Uma wena noma othandekayo wakho enomdlavuza webele, kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa igama elithi 'immunotherapy' lisetshenziswa kabanzi uma kukhulunywa ngokwelashwa. Udokotela wakho kungenzeka ukuthi uke wakhuluma ngalo. Ngakho-ke, luyini lolu hlobo lokwelashwa olusha kubantu abaningi? Ingabe lungakwazi ukulwa nomdlavuza ngempela? Ake sixoxe ngalo ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.
Ngakho-ke, iyini i-Immunotherapy?
Kalula nje, i-immunotherapy iwukwelashwa okusebenzisa uhlelo lomzimba wakho lokulwa nezifo (amasosha omzimba) ukusiza ekutholeni nasekubhubhiseni amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Kufana nokuqeqesha "ibutho" lomzimba wakho ukuthi libone futhi lihlasele "izitha" ezibizwa ngamaseli omdlavuza.
Njengamanje, lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ekwelapheni uhlobo lomdlavuza webele olubizwa ngokuthi "umdlavuza webele ongama-Triple-negative", okunzima ukuwelapha, onengozi enkulu yokuphinda ubuye, futhi ususakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba (i-metastatic). Ucwaningo luyaqhubeka nokubona ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kusebenza kangakanani kumdlavuza webele "ongama-HER2" kanye "nongama-ER".
Lokhu kwelashwa kusebenza kanjani?
Cabanga ngesimiso somzimba wethu sokuzivikela njengebutho elivikela izwe. Leli butho lihlala lifuna futhi libhubhise izitha ezifana namagciwane namagciwane angena emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, amangqamuzana omdlavuza ayizitha ezinobuqili kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi lawa mangqamuzana omdlavuza azifihla ngezindlela ezahlukene ukuze agweme ukubanjwa yibutho lethu. Njengenhloli yesitha.
Nakhu okwenziwa yi-immunotherapy:
1. Ukusiza ukuqaphela isitha: Eminye imithi yokwelapha ngokuzivikela komzimba iveza amangqamuzana omdlavuza, ibonise ngokusobala amasosha ethu omzimba ukuthi "nasi isitha."
2. Ukuqinisa ibutho: Ezinye izinhlobo zemithi zisebenza ngokuqinisa amaseli (amasosha) esimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela, ziwanike amandla engeziwe okulwa namaseli omdlavuza.
Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwenza lokhu:
- I-Active Immunotherapy: Lokhu kuhilela ukutadisha izimpawu ezithile (ama-antigen) emaseli akho omdlavuza webele nokuqeqesha amasosha omzimba wakho ukuba ahlasele lezo zimpawu kuphela.
- I-Passive Immunotherapy: Kulokhu, imithi ekhethekile eyenziwe elabhorethri inikezwa emzimbeni ukuze kuthuthukiswe amakhono omzimba okulwa nomdlavuza.
Yimiphi imithi yokwelapha nge-immunotherapy esetshenziswa umdlavuza webele?
Okwamanje kunemithi emibili emikhulu yokwelapha nge-immunotherapy evunyelwe umdlavuza webele.
1. I-Pembrolizumab (Keytruda®):Lo muthi usetshenziselwa `(umdlavuza webele one-Triple-negative)`. Lo muthi uvimba iphrotheni esetshenziswa amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukufihla ohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuthi uhlelo lokuzivikela komzimba lubone amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ngezinye izikhathi lo muthi unikezwa ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa ukuze uvimbele umdlavuza ukuthi ungabuyi. Lo muthi usetshenziswa futhi kumdlavuza osakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, uma kukhona ``ama-Biomarker`` athile ku-DNA yesimila somdlavuza.
2. I-Dostarlimab (i-Jemperli®): Lo muthi usetshenziselwa umdlavuza webele obuyile ngemva kokunye ukwelashwa futhi unophawu oluthile lwesimila.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi akuzona zonke lezi zidakamizwa ezifanele wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela. Udokotela wakho kuphela onganquma ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kukufanele yini, ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni, esigabeni, kanye nokuba khona kwezimpawu ezithile zomdlavuza wakho.
I-immunotherapy inikezwa kanjani?
Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukunikezwa njengesixazululo sikasawoti ngomthambo (ngokusebenzisa i-intravenous - IV). Uhlelo lokwelashwa lungahluka kuye ngesimo sakho. Kodwa abantu abaningi bathola lokhu kwelashwa njalo emavikini amathathu kuya kwayisithupha . Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kwelashwa kungadinga ukuqhubeka izinyanga eziningana kuya eminyakeni emibili.
Ake sifunde nangemiphumela emibi.
Njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa komdlavuza, ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy kungabangela imiphumela emibi. Kodwa akuthinti wonke umuntu ngendlela efanayo. Abanye abantu bangase babe nokungakhululeki okuncane, kanti abanye bangase bangazizwa nhlobo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho nganoma yikuphi ukungakhululeki ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ake sibheke ukuthi yimiphi imiphumela emibi evamile kanye neyingozi.
| Uhlobo lomphumela ongemuhle | Izinto okufanele uzilindele |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela emibi evamile |
|
| Imiphumela emibi engavamile ukuba mibi kakhulu |
|
Ungakhathazeki ngale miphumela emibi. Udokotela wakho kanye nethimba lezokwelapha bahlala beyibhekile. Bazokunikeza imithi edingekayo kanye nezeluleko zokuyilawula.
Kuphumelela kangakanani lokhu kwelashwa?
Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy kungenye yezindlela zokwelapha ezintsha nezithembisayo kakhulu emkhakheni wokwelashwa komdlavuza. Ikakhulukazi, kusize ekwandiseni izinga lokwelashwa futhi kwandise isikhathi sokuphila seziguli ezinomdlavuza obekunzima ukwelapha ngaphambili, njengomdlavuza webele one-triple-negative.
Ucwaningo olukhulu lubonise ukuthi iziguli ezathola umuthi we-immunotherapy i-Pembrolizumab kanye ne -chemotherapy zaphila isikhathi eside kunalezo ezathola i-chemotherapy kuphela.
Sekuvele kuqhutshwa izifundo eziningi emhlabeni wonke ukuze kuhlolwe ukusebenza kahle kwe-immunotherapy yezinhlobo ezahlukene zomdlavuza webele. Ngenxa yalokho, lo mkhakha uthuthuka usuku nosuku.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy akuwona umuthi obulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza njenge-chemotherapy. Uvuselela amasosha omzimba wakho ukuze asize ekulweni nomdlavuza.
- Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha ebaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi `(umdlavuza webele one-Triple-negative)`.
- Njengazo zonke izindlela zokwelapha, kunemiphumela emibi, kodwa ingalawulwa , ngakho ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yikuphi ukungakhululeki.
- Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy kuyithemba elikhulu ekwelapheni umdlavuza.Ucwaningo lusenziwa ngalokhu, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi abantu abaningi bazozuza kulokhu esikhathini esizayo.
- Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kukufanele yini ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho womdlavuza. Uzokwazi ukuphendula yonke imibuzo yakho.
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho