Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi awukwazi ukukhuphuka izitebhisi noma ukuhamba amabanga amade njengoba wawuvame ukwenza? Ingabe ukuthola kunzima ukuphefumula ngisho nalapho wenza imisebenzi emincane? Noma ingabe izinyawo zakho ziyavuvukala futhi awukwazi ngisho nokugqoka izicathulo zakho? Nakuba abantu abaningi becabanga ngalokhu njengokukhathala okuvamile, ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nesizathu esingathi sína ngemuva kwalokhu. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esinjalo, okungukuthi 'Ischemic Cardiomyopathy', isifo lapho imisipha yenhliziyo iba buthaka ngenxa yokuncipha kokugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy?
Ake sithi umzimba wethu uyidolobha elikhulu. Khona-ke inhliziyo iyisiteshi esikhulu sokupompa esihlinzeka ngamanzi kulowo muzi. Ukuze lesi siteshi sokupompa (inhliziyo) siqhubeke sisebenza, sidinga nomthombo wamandla ohlukile, okungukuthi, ukuhlinzekwa kwegazi. Sibiza le mithambo yegazi ehlinzeka ngegazi enhliziyweni ngokuthi imithambo yenhliziyo.
Ake ucabange nje, kwenzekani uma le mithambo yenhliziyo iqala ukuvaleka? Njengoba nje amapayipi amanzi evaleka ngokungcola futhi ukugeleza kwamanzi kwehla, izinto ezifana ne-cholesterol namafutha zifakwa ngaphakathi kwale mithambo bese ukugeleza kwegazi kuba mncane. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi i-Coronary Artery Disease .
Uma lokhu kugeleza kwegazi kuncipha, imisipha yenhliziyo ayitholi umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ezidingayo. Njengoba nje isihlahla sifa uma siswele amanzi, imisipha yenhliziyo nayo iqala ukuba buthaka futhi yonakale. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le nhliziyo ebuthakathaka ayikwazi ukupompa inani legazi elidingwa umzimba. I-ventricle yesobunxele, igumbi eliyinhloko lokupompa lenhliziyo, iba buthaka futhi ikhule. Lesi yisimo esiphelele esisibiza ngokuthi 'i-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy'.
Kalula nje, lesi sifo yisimo lapho imisipha yenhliziyo iba buthaka ngenxa yokuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi enikeza inhliziyo, okunciphisa ikhono lenhliziyo lokupompa . Lesi yisona sizathu esihamba phambili sokwehluleka kwenhliziyo emhlabeni.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo? Sizibona kanjani?
Esikhathini esiningi, lezi zimpawu azibonakali zonke ngesikhathi esisodwa. Zikhula kancane kancane. Abanye abantu bangase babe nalesi simo ngaphandle kwezimpawu nhlobo. Kodwa-ke, kunezimpawu ezimbalwa ezivamile.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya) | Ukuphefumula kwenzeka ikakhulukazi uma uzivocavoca (uhamba, ukhuphuka izitebhisi). Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, ungase ube nobunzima bokuphefumula ngisho noma umi noma ulele phansi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inhliziyo ibuthakathaka futhi ayikwazi ukupompa igazi liye emaphashini ngendlela efanele, okubangela uketshezi ukuthi luqoqeke emaphashini. |
| Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze nezinyawo (i-Edema) | Ngenxa yokuthi inhliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi kahle, uketshezi luqala ukuqongelela ezingxenyeni ezingezansi zomzimba, ikakhulukazi emilenzeni nasemaqakaleni. Uma uzizwa ushaya kakhulu lapho ucindezela lezo zindawo ngomunwe wakho, lokhu kungaba uphawu. |
| Ukukhathala okungabekezeleleki kanye nokukhathala `(Ukukhathala)` | Ngenxa yokuthi izitho zomzimba azitholi umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ezizidingayo, ungase uzizwe ukhathele kangangokuthi awukwazi ngisho nokwenza imisebenzi evamile yansuku zonke. |
| Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuqina (i-Angina) | Lokhu akwenzeki kuwo wonke umuntu. Kodwa uma inhliziyo ingatholi igazi elanele, ikakhulukazi uma ukhathele, ungazizwa uqinile noma unesisindo esifubeni sakho. |
| Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo (i-Arrhythmia) | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kungase kuzwakale sengathi inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha noma yeqa ukushaya. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uhlelo lukagesi lwenhliziyo nalo luyathinteka. |
| Isiyezi kanye nokungabi nangqondo | Uma ubuchopho bungatholi igazi elifanele, ungase uzizwe unesizungu futhi ngezinye izikhathi uphelelwe amandla. |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, uma unalezi zimpawu, ubone udokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu, ngaphandle kokucabanga ukuthi "lokhu kuyinto evamile."
