone): Izinga eliphezulu le-TSH lisho ukuthi i-thyroid gland yakho ayikhiqizi i-T4 hormone eyanele. Lokhu kuyisibonakaliso esikhulu se-hypothyroidism.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-T4 (Thyroxine) kwamahhala: Uma izinga le-T4 liphansi, kuqinisekisa isimo se-hypothyroidism.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Antithyroid Antibody: Uma unalezi antibodies ezithile egazini lakho, kungatholakala ngokuqinisekile ukuthi imbangela ye-hypothyroidism yakho yisifo sikaHashimoto.
Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angase futhi ancome i-ultrasound ye-thyroid ukuhlola usayizi we-thyroid gland yakho nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini amaqhubu.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Akuwona wonke umuntu onesifo sikaHashimoto ozoba ne-hypothyroidism. Uma amazinga akho omzimba ephezulu egazini kodwa amazinga akho e-TSH kanye ne-T4 ejwayelekile, udokotela wakho angase angaqali ukwelashwa, kodwa uzokuqapha ngokuhlolwa kwegazi njalo.
Kodwa uma i-hypothyroidism ibangelwa yi-Hashimoto's, ukwelashwa okuyinhloko nokungcono kakhulu umuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-levothyroxine . Lona umuthi we-T4 wokwenziwa. Lo muthi uthathwa njengephilisi nsuku zonke.
Ngokusebenzisa lo muthi, ungabuyisela amazinga adingekayo e-thyroid hormone emzimbeni. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi udinga ukuthatha lo muthi nsuku zonke impilo yakho yonke .
Umthamo wemithi oyidingayo ungashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo njengoba kunqunywe udokotela wakho bese ulungisa umthamo njengoba kudingeka.
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi engaba khona emuthini?
Imiphumela emibi evela ku-levothyroxine ayivamile. Uma ivele, isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi uthatha okungaphezu kwalokho okudingayo. Lokhu kungaholela esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-thyrotoxicosis , lapho umzimba ukhiqiza khona i-hormone ye-thyroid eningi kakhulu. Izimpawu yilezi:
- Isilinganiso senhliziyo (i-tachycardia) - ngokuvamile singaphezu kwe-100 beats ngomzuzu.
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-arrhythmia).
- Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu.
- Ukuzizwa uthuthumela.
- Ukungahlaliseki, ukucasuka.
- Ukungabekezelelani nokushisa kanye nokujuluka ngokweqile.
Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Ingabe kukhona ukudla okukhethekile kweziguli zikaHashimoto?
Akukho ukudla okuqondile kwesifo sikaHashimoto. Kodwa-ke, okunye ukudla, imithi, namavithamini kungaphazamisa ukumuncwa kwe-levothyroxine. Izibonelo zifaka:
- Izithasiselo zensimbi ne-calcium.
- Ezinye izinhlobo zemithi yokunciphisa i-asidi.
Uma uthatha into efana nale, ungayigwema le nkinga ngokuthatha iphilisi lakho le-thyroid amahora ama-4 ngaphambi noma ngemva kwalo.
Ukudla kahle, ukuzivocavoca umzimba, ukulala ngokwanele, kanye nokulawula ukucindezeleka konke kungasiza amasosha omzimba wakho. Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wenzani, uma une-hypothyroidism, kubalulekile ukuphuza imithi yakho njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalele.
Ingabe isifo sikaHashimoto siyingozi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Uma i-hypothyroidism ingelashwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ingaba yingozi kumama nakumntwana.
- Ukuphuphuma kwesisu
- Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa (i-preeclampsia)
Futhi, uma kungelashwa, kungathinta ukukhula kwengane kanye nokukhula kobuchopho. Ngakho-ke uma une-Hashimoto's futhi uhlela ukukhulelwa noma usuvele ukhulelwe, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Ngokwelashwa okufanele kanye nokuqapha, akukho nkinga ekubeletheni umntwana onempilo.
Amacala adinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo (amacala adinga ukuya e-ETU)
Ezimweni ze-hypothyroidism engelashwa, enzima kakhulu, isimo esiphuthumayo esingavamile kodwa esisongela ukuphila esibizwa ngokuthi i-myxedema coma singavela. Uma kukhona izimpawu ezilandelayo, thatha isiguli ngokushesha siye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
- Ukushisa komzimba okuphansi kakhulu (i-hypothermia).
- Ukuvuvukala komzimba, ikakhulukazi ubuso, ulimi kanye nemilenze.
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuhamba kancane kakhulu kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okubuthakathaka.
- Ukuphefumula kuhamba kancane kakhulu noma kunzima.
- Ukudideka noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.
Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile uma usanda kutholwa unesimo. Kodwa ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi isifo sikaHashimoto siyisifo esingelapheka futhi esingalawuleka. Uma unalezi zimpawu, noma uma othile emndenini wakho enesifo se-thyroid, ungangabazi ukubona udokotela wakho. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula kungakutshela ukuthi i-thyroid yakho isebenza kahle yini.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo sikaHashimoto yisifo esihlasela amasosha omzimba lapho amasosha omzimba ethu ehlasela khona indlala yethu yegilo.
- Lesi sifo siyimbangela eyinhloko ye-hypothyroidism.
- Izimpawu ezinjengokukhathala okuqhubekayo, ukukhuluphala, ukuzizwa ubanda, isikhumba esomile, kanye nokuqunjelwa zivame kakhulu.
- Ukwelashwa yiphilisi levothyroxine nsuku zonke, okumele lithathwe impilo yonke.
- Ngokwelashwa okufanele kanye nokuqashwa kwezokwelapha, ungaphila impilo enempilo ngokuphelele, evamile.
- Uma unalezi zimpawu, ungazinaki. Qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho ukuze akunike iseluleko.
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