Yini obungashaqeka ukuyibona uma uya endlini yangasese bese ubona ngokuzumayo ukuthi umchamo wakho ubomvu? Mhlawumbe amanzi esitsheni sendlu yangasese apinki. Kuvamile kakhulu ukwesaba uma ubona into efana nale. Abantu abaningi bayakhathazeka ngalesi sikhathi. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba sikhathazeke, ake sikuqonde kahle lokhu. Namuhla sikhuluma ngegazi eliphuma kulo mchamo, okuyisimo esisibiza ngokuthi 'i-Hematuria' kwezokwelapha.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Hematuria?
I-Hematuria (he-ma-tu-ria) imane nje iwukuba khona kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu emchameni wakho (umchamo). Empeleni lesi yisimo esivame kakhulu. Kodwa umchamo wakho awuhlali ubomvu noma upinki. Ngezinye izikhathi, kuba negazi elincane emchameni elincane kakhulu ukuba lingabonakala ngamehlo enyama. Lokhu kungatholakala kuphela uma udokotela enza ukuhlolwa komchamo.
Kodwa-ke, uma ubona ukuthi umchamo wakho ushintshile umbala, kungaba uphawu lwento ehlukile. Ngakho-ke uma ubona into efana naleyo, kufanele nakanjani ubonane nodokotela.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zegazi emchameni?
Sizohlukanisa lesi simo ngezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko. Uma usuqonda lokho, uzoba nombono ongcono ngalokhu.
| Uhlobo | Kuchazwe kalula |
|---|---|
| I-Gross hematuria | Lokhu kusho ukuthi kukhona igazi emchameni ongalibona ngamehlo akho . Umchamo ungaba pinki okhanyayo noma obomvu obumnyama. Amanzi esitsheni sendlu yangasese nawo angase abe bomvu. |
| I-hematuria encane | Kulesi simo, kukhona negazi emchameni, kodwa inani lincane kakhulu kangangokuthi alibonakali ngeso lenyama . Lokhu kungatholakala kuphela ngokuhlola umchamo ngaphansi kwe-microscope. |
| I-Dipstick hematuria | Lokhu kutholakala ngokuhlolwa okuhilela ukucwilisa umucu omncane (i-dipstick) ohlanganiswe namakhemikhali emchameni. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuhlolwa akulona iqiniso eliphelele. Ngezinye izikhathi, kunganikeza imiphumela engalungile, noma ngabe kungekho gazi. Ngakho-ke , uma lokhu kuhlolwa kubonisa igazi, kumele kuqinisekiswe ngaphansi kwe-microscope. |
Yiziphi ezinye izimpawu ezihambisana negazi emchameni?
Ezimweni eziningi, kungase kungabi khona zimpawu ngaphandle kwegazi emchameni. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'akukho zimpawu'. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase babe nezinye izimpawu.
Izimpawu ezihlobene nohlelo lomchamo:
- Ukudinga ukuchama kakhulu kunokujwayelekile (ukuchama njalo).
- Ubuhlungu noma ukushisa lapho uchama (i-dysuria).
- Isidingo esiphuthumayo nesinamandla sokuchama (ukuphuthuma komchamo).
Ezinye izimpawu ezivamile:
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
- Umkhuhlane kanye nokubanda.
- Ubuhlungu besisu esingezansi.
- Ubuhlungu obuphansi emhlane.
- Ubuhlungu besifuba, ngaphezu nje kwesinqe.
Igazi emchameni aliyona njalo inkomba yesifo esingathi sína. Kodwa-ke, kungaba yisibonakaliso esibalulekile sesixwayiso sokuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle emzimbeni wakho. Ngakho-ke ungalokothi ukushaye indiva. Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha nje lapho ukuqaphela.
Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko zegazi emchameni?
Kunezinto eziningi ezingadala lokhu. Ezinye azizimbi kangako, kodwa ezinye ziyizimo ezidinga ukukhathazeka.
Izimbangela ezivamile
- Isifo samatshe omchamo: Lokhu kungaba amatshe ezinso, amatshe esinyini, noma amatshe akheka emgudwini womchamo. La matshe angabangela ukulimala ohlelweni lomchamo futhi abangele ukuphuma kwegazi.
- Ukutheleleka Kwendlela Yomchamo (UTI): Ukutheleleka kwendlela yomchamo okubangelwa amagciwane. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu kwabesifazane.
- Ukutheleleka Kwezinso (Pyelonephritis): Lesi simo singase senzeke uma i-UTI ikhula futhi isakazekela ezinso.
- I-Cystitis: Ukuvuvukala kwesinye ngenxa yokutheleleka noma esinye isizathu.
Ingabe ikhona ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza?
Yebo, igazi emchameni lingaba uphawu lokuqala lwezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza. Yingakho kungcono ukungalunaki lolu phawu.
- Umdlavuza wesinye
- Umdlavuza wezinso
- Umdlavuza we-prostate
- Umdlavuza we-Ureteral kanye ne-Urethral
Ezinye izizathu
- I-Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): Njengoba amadoda ekhula, indlala yawo ye-prostate iyakhula. Lokhu kungabangela ukuvaleka komchamo nokopha.
- Ukulimala ohlelweni lomchamo: Ukuwa, ingozi yemoto, noma ukushaywa kanzima ngesikhathi udlala imidlalo kungabangela ukulimala kwezinso noma esinyeni.
