Ube uzizwa uphilile usuku lonke futhi ngokuzumayo uzizwa ubuthakathaka, ubuhlungu, futhi unomkhuhlane? Mhlawumbe usuthole 'umkhuhlane' owesabekayo. Uqala njengomkhuhlane ovamile, kodwa ungasheshe ube mubi kakhulu. Ngakho ake sifunde kabanzi ngawo namuhla.
Iyini ngempela i-influenza?
Kalula nje, umkhuhlane ukutheleleka kokuphefumula okuthelelanayo kakhulu okubangelwa igciwane elibizwa ngokuthi i-influenza. Uthinta kakhulu ikhala lakho, umphimbo, kanye namaphaphu akho ngezinye izikhathi.
Lena indlela elula kakhulu yokusabalalisa umkhuhlane. Igciwane lisakazeka ngamaconsi amancane amathe akhishwa emoyeni lapho umuntu onomkhuhlane ekhwehlela, ethimula, noma ekhuluma, futhi ungagula uma uwuphefumula. Ungagula futhi uma uthinta indawo enegciwane bese uthinta ikhala lakho, amehlo, noma umlomo.
Abanye abantu babhekana nezimpawu ezincane kuphela uma bethola umkhuhlane, kanti abanye bangaba nezimpawu ezinzima futhi badinge ngisho nokulaliswa esibhedlela. Nakuba kungavamile, umkhuhlane ungabulala. Ukuthola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane minyaka yonke kungasiza ekuvikeleni kule ngozi.
Yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile zomkhuhlane?
Uma une-flu, ungase ube nesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu:
- Imfiva
- Ukugodola
- Impumulo egobhozayo noma impumulo evalekile
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu emisipheni nasemalungeni (i-arthralgia)
- Ukukhathala (ukukhathala ngokweqile)
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
- Isikhumba sibomvu futhi sifudumele
- Ukubomvu nokudabuka kwamehlo
- Ubuhlungu bamehlo
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- Ukukhwehlela okomile
- Umphimbo obuhlungu
Into ebalulekile ukuthi esikhundleni sokuba izimpawu zomkhuhlane zibe zimbi kancane kancane, izimpawu zomkhuhlane ziba zimbi ngokuzumayo nangokushesha kakhulu .
Ukuhlanza kanye nohudo akuzona izimpawu ezivamile zomkhuhlane kubantu abadala, kodwa izingane ezincane zingaba nalezi zimpawu.
Ingabe lokhu kuyimfuluwenza? Noma ingabe umkhuhlane nje ovamile?
Izici zazo zombili ziyafana, ngakho ngezinye izikhathi ziyadideka. Kulungile, ake sibone ukuthi singawubona kanjani umehluko oqondile phakathi kwazo zombili.
| Isibonakaliso | Uma kwenzeka umkhuhlane | Emkhuhlaneni ovamile |
|---|---|---|
| Imfiva | Umkhuhlane uvame ukuhlala izinsuku ezingu-3-4. | Akuvamile kakhulu. |
| Ubuhlungu bomzimba | Ngokuvamile kuba nobuhlungu obukhulu . | Kungase kube nobuhlungu obuncane. |
| Ukupholisa | Kuvame ukubonwa. | Akubonakali njalo. |
| Ukukhathala | Kuvamile kakhulu futhi kubucayi. | Kufika ngezinye izikhathi, kodwa ngezinga elincane. |
| Ukukhwehlela kanye nokungakhululeki esifubeni | Ngokuvamile kuba nokukhwehlela okomile okukhulu. | Ungase ube nokukhwehlela okuncane. |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu | Kungase kube nekhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu. | Akuvamile. |
Umehluko phakathi komkhuhlane kanye ne-COVID-19 (COVID-19)
Nakuba zombili ziyizifo zokuphefumula, zibangelwa izinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukene zamagciwane. I-Covid ibangelwa yi-coronavirus ebizwa ngokuthi i-SARS-CoV-2. I-Covid-19 iyathelelana kakhulu kune-flu futhi ivame ukuba yingozi kakhulu.
Kunzima ukusho ngqo ukuthi laba ababili bayini ngaphandle kophenyo. Kodwa,Ukulahlekelwa iphunga nokunambitheka ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo (ngaphandle kokuminyana kwamakhala) kuyisibonakaliso esivamile se-COVID, kodwa hhayi somkhuhlane.
Uma ucabanga ukuthi une-COVID-19 futhi unezimpawu ezilandelayo, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) oseduze ngokushesha noma ushayele i-ambulensi.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
- Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ingcindezi engaphezi
- Izindebe, isikhumba, noma izinzipho ziphenduka zibe mhlophe, zibe mpunga, noma zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
- Ubunzima bokuvuka noma ukungakwazi ukuhlala uphapheme
- Ukudideka
Yini ongayenza ekhaya uma unomkhuhlane?
