Uke waphawula iphunga lamakhemikhali elingajwayelekile nelingavamile livela ekamelweni lengane yakho? Noma uke waphawula ushintsho olusheshayo ekuziphatheni kwayo, enkulumweni nasekuziphatheni kwayo olungacacile kahle? Kungenzeka ukuthi iwile emkhubeni ongase ungaqapheli ukuthi uyingozi kakhulu futhi uyingozi kakhulu kunalokho okucabangayo. Yilokho esikhuluma ngakho namuhla.
Kalula nje, ziyini lezi zinto eziphefumulayo?
Kalula nje, izinto zokuphefumula zingamakhemikhali aphefumulwa ukuze akhiqize umuzwa wenjabulo, ukuphumula, noma "ukuphakama." Ingxenye eyingozi kakhulu yalokhu ukuthi la makhemikhali atholakala ezintweni zansuku zonke, hhayi emakhaya nasezindaweni zokusebenza kuphela. Uma siphefumula umusi, amakhemikhali asheshe amuncwa ebuchosheni bethu, okubangela "ukuphakama" okusheshayo.
Cabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyingozi kangakanani. Uma uqhubeka nokuzitika ngalo mkhuba, ungathola imiphumela emibi kakhulu engeke iguqulwe. Ukulimala kwengqondo unomphela, i-coma, ngisho nokufa ngokushesha kungenzeka.
Nakuba ngokuvamile singahogela ezinye izinhlobo zezidakamizwa, igama elithi 'inhalants' libhekisela ngqo ezintweni ezisetshenziselwa ukudakwa ngokuzihogela nje. Lezi zisetshenziswa ngamagama ahlukahlukene anjengokuthi 'huffing', 'bagging', kanye 'dusting'.
Ungazisebenzisa kanjani lezi?
Abantu abasebenzisa lezi zinto baziphefumula ngamakhala noma ngemilomo ngezindlela ezahlukene. Cabanga nje, abanye abantu benza izinto ezinjengalezi:
- Ukuphefumula ngqo kusuka ethini: ukuvula into efana nethini likapende noma ibhodlela lensini bese uphefumula umhwamuko ngqo ekhaleni lakho.
- Futha ngqo ekhaleni/emlonyeni: Izifutho ezifana nezifutho zokuhlanza umoya kanye nezifutho zokuhlanza umoya zifuthwa ngqo ekhaleni noma emlonyeni.
- Ukusebenzisa indwangu: Cwilisa indwangu kula makhemikhali, uyibambe phezu kwekhala lakho nomlomo, bese uphefumula.
- Indlela "yokufaka izikhwama": Abanye abantu bathatha isikhwama sepulasitiki noma sephepha, bafake la makhemikhali kuso, bafake isikhwama emlonyeni nasemakhaleni abo, bese behogela umoya ngaphakathi. Lena indlela eyingozi kakhulu.
- Ukuyifaka ezingutsheni: Abanye abantu bafaka okuncane kwalokhu emakholaleni noma emikhonweni yehembe labo bese bekunuka ngezikhathi ezithile.
"Ukuphakama" kwalezi zinto eziphefumulayo kuthatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela. Ngakho-ke, abasebenzisi bayaqhubeka nokwenza lokhu amahora amaningi ukuze bahlale bephezulu kangako. Yilokhu okwandisa ingozi yokufa.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yalokhu?
Lokhu kuyinto sonke okudingeka siyinake. Izingane ezincane kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha yibona abasengozini kakhulu kulokhu. Kunezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko zalokhu.
1.Kulula ukuzithola: Akudingeki uye endaweni ekhethekile ukuze uthole lezi zinto. Ungazithola kalula ekhishini lakho, endlini yokugezela, egaraji, noma ngisho nasesitolo.
2. Kushibhile: Akubizi imali eningi njengezinye izidakamizwa.
3. Kulula ukufihla: Akekho ozokusola uma ugcina ibhodlela le-gum noma ibhodlela le-Tipex eduze.
4. Okusemthethweni: Ukuthenga le mikhiqizo akuvunyelwe ngumthetho.
Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, izingane ezincane zivame ukuzama lawa ma-inhalants kuqala ngaphambi kokuphendukela kwezinye izidakamizwa ezinzima. Ngokusho kocwaningo, ukusetshenziswa kwawo kufinyelela ezingeni eliphakeme lapho eneminyaka engu-14-15. Kodwa cabanga ukuthi kunezimo lapho izingane ezineminyaka engu-5-6 ubudala nazo zivezwa khona yilokhu.
Lo mkhuba uvame ukuphela lapho umuntu eneminyaka engu-17-19, kodwa abanye abantu bayaqhubeka nokusebenzisa lezi zinto baze babe badala. Lo mkhuba uvame kakhulu kubafana kunamantombazane.
Futhi, kunomkhuba omkhulu wokusebenzisa lo mkhuba phakathi kwabantu abaye babhekana nalokhu okulandelayo:
- Labo abaye bahlukunyezwa ngokomzimba noma ngokocansi
- Abantu abanokuziphatha kobugebengu
- Abantu abanezinkinga zempilo yengqondo njengokucindezeleka
- Abantu abanemicabango yokuzilimaza
- Labo abakhulela emndenini onezingxabano nobudlova
- Abantu abalutha ezinye izidakamizwa
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi simo sivame kakhulu emindenini engenayo imali ephansi, emiphakathini enezinga eliphezulu lezinkinga zempilo yengqondo, kanye nasezindaweni zasemakhaya.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezinto ezifuthwayo? Yiziphi izinto esinazo emakhaya ethu?
Kunemikhiqizo engaphezu kwe-1,000 ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke esingayisebenzisa njengezinto zokuphefumula. Le mikhiqizo ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezine eziyinhloko. Bheka leli thebula, uzobona ukuthi ijwayeleke kangakanani kithi.
| Isigaba sokuphefumula | Izibonelo emakhaya ethu |
|---|---|
| Izinyibilikisi Eziguquguqukayo Uketshezi oluphuma kalula ekushiseni kwegumbi. |
|
| Ama-Aerosol Izifutho ezifakwe emathinini acindezelwe. | |
| Amagesi Izinhlobo zamagesi asetshenziswa kwezokwelapha nasekhaya. | |
| Ama-nitrite Amakhemikhali akhethekile. Lawa abizwa nangokuthi "ama-Poppers". |
Lokhu kuthinta kanjani umzimba? - Imiphumela yesikhashana
Uma la makhemikhali engena emzimbeni, indlela athinta ngayo umuntu ngamunye ingahluka. Lokhu kuncike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa impilo yakho, isisindo somzimba, nokuthi usebenzisa yini eminye imithi ngaleso sikhathi.
Ama-inhalants amaningi athinta ngqo uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa oluphakathi . Lokhu kusho ukuthi anciphisa ngokushesha ukusebenza kobuchopho bethu. Lokhu kungabangela imiphumela yesikhashana efana nalokhu:
- Ukulahlekelwa ukuzibamba: Ihlazo nokwesaba kuyanyamalala, okuholela esilingweni sokuthatha izinyathelo eziyingozi.
- Inkulumo ayicaci: amagama ayaphithana, inkulumo iyadida.
- Ukulahlekelwa ukulawula umzimba: ukungakwazi ukuhamba kahle, ubunzima bokulawula imilenze.
- Ukuzwa injabulo esheshayo: "Ukuphakama" kwesikhathi esifushane kakhulu, okusho umuzwa wenjabulo enkulu.
- Isiyezi (i-vertigo) kanye nobuhlungu bekhanda: Ukuzizwa sengathi ikhanda lakho liyazungeza.
- Isicanucanu kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu: Ukuzizwa sengathi uhlanza, ubuhlungu bekhanda.
- Impumulo namehlo agelezayo: ikhala namehlo abomvu, nomphimbo ubuhlungu.
- Ukudideka kanye nokubona izinto ezingekho:Ukuphupha izinto ezingekho: Ungase ubone noma uzwe izinto ezingekho.
Ingozi Ebulalayo: Ukweqisa Kwemithi kanye Nemiphumela Yesikhathi Eside
Lokhu kuyinto okudingeka siyicabangele ngokungathi sína. Njengoba ukudakwa yilezi zinto kuthatha imizuzu embalwa, kuyingozi kakhulu ukuqhubeka nokuphefumula amahora amaningi ngenhloso yokukwandisa isikhathi. Kungaholela ekulahlekelweni yingqondo ngisho nokufa.
Ngisho nokusetshenziswa kanye nje kungabangela ukufa okusheshayo kumuntu ophilile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "Ukufa Okungazelelwe Kokuhogela".
Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu kufa okuzumayo ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile okungazelelwe, okuholela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu uma kusetshenziswa izifutho ze-butane, i-propane, kanye ne-aerosol.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufa kungenzeka ngezinye izindlela:
- Ukuphelelwa umoya: Uma uphefumula njalo, amaphaphu agcwala la magesi anobuthi esikhundleni somoya-mpilo awudingayo. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi umzimba ulambe futhi ufe.
