Sivame ukugula ngento efana nomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, noma ubuhlungu besisu. Ngezinye izikhathi wonke umndeni uyagula ngesikhathi esisodwa. Noma abantu abaningana ehhovisi bathola ukugula okufanayo. Wake wazibuza ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi izifo ezithelelanayo . Lokhu kubangelwa izinto eziphilayo ezincane, noma amagciwane, angena emizimbeni yethu evela ngaphandle. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngakho konke lokhu, kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Ake siqale sibone, ziyini lezi zifo ezithelelanayo?
Kalula nje, izifo ezithelelanayo yizifo ezibangelwa yigciwane noma igciwane elingena emizimbeni yethu. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zala magciwane. Eziyinhloko esizizwile sonke ngamagciwane, amabhaktheriya, isikhunta, kanye nezinambuzane . Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi izifo zingabangelwa yinto ebizwa ngokuthi ama-prions .
Cabanga ngakho, lapho umuntu ekhwehlela noma ethimula, amagciwane akhishwa emoyeni ngamaconsi amancane avela emlonyeni nasekhaleni. Uma siphefumula lowo moya, lawo magciwane angena emizimbeni yethu. Futhi, la magciwane angangena emizimbeni yethu evela ezilwaneni ezinjengomiyane, ekudleni naseziphuzweni ezingcolile, nasezintweni ezisizungezile.
Umkhuhlane ovamile, umkhuhlane, i-COVID-19, umkhuhlane wesisu, ezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (ama-STI), kanye ne-ringworm konke kuyizibonelo zezifo ezithelelanayo.
Ngakho-ke ziyini izifo ezingathelelani?
Kubalulekile ukwazi nalokhu. Izifo ezingathelelani azibangelwa amagciwane. Zibangelwa yizinto ezifana nezakhi zofuzo zethu, izinguquko zesakhiwo emzimbeni, noma ukuguga . Lezi zifo azidluliselwa kusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye. Azidluliselwa kusuka ekudleni noma ezilwaneni. Isibonelo, ungathola izinto ezifana nesifo sikashukela, umdlavuza, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo okubangelwa ukuminyana.
Ziyini lezi zifo ezibangela izifo?
Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko zamagciwane asibangela ukugula. Ake sibheke ngayinye yazo kalula. Kulula ngawe ukuqonda lolu lwazi uma ulubeka etafuleni.
| Uhlobo lwegciwane | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Amagciwane | Lokhu kufana nengxenye yolwazi lwezakhi zofuzo (i-DNA noma i-RNA) ngaphakathi kwegobolondo elincane elivikelayo. Igciwane alikwazi ukuhlala lodwa. Lingena esitokisini emzimbeni wethu, lilawule lelo seli, futhi lenze izinkulungwane zamakhophi alo. Amagciwane abangela izifo ezifana nomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane (umkhuhlane), udenga, kanye ne-COVID-19. |
| Amabhaktheriya | Lezi yizinto eziphilayo ezincane ezakhiwe ngamaseli angawodwa. Kunezigidi zamabhaktheriya emizimbeni yethu nasezindaweni ezizungezile. Iningi lawo lihle kithi. Kodwa amanye amabhaktheriya amabi angabangela ukugula uma engena emizimbeni yethu. Amabhaktheriya abangela izinto ezifana nomphimbo obuhlungu, isifo sofuba, kanye nokutheleleka komgudu womchamo. |
| Isikhunta | Isikhunta sikhona nasesikhumbeni sethu nasendaweni esikuyo. Ngokuvamile, asiyona inkinga. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, uma sikhula kakhulu noma siya ezindaweni lapho kungafanele sibe khona, singadala izifo. Isikhunta siyimbangela yezinto ezifana ne-athletic's foot kanye ne-thrush. |
| Izimuncagazi | Lezi zinto eziphilayo zihlala emzimbeni wenye into eziphilayo. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi izikelemu, izikelemu, kanye nezinambuzane ezibangela umalaleveva. |
| AmaPrions | Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu. Lawa akhiwe ngamaprotheni. Lawa maprotheni aphikisiwe futhi aphikisiwe amaprotheni anempilo ebuchosheni bethu. Lokhu kulimaza ubuchopho. Izifo ezibangelwa yilokhu zimbi kakhulu, futhi azivamile. |
Yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile zezifo ezithelelanayo?