Ezimweni eziningi, umkhuhlane ungelashwa futhi welapheke ekhaya.
- Phumula ngokwanele: Uma ugula, amasosha omzimba wakho adinga ukuphumula okwengeziwe ukuze asebenze.
- Phuza uketshezi oluningi: Umkhuhlane ungabangela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni ngenxa yokujuluka, ukuhlanza, kanye nesifo sohudo. Amanzi angcono kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uketshezi olufudumele njengetiye, iphalishi, kanye nesobho kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu bomphimbo. Gwema iziphuzo ezinoshukela kanye neziphuzo ezine-caffeine.
- Hlala kude nabanye: Yeka ukusabalalisa lesi sifo kwabanye. Gwema ukuya emsebenzini noma esikoleni uze ululame ngokugcwele.
- Izibulali-zinhlungu: Isibulali-zinhlungu esinjengeParacetamol singasetshenziswa ngokwelulekwa ngudokotela.
Isixwayiso esibaluleke kakhulu!
Unganiki i-aspirin kunoma ubani oneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-18 ubudala. Lokhu kungabangela isimo sobuchopho esingavamile kodwa esibi esibizwa ngokuthi i-Reye's syndrome. Uma uphuza noma yimuphi umuthi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
Kuthiwani uma kudingeka ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha?
Umkhuhlane ukutheleleka ngegciwane futhi awukwazi ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic. Kodwa-ke, uma usengozini yokuthola izinkinga ezivela kumkhuhlane, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze imithi yokulwa namagciwane. Le mithi isebenza kahle kakhulu uma ithathwa zingakapheli amahora angu-48 kusukela ekuqaleni kwezimpawu. I-Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) ingenye yemithi enjalo.
Izinkinga zomkhuhlane
Abantu abanempilo enhle banamathuba amancane okuba nezinkinga ezinkulu zomkhuhlane, kodwa abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yezinkinga.
Izigaba zezingozi:
- Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala (ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-6 neminyaka emi-2)
- Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala
- Omama abakhulelwe
- Abantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka (isib. labo abathola ukwelashwa komdlavuza)
- Abantu abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona ezifana ne-asthma, isifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, kanye nesifo sezinso
Izinkinga ezingaba khona:
- Inyumoniya
- Ukutheleleka kwe-Sinus (i-Sinusitis)
- Ukutheleleka kwendlebe
- I-Bronchitis
- I-Myocarditis
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma izimpawu zakho zincane futhi ungaweli kwelinye lamaqembu asengozini okukhulunywe ngawo ngenhla, akudingekile ukubona udokotela. Ungalulama ngokuphumula ekhaya. Kodwa-ke, uma useqenjini elisengozini noma unokungabaza noma ukukhathazeka ngezimpawu zakho, khuluma nodokotela ngokushesha.
Izimo ezidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uwela kusiphi isigaba, uma unezimpawu ezilandelayo, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) oseduze ngokushesha.
| Izimpawu eziphuthumayo kubantu abadala | Izimpawu eziphuthumayo zezingane ezincane |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | Ukuphefumula okusheshayo noma okunzima |
| Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ingcindezi | Isikhumba noma izindebe eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka |
| Ukuzungeza okungazelelwe, ukudideka | Ukungachami amahora angu-8, akukho izinyembezi uma ukhala |
| Ukuhlanza okukhulu | Ukuntuleka kwentshisekelo yokudlala, ukudinwa |
| Umkhuhlane noma ukukhwehlela okuphelayo bese kubuya | Umkhuhlane ophezulu ( noma yimuphi umkhuhlane uyisimo esiphuthumayo ezinganeni ezingaphansi kwamasonto ayi-12 ubudala) |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umkhuhlane ukugula okubangelwa yigciwane okufika ngokuzumayo futhi kube kubi kakhulu kunomkhuhlane ovamile.
- Ngokuvamile, ukuphumula, ukuphuza uketshezi, kanye nokuthatha imithi yobuhlungu njengoba kunqunywe udokotela, uma kudingeka, kwanele.
- Uma unezimpawu ezinzima njengobunzima bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba, kanye nomkhuhlane ophakeme , iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) ngokushesha.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abasemaqenjini asengozini (izingane ezincane, asebekhulile, omama abakhulelwe, iziguli ezigulayo njalo) ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela izimpawu.
- Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela kumkhuhlane ukuthola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane minyaka yonke.
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