- Ukuminyana: Uma umuntu ephefumula isikhwama sepulasitiki phezu kwekhanda lakhe, umoya ovela ngaphandle uyayeka ukungena bese efa ngenxa yokuminyana.
- Ukuminyana: Uma uhlanza ngemva kokudakwa, ukuhlanza kungabhajwa endleleni yakho yokuphefumula bese kubangela ukuminyana.
Kwenzekani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?
Uma uba umlutha walo mkhuba, umonakalo ozowenza emzimbeni wakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi awucabangeki.
- Ukulimala kobuchopho okungapheli: ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo, ukukhubazeka kokufunda.
- Izinkinga zengqondo: Intukuthelo evame ukwenzeka, ukucindezeleka.
- Izinguquko zomzimba: Izinduna ezizungeze umlomo, isikhumba esikhanyayo, ukwehla kwesisindo, ukukhathala okuqhubekayo, ukoma ngokweqile (i-polydipsia).
- Ukulimala kwezinzwa: Ukulahlekelwa iphunga nokuzwa (i-anosmia), ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, kanye nomonakalo omkhulu esibindini nasezinso.
- Ezinye izimo ezinzima: Ukuthuthumela, ukulimala kwemisipha yenhliziyo, ukukhula kokuziphatha okulibazisekile ezinganeni nasebancane, i-coma, kanye nokufa.
Isimo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-Hypoxia
Yebo, ukusebenzisa izinto eziphefumulayo kungabangela isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Hypoxia . Kalula nje, yilapho la magesi anobuthi ethatha indawo yomoya-mpilo emaphashini ethu. Khona-ke izicubu zomzimba wethu azitholi umoya-mpilo eziwudingayo. Umoya-mpilo ubalulekile ukuze wonke amaseli nezitho zomzimba wethu zisebenze. Lapho umoya-mpilo ulahleka, amaseli, ikakhulukazi amangqamuzana obuchopho, aqala ukufa. Lokhu kuwumonakalo ongenakuguqulwa.
Ungakwazi yini ukulutheka kulezi zinto?
Yebo, ngokuqinisekile kungakwenza lokho.Uma uqhubeka nokusebenzisa lokhu, umzimba wakho usheshe uthembele kula makhemikhali. Bese, ukusebenzisa lezi zinto kuba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kuwe kunanoma yini enye empilweni yakho (isikole, umsebenzi, abangane).
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umzimba uyajwayelana nale nto (ukubekezelelana). Bese, udinga ukuphefumula kakhulu ukuze uthole amandla aphezulu njengakuqala. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi umlutha. Lesi simo ngokwezokwelapha sibizwa ngokuthi i-inhalant use disorder .
Ungaluthola kanjani usizo?
Uma ufunda lesi sihloko, noma uma othile omaziyo eyisigqila salo mkhuba, sicela ukhumbule ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ululame kuwo . Lokhu akuyona inkinga yokuziphatha, kodwa yisimo sezokwelapha esidinga ukwelashwa.
- Khuluma nomuntu omdala omethembayo: Khuluma nomzali, uthisha, noma nanoma yimuphi umuntu omdala omethembayo ngalokhu.
- Bona udokotela: Lena yinto engcono kakhulu ongayenza. Bona udokotela wakho noma udokotela bese nixoxa ngalokhu. Angakuqondisa endleleni efanele mayelana nezeluleko kanye nezindlela zokwelapha ezidingekayo ukuze unqobe lo mlutha.
- Esimweni esiphuthumayo: Uma umuntu equleka noma eba nobunzima bokuphefumula ngemva kokusebenzisa lezi zinto, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Myise esibhedlela esiseduze i-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU). Uma usola ukuthi kukhona into enobuthi edliwe, shayela i-National Poisons Information Centre ngokushesha e-Colombo National Hospital ukuze uthole iseluleko.
Ungakhohlwa, ukucela usizo akulona uphawu lobuthakathaka. Kungenye yezinyathelo eziqine kakhulu ongazithatha ukuze usindise impilo yakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Izinto zokuphefumula akuyona into yokuzijabulisa, zingamakhemikhali anobuthi kakhulu.
- Lezi zinto eziyingozi azitholakali kwenye indawo, kodwa zitholakala ezintweni esizibonayo nesizisebenzisela nsuku zonke emakhaya ethu.
- Ngisho noma isetshenziswa kanye kuphela empilweni, ingabangela ukufa ngokushesha.
- Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kubangela umonakalo ongenakuguqulwa ebuchosheni, esibindini, ezinso kanye nasenhliziyweni.
- Uma wena noma othile omaziyo ehlushwa yile nkinga, sicela ungahlupheki wedwa. Funa usizo kudokotela. Yisimo esingelapheka.
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