Wake wambona umuntu onenkinga yokuphefumula futhi ongeniswe egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU) esibhedlela? Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela basebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene ukusiza abantu abanjalo ukuba baphefumule. Le ngxube ekhethekile yegesi esetshenziswa ezimweni eziphuthumayo ibizwa ngokuthi i-Heliox. Leli gama lingase libe lisha kuwe. Ngakho ake sixoxe ngalo namuhla.
Kuyini iHeliox?
Kalula nje, i-Heliox iyinhlanganisela ekhethekile yegesi eyenziwe ngokuxuba amagesi amabili, i-helium nomoya-mpilo ndawonye. Inikezwa iziguli ezinenkinga yokuphefumula, ikakhulukazi ezimweni eziphuthumayo.
Manje ungase ucabange, "Sivame ukuphefumula umoya-mpilo, akunjalo? Kungani sifaka i-helium kulokhu?" Umbuzo omuhle. Ake sibone ukuthi siyini isizathu.
Umoya esivame ukuwuphefumula cishe u-21% we-oxygen kanye no-78% we-nitrogen. Okunye kwenziwa ngamanye amagesi. Ngisho nasesibhedlela, lapho umuntu enikwa i-oxygen, uvame ukunikezwa ingxube ye-oxygen ne-nitrogen. Kodwa-ke, i-helium iyigesi elula kakhulu kune-nitrogen. Cabanga ngebhaluni eligcwele i-helium elikhuphukayo uma ulidedela, akunjalo? I-Helium ilula kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, lapho imigudu yomoya yomuntu ivuvukele futhi iminyene, lapho umoya-mpilo uxutshwa nale gesi ye-helium elula, leyo ngxube yegesi ingahamba kalula kakhulu emimigudu yomoya eminyene futhi ingavimbeki kangako iye emaphashini. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu umzamo odingekayo ukuze umuntu aphefumule.
Ukuze kube sobala, igesi ye-helium yenza kube lula ukuthi umoya-mpilo ungene emaphashini. Njenge-nitrogen, i-helium iyigesi engasebenzi kahle engasabeli emizimbeni yethu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umzimba uthatha umoya-mpilo kuphela engxubeni bese ukhipha umoya-mpilo nge-helium ngomoya ophumayo.
Isetshenziswa nini i-Heliox?
I-Heliox ayilona ikhambi lazo zonke izifo. Kodwa-ke, ingasiza ekuqiniseni isimo sesiguli ngokusisiza siphefumule kalula kuze kube yilapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha sezisebenze kahle futhi isimo saso sithuthuka. Ngezansi kunezinye zezimo lapho odokotela bangasebenzisa khona lokhu kwelashwa.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) | Isimo esiphuthumayo lapho amaphaphu onakele kakhulu, agcwele uketshezi, futhi engakwazi ukuphefumula eyedwa. |
| Ukuvalwa Kwendlela Yomoya | Uma indlela yokungena komoya ivinjiwe yithumba, into yangaphandle (isib. ucezu lokudla), noma ngesinye isizathu. |
| Isimo esibi kakhulu se-asthmatic (Isimo se-Asthmaticus) | Ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma okunzima kangangokuthi akunakulawulwa ngisho nangokwelashwa okuvamile, futhi kungaba yingozi ngisho nasekufeni. |
| Isifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona (i-COPD) | Uma ubunzima bokuphefumula bukhula ngokuzumayo ngenxa yesifo samaphaphu esingapheli. |
| Ukugula Kokunciphisa Ukucindezeleka | Lapho ababhukudi bolwandle olujulile bevela ngokuzumayo, kwakheka amabhamuza e-nitrogen egazini labo ngenxa yezinguquko ekucindezelweni komzimba. Lokhu kwaziwa nangokuthi “ama-bend.” |
| I-Stridor Yokukhipha Ukungcola Ngemva Kokukhipha Ukungcola | Njengoba ifakwe ipayipi ukuze isize ekuphefumuleni, futhi isuswe, umphimbo uyavuvukala futhi wenze umsindo onzima, 'o-groo-groo' lapho uphefumula. |
Lokhu kwelashwa kunikezwa kanjani?
