Okudingeka ukwazi ngomdlavuza wesibeletho

Ucabangani uma ubona ukuphuma kwegazi okuncane ngemva kokuyeka ukuya esikhathini, okungukuthi, ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini? Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi, "Angazi ukuthi kuqale futhi yini." Kodwa lolu hlobo lokopha okungavamile, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, aluyona into okufanele ungayinaki. Ngoba, kungaba uphawu olukhulu lomdlavuza wesibeletho. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngomdlavuza wesibeletho, izimpawu zawo, ukuthi ubani osengozini enkulu, nokuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo. Ungesabi, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.

Kalula nje, uyini umdlavuza wesibeletho?

Umdlavuza wesibeletho yigama elivamile lomdlavuza owenzeka esibelethweni. Kodwa kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko. Cabanga ngesibeletho sakho njengendlu encane.

1. Umdlavuza we-Endometrial: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Ulwelwesi lwesibeletho lubizwa ngokuthi i-endometrium, olufana nephepha lodonga . Lolu lwelwesi luyaphela ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini. Lolu uhlobo lwe-endometrium. Lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza olwenzeka lapho amangqamuzana e-endometrium ehlukana ngendlela engavamile futhi abe umdlavuza. Lolu hlobo lubangela u-95% womdlavuza wesibeletho. Yingakho sivame ukubiza lokhu ngokuthi "umdlavuza wesibeletho" engxoxweni.

2. I-Uterine Sarcoma: Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu. Umdlavuza okhula engxenyeni yemisipha (i-myometrium) yesibeletho, okuyingqimba yesibeletho. Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu.

Isibeletho siyisitho esibaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lokuzala lwabesifazane. Uma umntwana ekhulelwa, umntwana ukhula ngaphakathi kwesibeletho. Ingxenye engenhla yesibeletho ibizwa ngokuthi umzimba noma i-corpus. Ngaphansi kwayo kukhona umlomo wesibeletho. Umdlavuza wesibeletho uhlobo oluhlukile lomdlavuza kumdlavuza wesibeletho. Sizoxoxa ngalokho kamuva.

Ziyini izimpawu zalo mdlavuza? Ngingawubona kanjani?

Izimpawu zomdlavuza wesibeletho zingafana nezezinye izifo zesimiso sokuzala. Ngakho-ke uma ubona noma yini engavamile, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha . Ukuxilongwa okunembile kuyindlela kuphela yokuthola ukwelashwa okufanele.

Ungaqonda ngokucacile lezi zimpawu kusukela kuthebula elingezansi.

Kungani lo mdlavuza uvela? Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ingozi?

Imbangela eqondile yomdlavuza wesibeletho ayikatholakali. Okwenzekayo ukuthi ngesizathu esithile, amangqamuzana esibelethweni ayashintsha (ukuguqulwa) bese eqala ukukhula ngokungalawuleki. Sibiza inqwaba yamangqamuzana akha ngale ndlela ngokuthi isimila.

Kodwa-ke, kunezici eziningana ezandisa ingozi yokuthola lo mdlavuza. Iningi lazo lihlobene nokulinganisela kwama-hormone amabili emzimbeni wethu, i-estrogen ne-progesterone.

Izinto ezandisa ingozi

• Ubudala: Ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wesibeletho iyanda njengoba iminyaka ikhula. Iningi lamacala litholakala ngemva kweminyaka engu-50.
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile: Lokhu kuyisici esiyinhloko esiyingozi. Izicubu zamafutha emzimbeni ziguqula amanye ama-hormone abe yi-estrogen. Njengoba amafutha enyuka, amazinga e-estrogen ayakhuphuka, okwandisa ingozi yomdlavuza.
• Isifo Sikashukela: Kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kwesifo sikashukela nokukhuluphala. Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kwesifo sikashukela nomdlavuza wesibeletho.
• I-Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS):Ingozi inganda futhi ngenxa yokungalingani kwama-hormone kwabesifazane abane-PCOS.
• Umlando wokuya esikhathini nokuzala:
• Ukuqala kokuthomba: Uma uqale ukuya esikhathini ungakafiki eminyakeni eyi-12, ingozi yakho iyanda ngoba isibeletho sithola i-hormone i-estrogen isikhathi eside.
• Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini sekwephuzile: Futhi, uma ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kwenzeka ngemva kweminyaka engu-50, khona-ke isikhathi sokuchayeka ku-estrogen naso sithatha isikhathi eside.
• Ukungakhulelwa: Abesifazane abangakaze babe nezingane basengozini enkulu kancane kunalabo abaye baba nazo.
• Umlando womndeni womdlavuza: Abanye abantu bathola ifa lomdlavuza ngenxa yezakhi zofuzo. Abantu abanesimo sofuzo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Lynch Syndrome banengozi enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza wesibeletho kanye nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza (ikakhulukazi umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu).
• Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha:
• Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone e-estrogen (ERT): Ukuthatha i-estrogen yodwa ngaphandle kwe-hormone ye-progesterone yezimpawu zokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kwandisa ingozi.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Tamoxifen: Lo muthi, osetshenziswa njengokwelapha umdlavuza webele, ungasebenza njenge-estrogen esibelethweni futhi wandise ingozi yomdlavuza.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe endaweni ye-pelvic: Uma uthole ukwelashwa ngemisebe endaweni ye-pelvic ngenxa yomdlavuza othile, amangqamuzana angase alimale futhi kungase kube nengozi yokuthola omunye umdlavuza.

Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo?

Uma unezimpawu ezingavamile, udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokukubuza ngezimpawu zakho kanye nomlando womndeni wakho wezifo. Ngemuva kwalokho bazokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kanye nokuhlolwa kwesinqe.

Ngemuva kwalokho, ukuhlolwa okulandelayo noma ngaphezulu kungenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa:

• I-Transvaginal Ultrasound: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka idivayisi ekhethekile yokuskena esithweni sangasese sowesifazane ukuze kuthathwe izithombe ezicacile zesibeletho kanye ne-endometrium. Lokhu kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi i-endometrium iwugqinsi ngendlela engavamile yini.
• I-Endometrial Biopsy: Lolu uhlobo lokuhlolwa oluyinhloko olusetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Ipayipi elincane, eliguquguqukayo lidluliselwa emlonyeni wesibeletho liye esibelethweni bese kuthathwa ingxenye encane yezicubu ezivela ku-endometrium. Ungase uzibuze ukuthi lokhu kuzoba buhlungu yini. Nakuba kungase kungakhululeki kancane, kuyinqubo esheshayo. Izicubu zibe sezithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze zihlolwe amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
• I-Hysteroscopy: Ipayipi elincane elinekhamera kanye nokukhanya (i-hysteroscope) lidluliselwa esithweni sangasese sowesifazane liye esibelethweni ukuze kuhlolwe ingaphakathi. I-biopsy nayo ingathathwa ngalesi sikhathi.
• I-D&C (Ukwanda kanye Nokuhlanzwa):Lena inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kancane kune-biopsy. Yenziwa egumbini lokuhlinza ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia. Umlomo wesibeletho uyavuleka, bese kukhishwa izicubu odongeni lwangaphakathi lwesibeletho bese zithunyelwa ukuze zihlolwe.

Uma umdlavuza uqinisekiswa, kuzokwenzekani ngokulandelayo?

Uma umdlavuza uqinisekiswa, odokotela bazobheka uhlobo kanye nesigaba somdlavuza. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuhleleni ukwelashwa.

• Uhlobo:
• Uhlobo 1: Lezi azinamandla kakhulu. Zisakazeka kancane kancane.
• Uhlobo 2: Lezi zinolaka kakhulu. Zingasakazeka ngokushesha futhi zidinga ukwelashwa okunolaka kakhulu.

• Isigaba: Umdlavuza uhlukaniswa kusukela esigabeni sokuqala kuya kwesesine kuye ngokuthi usakazeke kangakanani.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza wesibeletho?

Ukwelashwa okutholayo kuncike ohlotsheni lomdlavuza, isigaba sawo, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke.

• Ukuhlinzwa: Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha eyinhloko. Ngokuvamile, kwenziwa i-hysterectomy . Lokhu kuhilela ukususwa ngokuphelele kwesibeletho kanye nomlomo wesibeletho. Lokhu kuvame ukuhambisana ne-salpingo-oophorectomy (SOO) kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwama-lymph node ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke yini.
• Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe: Ukusetshenziswa kwemisebe enamandla amakhulu ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukubhubhisa noma yimaphi amangqamuzana asele ngemva kokuhlinzwa noma ezimweni lapho ukuhlinzwa kungenzeki khona.
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Ukunikeza umzimba imithi enamandla ebulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Le mithi inganikezwa ngomjovo noma njengamaphilisi.
• Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone: Ukunikeza imithi evimba ama-hormone adingekayo ekukhuleni kwamaseli omdlavuza.
• Ukwelashwa Okuqondiwe: Ukunikeza imithi eqondisa ubuthakathaka obuthile emangqamuzaneni omdlavuza futhi imise ukukhula kwawo.
• Ukwelashwa Ngezifo Ezingalawuleki: Ukuvuselela amasosha omzimba wethu ukuze alwe namaseli omdlavuza.

Ingabe lesi sifo singalapheka ngokuphelele?

Yebo. Lezi yizindaba ezinhle kakhulu. Umdlavuza wesibeletho, ikakhulukazi umdlavuza we-endometrial, ungatholakala kusenesikhathi . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uphawu olusobala ukopha okungavamile.

Kodwa uma lesi sifo singatholakali futhi sisakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba (i-metastasis), izinga lokuphulukiswa liyancipha. Yingakho sithi ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kusindisa izimpilo .

Yini engingayenza ukuze ngivimbele umdlavuza?

Ezimweni eziningi, umdlavuza wesibeletho awukwazi ukuvinjelwa ngokuphelele. Kodwa kunezinto ezithile ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho:

• Gcina isisindo esinempilo: Njengoba ukukhuluphala kuyisici esikhulu esiyingozi, lawula isisindo somzimba wakho ngokuzivocavoca okufanele kanye nokudla okulinganiselayo.
• Ukuphatha isifo sikashukela: Uma unesifo sikashukela, silawule kahle.
• Qaphela ukusetshenziswa kwama-hormone: Uma usebenzisa ukwelashwa ngama-hormone, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho bese ucabanga ngemithi equkethe i-estrogen ne-progesterone.

Uma usengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza (isib. i-Lynch syndrome), kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho bese wenza izivivinyo ezifanele .