- Ukuya esikhathini kwabesifazane: Ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, igazi elincane lingabonakala lixubene nomchamo.
- I-Endometriosis: Ukukhula kwezicubu zesibeletho ngaphandle kwesibeletho.
- Isifo Sezinso Esingapheli (CKD): Ukuwohloka kokusebenza kwezinso isikhathi eside.
- Isifo se-Sickle cell: Isimo esizuzwe njengefa esithinta amangqamuzana abomvu egazi.
Ukuthola kanjani lokhu, Dokotela?
Uma ubona udokotela, uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ongase ube nazo. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Ngemva kwalokho, bangase batuse ukuhlolwa okuningana ukusiza ekutholeni imbangela eqondile.
| Ukuhlolwa | Lokhu kwenzani? |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa komchamo | Isampula yomchamo wakho izohlolwa ukuthi ikhona yini into engabangela izimpawu (igazi, ushukela, amaprotheni). |
| Isiko Lomchamo | Bafuna amagciwane abangela ukutheleleka emchameni. |
| I-Cytology yomchamo | Umchamo uhlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini amangqamuzana angajwayelekile, njengamaseli omdlavuza. |
| I-Cystoscopy | Kufakwa ipayipi elincane elinekhamera encane nge-urethra ukuze kuhlolwe ingaphakathi lesinye kanye ne-urethra. |
| Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe | Ukuskena okufana ne-ultrasound, i-CT scan, noma i-MRI kwenziwa ukuze kutholakale izithombe zezinso kanye nohlelo lomchamo. |
Iphathwa kanjani?
Ukwelashwa kwalokhu kuncike ngokuphelele esibangweni segazi emchameni . Udokotela uzonquma imbangela ngemva kokwenza izivivinyo futhi uzokunikeza ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu.
- Uma kuyisifo esifana ne-UTI, kuzonikezwa ama-antibiotic.
- Uma kuyitshe lomchamo, kuzosetshenziswa imithi ukuncibilikisa itshe noma ezinye izindlela zizosetshenziswa ukususa itshe.
- Uma indlala ye-prostate ikhulisiwe, kungase kudingeke imithi noma mhlawumbe ukuhlinzwa.
- Uma kutholakala ukuthi umdlavuza ukhona, ithimba lodokotela abangochwepheshe (odokotela bezifo zomchamo, odokotela bezifo zomdlavuza) lizohlangana ukuze lithuthukise uhlelo lokwelapha olufanele kakhulu.
Yini esingayenza ukuvimbela lokhu?
Nakuba kungezona zonke izimbangela ezingavinjelwa, kunezinto ezithile ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi usuku lonke. Lokhu kuzosiza ukugcina uhlelo lwakho lomchamo luphilile.
- Chama ngaphambi nangemva kocansi.
- Uma abesifazane bezihlanza ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, hlala usula kusukela phambili kuya emuva. Lokhu kuvimbela amagciwane ukuthi angangeni emgudwini womchamo.
- Gcina isisindo esinempilo esifanelana nomzimba wakho.
- Nciphisa ukudla okunoshukela omningi, usawoti kanye namaprotheni ezilwane.
- Uma ubhema, yeka ngokushesha.
- Nciphisa ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali ayingozi ngangokunokwenzeka.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Uma ubona ukuthi umchamo wakho uphenduka upinki, ubomvu, noma ube nsundu , bona udokotela ngaphandle kokungabaza.
Futhi, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, noma ngabe umbala womchamo wakho awushintshi:
- Ukushintsha kwendlela yokuchama (ukuchama njalo, ubuhlungu).
- Izimpawu zokutheleleka njengomkhuhlane kanye nokubanda.
- Ubuhlungu esiswini, emhlane, noma emaceleni ezinqe.
Uma izimpawu zinzima kakhulu, isibonelo, uma kukhona ubuhlungu obukhulu kanye nokopha, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
Ingabe ukudla nokuphuza kungabangela igazi emchameni?
Cha, ukudla noma isiphuzo empeleni akubangeli ukuthi kuvele igazi emchameni. Kodwa-ke, okunye ukudla kungashintsha umbala womchamo futhi kuwenze ubonakale sengathi kukhona igazi kuwo. Bese sesaba ngaphandle kwesizathu.
- I-beet
- I-Blackberry
- I-Rhubarb
- Ubhontshisi be-Fava
Ngisho noma umchamo wakho ushintsha umbala ngemva kokudla ukudla okufana nalokhu, kunzima ukuzitshela ukuthi igazi noma cha. Ngakho-ke into engcono kakhulu ongayenza uma unemibuzo ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Lokho kuzonciphisa ukwesaba kwakho futhi kukusize uthole ukuthi kunenkinga yini ngokushesha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Uma ubona umchamo wakho uphenduka obomvu, opinki, noma onsundu, ungawushayi indiva. Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha.
- Lokhu akulona njalo uphawu lwesimo esibucayi njengomdlavuza. Kungaba futhi imbangela elula njenge-UTI noma amatshe omchamo.
- Ungaqageli nje imbangela. Kubalulekile ukuthola imbangela ngokwenza ukuhlolwa okufanele.
- Ukwelashwa kuncike esibangeleni, ngakho-ke uma imbangela isheshe itholakale, kuzoba lula ukwelapha.
- Izifo eziningi zomgudu womchamo zingavinjelwa ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi nsuku zonke nokugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo.
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