Izimpawu zesifo esithathelwanayo zincike ohlotsheni lwesifo onaso. Isibonelo, ukutheleleka ngefungus kuvame ukuthinta indawo ethile kuphela. Izinto ezifana nokuqubuka noma ukulunywa esikhumbeni.
Kodwa-ke, ukutheleleka ngamagciwane namagciwane kungathinta izingxenye eziningi zomzimba. Izimpawu ezivamile zifaka:
- Imfiva
- Ukugodola
- Ukukhwehlela
- Ubuhlungu bomzimba kanye nobuhlungu bemisipha
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- Ukukhathala
- Impumulo egobhozayo noma evalekile
- Izinkinga zesistimu yokugaya ukudla (uhudo, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza)
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma unalezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma umkhuhlane uhlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezimbili noma ezintathu, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela wakho . Gwema ukuzelapha.
Lezi zifo zidluliselwa kanjani?
Lokhu kuyinto sonke okudingeka siyiqaphele. Izifo ezahlukene zisakazeka ngezindlela ezahlukene.
- Uma umuntu ekhwehlela noma ethimula: Uma umuntu ekhwehlela, izigidi zamagciwane avela ohlelweni lwakhe lokuphefumula zikhishwa emoyeni. Uma umuntu oseduze ephefumula lowo moya, angangenwa yileli gciwane. Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi njengamabhasi nezitimela.
- Ezinye izifo zisakazeka ngokuxhumana eduze: ukuqabulana, ucansi, njll.
- Ukwabelana ngezitsha nezinkomishi: Uma omunye umuntu esebenzisa izinto ezifana nezinkomishi, amapuleti, nezipuni ezisetshenziswe ngumuntu oyedwa, amagciwane angadluliselwa ngamathe.
- Ngokuthinta izindawo: Amagciwane angahlala ezindaweni ezifana nezibambo zomnyango, ocingweni, nasezithebulethini amahora amaningi. Uma sithinta lezo zindawo bese sithinta umlomo, impumulo, noma amehlo ethu ngesandla esifanayo, amagciwane angangena emizimbeni yethu.
- Ngendle yabantu noma yezilwane: Amanye amagciwane adluliselwa ngendle. Lawa angasakazeka ngokusebenzisa izindlu zangasese ezingcolile noma ukulungisa ukudla ngezandla ezingcolile.
- Ngokuluma izilwane noma izinambuzane: Yile ndlela izifo ezifana nomkhuhlane we-dengue ezivela komiyane, umkhuhlane wamagundane ovela kumagundane, kanye ne-rabies ezivela ezinjeni ezidluliselwa ngayo.
- Ukudla noma amanzi angcolile: Ukudla ukudla okungaphekiwe kahle noma okungalungiswanga ngendlela engcolile, noma ukuphuza amanzi angcolile kungabangela izifo ezifana nezifo zesisu, ikholera, kanye ne-typhoid.
- Ukusuka kumama okhulelwe kuya enganeni: Ezinye izifo zingadluliselwa kusuka kumama kuya enganeni esibelethweni noma ngesikhathi sokuzalwa.
- Ngezinqubo zezokwelapha: Kukhona futhi ingozi yokudluliselwa kwegciwane ngokusebenzisa imishini engahlanzwanga kahle kanye nokumpontshelwa igazi elinegciwane (kodwa lokhu kuphansi kakhulu kulezi zinsuku).
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola izifo ezithelelanayo?
Noma ubani angathola isifo esithathelwanayo, kodwa abanye abantu basengozini enkulu kancane.
- Abantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka: iziguli ezinomdlavuza, abantu abanegciwane lesandulela ngculazi, abantu abathatha imithi ecindezela amasosha omzimba.
- Omama abakhulelwe
- Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala
- Abantu abasebenza emkhakheni wezempilo
- Izingane ezincane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala: Ngoba amasosha omzimba azo awakakhuli ngokugcwele.
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona zalezi zifo?
Izifo eziningi ezithelelanayo kulula ukuzelapha futhi siyalulama kuzo ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma zingelashwanga kahle, kungaba nezinkinga ezinkulu.
- Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni: Ukulahlekelwa amanzi emzimbeni ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokuhlanza kanye nesifo sohudo.