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ingozi?
Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, imbangela eyinhloko isifo semithambo yenhliziyo.. Lokho kusho ukuthi imithambo yegazi ethwala igazi enhliziyweni ivaliwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwangaphambilini nakho kuyimbangela enkulu. Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwenzeka lapho igazi eliya engxenyeni ethile yenhliziyo linqanyulwa ngokuphelele, okubangela ukuba izicubu kuleyo ngxenye zife.
Ngakho-ke, izici eziyingozi ezifaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kwesifo semithambo yenhliziyo nazo zinegalelo ekuthuthukisweni kwe-'Ischemic Cardiomyopathy'.
Izici zengozi:
- Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme: Uma umfutho wegazi ukhuphuka, imithambo yegazi iyalimala futhi amathuba okuba i-cholesterol ibekwe kuyo ayanda.
- Isifo Sikashukela: Isifo sikashukela sibangela nomonakalo ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi.
- I-Cholesterol Ephakeme: Uma inani le-cholesterol embi (i-LDL) egazini landa, lihlala emithanjeni yegazi futhi livimbele ukugeleza kwegazi.
- Ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi (ukubhema): Ukubhema kuyimbangela enkulu yomonakalo emithanjeni yegazi.
- Umlando womndeni: Uma kukhona emndenini wakho (umama, ubaba, izingane zakini) owayenesifo senhliziyo esemncane, nawe usengozini enkulu.
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kanye nokukhuluphala ngokweqile: Uma ukhuluphala, inhliziyo yakho isebenza kanzima. Futhi kwandisa ingozi yakho yokuthola izifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye ne-cholesterol.
- Ukuntuleka kokuzilolonga: Ukuphila impilo yokuhlala phansi nakho kuyimbangela enkulu yalokhu.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo ngqo?
Uma uya kudokotela, uzoqala alalele ngokucophelela izimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wezokwelapha womndeni wakho. Ngemuva kwalokho uzohlola umzimba wakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzoyala ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Hlola izinto ezifana namazinga e-cholesterol, amazinga kashukela, kanye nokusebenza kwezinso.
- I-Electrocardiogram (ECG): Lokhu kuhlolwa kurekhoda umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo futhi kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ngaphambilini noma kukhona yini ukungahambi kahle kwesigqi senhliziyo.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Hlola ukuthi inhliziyo ikhuphukile yini kanye noketshezi oluqongeleleka emaphashini.
- I-Echocardiogram (Echo): Lokhu kufana nokuskena kwenhliziyo. Kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukubona ngokucacile amakamelo enhliziyo, ama-valve, kanye nendlela imisipha yenhliziyo eshaya ngayo (i-Ejection Fraction). Lokhu ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola lesi sifo.
- Ukuhlolwa Kokucindezeleka Kokuzivocavoca: I-ECG ithathwa ngenkathi uhamba ku-treadmill ukuze kubonakale ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ithola igazi elanele yini uma uzivocavoca.