Le gesi ye-Heliox inikezwa isiguli esibhedlela kuphela, ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha. Udokotela unquma indlela engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe esimweni sesiguli.
Izindlela ezilandelayo zisetshenziswa kakhulu:
- Nge-Ventilator: Uma isiguli singakwazi ukuphefumula sodwa, le ngxube inganikezwa ngesikhathi isiguli singazi lutho futhi siphefumula ngomshini.
- Nge-mask yobuso: Uma isiguli siqaphile, le gesi inganikezwa nge-mask eqina kahle, engavuzi.
- Nge-cannula yamakhala: Kwezinye izimo, lokhu kunikezwa nangepayipi elincane elifakwa ekhaleni ngalinye.
Udokotela noma umelaphi wokuphefumula uzoshintsha isilinganiso se-helium kanye ne-oxygen kuye ngokuthi isiguli sidinga i-oxygen engakanani. Izingxube ezivamile ezisetshenziswayo yilezi:
- 70% i-helium / 30% umoya-mpilo
- I-helium engu-60% / i-oxygen engu-40%
Yiziphi izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kokwelashwa kwe-Heliox?
Njenganoma yiluphi uhlobo lokwelashwa, lolu lunezinzuzo kanye nokungalungi.
Izinzuzo
Izinzuzo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalokhu yilezi:
1. Kunciphisa umzamo odingekayo ukuze kuphefumule: Umzimba ungaphefumula kalula ngaphandle kokusebenzisa umzamo omkhulu. Lokhu konga amandla esiguli okulwa nalesi sifo.
2. Kunciphisa ukuvinjelwa komoya ongena emaphashini: Uma imigudu yomoya ivaliwe, kuba nokuvinjelwa okukhulu komoya ojwayelekile ongena kuwo. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokukhanya kwe-Heliox, lokho kuvinjelwa kuyancishiswa futhi umoya ugeleza kalula.
Ukungalungi
Ububi obukhulu noma inselele yalokhu ukuthi kudinga imishini ekhethekile nabasebenzi abaqeqeshwe kahle ukuze banikeze lokhu kwelashwa.
Izilinganiso kanye nezilungiselelo zemishini ye-oxygen zingashintsha uma kunikezwa i-heliox. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ubukhulu be-helium buhlukile kobe-nitrogen. Ngakho-ke, odokotela kanye nabasebenzi abahlengikazi kudingeka bazi ngokugcwele ngalezi zinguquko futhi balungise imishini ngendlela efanele. Kodwa uma ukwazi lokhu, i-heliox iyindlela yokwelapha ephephile kakhulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Heliox iyinhlanganisela ye-helium nomoya-mpilo. Isetshenziswa ezimweni eziphuthumayo lapho kunzima ukuphefumula khona.
- Ngenxa yokuthi igesi ye-helium kulokhu ilula kakhulu, iyasiza ekuthutheni kalula umoya-mpilo emaphashini ngokusebenzisa izindlela zomoya ezivuvukele neziminyene.
- Lokhu akusilaphi lesi sifo ngqo. Kodwa-ke, kusiza isiguli ukuba siphefumule kalula futhi kuzinzise isimo kuze kube yilapho eminye imithi kanye nokwelashwa kusebenza.
- Lokhu kwelashwa kunikezwa esibhedlela kuphela, ngaphansi kokuqondisa okuqinile kukadokotela. Kuzonikezwa kuphela uma udokotela wakho enquma ukuthi kuyadingeka.
- Lokhu kudinga imishini ekhethekile kanye nokuqeqeshwa, ngakho akuzona zonke izibhedlela ezingaba nalesi sikhungo.
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