- I-pneumonia: Ukusabalala kokutheleleka emaphashini.
- I-Sepsis: Ukusabela ngokweqile komzimba ekuthelelekeni okuthinta umzimba wonke. Lokhu kungaba yingozi empilweni.
- Ukutheleleka kobuchopho noma umgogodla: Izimo ezimbi kakhulu njengokutheleleka kobuchopho (encephalitis) noma ukutheleleka kolwelwesi olumboze ubuchopho (meningitis).
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Ngokuvamile, udokotela uzonquma uhlobo oluqondile lwesifo sakho ngokulalela izimpawu zakho, akuhlole, futhi, uma kudingeka, enze izivivinyo eziningana.
- Ukuthatha isampula (i-swab) ekhaleni noma emphinjeni wakho.
- Ukuhlola amasampula egazi, umchamo, indle, noma amathe.
- Uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka kwesikhumba, ingcezu encane yesikhumba iyaklwejwa bese ihlolwa (i-biopsy).
- Ngezinye izikhathi, kusetshenziswa ama-X-ray nama-CT scan ukuhlola izingxenye zomzimba ezithintekile.
Ungazivikela kanjani ezifweni ezithelelanayo? (Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu!)
Ayikho indlela yokuzivikela ngokuphelele ezifweni ezithelelanayo. Kodwa-ke, kunemikhuba eminingi elula enganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yethu. Kufana nokuba nezingcezu eziningana zikashizi ezinezimbobo phezu komunye nomunye. Imbobo kwesinye isingcezu imbozwe ngesinye isingcezu. Ngokufanayo, uma silandela imikhuba eminingana ephephile ndawonye, sithola isivikelo esihle.
| Indlela ephephile | Okufanele ngikwenze |
|---|---|
| Ukugoma | Kumntwana, thola yonke imijovo kuHlelo Lukazwelonke Lokugoma ngesikhathi. Eminye imijovo nayo iyanconywa kubantu abadala. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu. |
| Ukulungisa ukudla ngokuphephile | Geza imifino eluhlaza nezithelo kahle. Pheka inyama, inhlanzi namaqanda kahle. Gcina izinto zokulungisa ukudla namabhodi kuhlanzekile. Uma udla ngaphandle, dla endaweni ehlanzekile. |
| Geza izandla zakho njalo. | Zenze umkhuba ukugeza izandla zakho ngensipho namanzi okungenani imizuzwana engama-20. Qiniseka ukuthi ugeza izandla zakho ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokudla, ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, ngemva kokuthinta isilwane, nangemva kokubuya ekhaya uvela ngaphandle. |
| Inhlonipho kwabanye | Mboza umlomo nekhala lakho ngethishu noma ngendololwane yakho uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula. Uma unesifo esithelelanayo, hlala kude nabanye. Qiniseka ukuthi ugqoka imaski. |
| Akukho ukushintshaniswa kwezinto zomuntu siqu | Ungabelani ngezinkomishi zakho ezisetshenzisiwe, amapuleti, noma amathawula nabanye. |
| Ukuvikelwa ekulunyweni yizinambuzane | Sebenzisa amanethi omiyane. Hlanza izindawo zokuzalela omiyane. Uma uya ehlathini, gqoka izingubo ezimboza umzimba wakho. |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Izifo ezithelelanayo yizifo ezibangelwa amagciwane (njengamagciwane namagciwane) angena emizimbeni yethu. Lokhu kungasakazeka kusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye.
- Umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, udenga, kanye ne-COVID-19 ngezinye zezifo ezithelelanayo ezivamile phakathi kwethu.
- Izinto ezilula njengokugeza izandla zakho njalo ngensipho, ukumboza umlomo wakho uma ukhwehlela, kanye nokuthola imijovo njalo kungasiza kakhulu ekuzivikeleni kulezi zifo.
- Uma unezimpawu zesifo esithathelwanayo, ikakhulukazi uma umkhuhlane wakho nokukhwehlela kungathuthuki ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, bona udokotela ngokushesha . Ungaziniki imithi ngama-antibiotic.
- Umkhuba omncane wokuphepha esiwenzayo ungaba yisivikelo esikhulu emndenini wethu, kubangani, kanye nakwabanye abantu emphakathini.
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