Ingabe uvame ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka, unesihlungu samathambo, noma uphelelwa yinkumbulo? Nakuba singase sicabange ukuthi lezi yizinto ezivamile, kungase kube nesizathu sezokwelapha ngemuva kwalokhu. Okusho ukuthi, izinga le-calcium egazini liphakeme. Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Hyperparathyroidism. Nakuba igama lingase libe yinkimbinkimbi kancane, ungesabi. Ake sixoxe ngakho kalula.
Kuyini ngempela i-hyperparathyroidism?
Kalula nje, i-Hyperparathyroidism iwukuba lapho enye noma ngaphezulu kwezindlala ze-parathyroid emzimbeni wethu zisebenza ngokweqile futhi zikhiqize i-parathyroid hormone (PTH) eningi kakhulu.
Cabanga nje, entanyeni yethu, ngemuva kwendlala yegilo, kunezindlala ezine ezincane ezinobukhulu bephizi. Lezi yizindlala ze-parathyroid. Umsebenzi wazo oyinhloko ukugcina izinga le-calcium egazini lethu lisezingeni elifanele. Ziphinde zinciphise izinga le-phosphate egazini.
Lezi zindlala zikhiqiza i-hormone i-PTH futhi zithumela izimpawu eziningana emzimbeni wethu:
- Amathambo ethu: Igazi liwatshela ukuthi akhiphe i-calcium ne-phosphate.
- Izinso zethu: Zitshelwa ukuthi zinciphise inani le-calcium ekhishwa emchameni bese ziyimunca emzimbeni. Zitshelwa nokuthi zikhiphe i-phosphate eningi emchameni.
Ngemuva kwalokho, izinso zivuselela i-vitamin D bese ziyithumela emathunjini ethu. Amathumbu abe esemunca i-calcium ekudleni esikudlayo.
Kodwa-ke, uma lezi zindlala ze-parathyroid zikhiqiza i-PTH hormone eningi kakhulu, i-calcium eningi kakhulu ikhishwa emathanjeni ethu, okwenza abe buthakathaka futhi aqhekeke. Futhi, le calcium eningi ingafakwa ezinso zethu, emithanjeni yegazi, enhliziyweni, nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Lokhu kwanda kwamazinga e-calcium egazini kubizwa ngokuthi i-hypercalcemia .
Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zalokhu?
Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-Hyperparathyroidism. Zihlukaniswa ngokwendlela ezenzeka ngayo. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini lezi.
| Uhlobo lwe-hyperparathyroidism | Kalula nje, isizathu |
|---|---|
| I-Hyperparathyroidism Eyinhloko | Lena inkinga eyenzeka endlaleni ye-parathyroid uqobo. Okungukuthi, isimila esingesona umdlavuza (i-adenoma) kwenye yezindlala noma ukwandiswa (i-hyperplasia) kwendlala eyodwa noma ngaphezulu, okuholela ekukhiqizweni okungalawulwa kwe-hormone ye-PTH. |
| I-Hyperparathyroidism yesibili | Lokhu akulona iphutha lezindlala. Yisimo emzimbeni, ikakhulukazi isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona (CKD), esibangela amazinga aphansi e-calcium noma i-phosphate emzimbeni, bese izindlala zisebenza ngokweqile ngenxa yalokho. |
| I-Hyperparathyroidism Ephakeme | Uma i-hyperparathyroidism yesibili ingelashwa isikhathi eside, izindlala ziyakhula unomphela bese ziqala ukukhiqiza i-PTH ngokungalawuleki. Lolu uhlobo. |
Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?
Izikhathi eziningi, abantu abanalesi simo abanazo izimpawu. Sivame ukutholakala ngengozi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwegazi kwesinye isimo. Kodwa-ke, lapho amazinga e-calcium egazini eba phezulu kakhulu, izimpawu ezifana nalezi:
- Ubuhlungu emathanjeni nasemalungeni
- Ubuthakathaka bemisipha
- Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo nokukhathala
- Isimo sengqondo esifana nokucindezeleka
- Ubunzima bokunaka okuthile
- Isifiso sokudla
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
- Ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo noma ukukhohlwa
- Ukuzizwa womile kakhulu kunokujwayelekile futhi udinga ukuchama kaningi
- Ukuqunjelwa
Into ebalulekile ukuthi njengoba lezi zimpawu zivame kakhulu, akuwona wonke umuntu onazo one-hyperparathyroidism. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubonana nodokotela wakho.
Izingozi kanye nezinkinga ezingaba khona zalesi simo
Amazinga aphezulu e-calcium egazini isikhathi eside angabangela izinkinga ezahlukahlukene.
- Amatshe ezinso: Ukufakwa kwe-calcium ezinso kungabangela amatshe ezinso.
- I-Osteoporosis: Amathambo aba buthakathaka futhi aphuke kalula njengoba i-calcium ilahleka emathanjeni.
- Isifo senhliziyo: Ukufakwa kwe-calcium emithanjeni yegazi nasenhliziyweni kwandisa ingozi yezimo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, noma isifo sohlangothi.
- Izinkinga zesikhumba: Ukuqongelela kwe-calcium esikhumbeni kungabangela amanxeba kanye nokutheleleka.
Kunezici eziningana ezandisa ingozi yokuthola lesi simo. Okubaluleke kakhulu kulezi ukuthi uthole ukwelashwa ngemisebe endaweni yentamo, ukuntuleka kwe-calcium noma i-vitamin D, isifo sezinso, kanye nokuba ngowesifazane.
Ungasithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Uma udokotela wakho esola lesi sifo, uzoyala ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuze asiqinisekise.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kulinganisa amazinga e-calcium, i-parathyroid hormone (PTH), i-vitamin D, kanye ne-phosphate egazini lakho.
- Ukuhlolwa komchamo kwamahora angama-24: Isampula yomchamo eqoqwe phakathi nosuku isetshenziselwa ukuhlola inani le-calcium emchameni.
- Ukuskena kwe-Parathyroid: Lokhu kuskena kunganquma ngqo ukuthi iyiphi kwezindlala ezine esebenza ngokweqile.
- Okunye ukuskena: Kungenziwa ukuskena kwezinso nge-ultrasound noma ukuskena kokuqina kwamathambo.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Izindlela zokwelapha zincike ekutheni unesifo esiyinhloko noma sesibili kanye nobunzima besifo.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Primary Hyperparathyroidism
- Ukuhlinzwa: Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu nokuhlala njalo kwalokhu ukususa indlala noma ama-gland anenkinga ngokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kubizwa ngokuthi i-parathyroidectomy . Udokotela wakho cishe angancoma ukuhlinzwa, ikakhulukazi uma ungaphansi kweminyaka engu-50, unezimpawu ezimbi kakhulu, noma unamatshe ezinso noma i-osteoporosis.
- Imithi: Ezimweni lapho ukuhlinzwa kungadingeki noma kungenzeki, udokotela angase anikeze imithi.
- Ama-Bisphosphonates: Lawa avimbela i-calcium ekukhishweni emathanjeni.
- I-Calcimimetics: Le mithi ikhohlisa izindlala ze-parathyroid ukuthi zinciphise ukukhiqizwa kwe-PTH hormone.
- Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila: Eminye imithi (isib., i-Thiazide diuretics, i-Lithium) ingakhuphula amazinga e-calcium. Ngakho-ke, kungadingeka uyigweme njengoba udokotela wakho eyalile.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Hyperparathyroidism Yesibili
Into eyinhloko kulokhu ukwelapha imbangela eyinhloko yalesi simo.
- Uma unesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona, ungadinga i-dialysis noma ukufakelwa izinso .
- Kungase kucebiseke ukushintsha ukudla, ikakhulukazi ukunciphisa ukudla okune-phosphorus eningi.
- Izihlanganisi ze-phosphateImithi efana ne-phosphatidylcholinesterase inhibitors (imithi enciphisa i-phosphate egazini), izithasiselo ze-vitamin D, kanye ne -calcimimetics inganikezwa.
Uma lezi zindlela zokwelapha zihluleka ukulawula lesi simo, ukususwa kwezindlala ngokuhlinzwa kunganconywa.
Izinto okufanele uzicabangele uma uphila nalesi simo
Uma une-hyperparathyroidism, lezi zinto zingakusiza ukuthi uhlale uphilile:
- Phuza amanzi amaningi: Ukugcina umzimba umanzi kahle kusiza izinso.
- Hlala umatasa: Ukuzivocavoca kungagcina amathambo akho eqinile.
- Qaphela ukudla kwakho: Uma udokotela wakho ekweluleka ukuthi unciphise ukudla kwakho i-phosphorus, gwema ukudla okuphelela ku-"-phos" (isib., i-calcium phosphate) emaphaketheni okudla.
- Mayelana neVithamini D: Abantu abaswele iVithamini D bangase belulekwe ukuthi bathathe izithasiselo. Kodwa-ke, ungalokothi uthathe noma yiliphi ivithamini noma isithasiselo ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho.
Udokotela wakho uzohlola amazinga e-calcium egazini lakho, umfutho wegazi, ukusebenza kwezinso, kanye nokuqina kwamathambo ngezikhathi ezithile (mhlawumbe kanye noma kabili ngonyaka).
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Hyperparathyroidism yisimo lapho amazinga e-calcium egazini enyuka khona ngenxa yokukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-hormone i-PTH yizindlala ze-parathyroid.
- Izimpawu ezifana nokukhathala okuqhubekayo nobuhlungu bamathambo zingase zibe khona, kanti abanye abantu bangase bangabi nazo nhlobo izimpawu.
- Imbangela yalokhu kungaba inkinga ngendlala ngokwayo (eyinhloko) noma esinye isifo njengesifo sezinso (sesibili).
- Izinketho zokwelapha zisukela ekuhlinzweni, emithini, kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okukulungele.
- Uma unemibuzo noma izimpawu ngalokhu, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze akunike iseluleko.
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