- I-Catheterization Yenhliziyo / I-Angiogram: Lena yindlela engcono kakhulu yokubona kahle ukuthi imithambo yegazi yenhliziyo yakho ivaliwe yini. Ipayipi elincane lifakwa ngomthambo ongalweni noma emlenzeni wakho, lidluliselwe emithanjeni yenhliziyo yakho, kufakwe idayi ekhethekile, bese kuthathwa i-X-ray. Lokhu kukhombisa kahle ukuthi imithambo yegazi ivaliwe kangakanani.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Kunezinhloso ezintathu eziyinhloko zokwelashwa:
1. Yelapha imbangela (okungukuthi isifo semithambo yenhliziyo).
2. Ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.
3. Nciphisa izimpawu futhi uthuthukise ikhwalithi yokuphila.
Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa izindlela eziningana zokwelapha ndawonye.
1. Imithi (izinhlobo zemithi)
Imithi enikezwa ngale njongo inciphisa umthwalo enhliziyweni, ithuthukise ukusebenza kwenhliziyo, futhi ivimbele izinkinga ezengeziwe.
| Isigaba sezidakamizwa | Ukusebenza (okulula) |
|---|---|
| Ama-Beta-blocker | Ilawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo kancane futhi inciphise umthwalo enhliziyweni. |
| Ama-ACE Inhibitors / ama-ARB | Yandisa imithambo yegazi, yehlisa ukucindezeleka, futhi yenza kube lula ngenhliziyo ukupompa igazi. |
| Imithi yokuhlanza | Zisiza ekususeni amanzi angaphezulu aqongelela emzimbeni ngomchamo. Lezi ziwusizo kakhulu ekuvuvukeni kwemilenze nezinyawo. |
| Ama-anticoagulant | Zivimbela ukujiya kwegazi. Lezi zinikezwa laba bantu ngoba basengozini yokujiya kwegazi kanye nokushaya kohlangothi. |
| Ama-statin | Kunciphisa amazinga e-cholesterol futhi kuvimbela ukuvaleka okwengeziwe kwemithambo yegazi. |
Okubalulekile:Kubalulekile ukuthatha umuthi onikezwe udokotela wakho njengoba nje uyalelwe, ngesikhathi esifanele, nangesilinganiso esifanele. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha umuthi wakho noma ushintshe umthamo ngokwakho.
2. Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila
Ukwenza lezi zinto kubaluleke njengokuthatha imithi.
- Ukulawula usawoti: Nciphisa inani likasawoti olidlayo ngosuku. Usawoti awulona nje usawoti owufaka ekudleni kwakho. Kukhona nosawoti ofihliwe ezintweni ezifana nokudla okulungisiwe, amasoso, i-ketchup, amabhisikidi, nesinkwa.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Ngokweseluleko sikadokotela wakho, vivinya umzimba ngezinga ongakwazi ukulisebenzisa. Ngisho nokuhamba imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku kuhle.
- Gwema ukubhema: Uma ubhema, yeka ngokuphelele.
- Ukudla okunempilo: Yidla imifino eminingi, izithelo, ubhontshisi, kanye nokusanhlamvu okuphelele. Nciphisa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, ushukela kanye nofulawa.
- Ukulawula isisindo: Gcina isisindo esinempilo ngobude bakho.
3. Ukuhlinzwa kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha
Uma lesi simo singenakulawuleka ngemithi kanye nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila kuphela, udokotela angakudlulisela kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
- I-Angioplasty kanye ne-Stents: Ngesikhathi se-angiogram, umthambo wegazi ovalekile uvuvukala ngedivayisi efana nebhaluni, bese kufakwa idivayisi encane efana ne-mesh ebizwa ngokuthi i-stent ngaphakathi ukuze ivimbele ukuthi ingavimbeki futhi.
- Ukuhlinzwa Kokudlula Kwemithambo Yenhliziyo: Uma umthambo wegazi uvalekile ezindaweni eziningi, kwakhiwa indlela entsha ngokusebenzisa umthambo wegazi othathwe kwenye ingxenye yomzimba (umlenze noma isifuba) ukuze udlule indawo evalekile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlinzwa 'kokudlula'.
- Amadivayisi Afakelwayo: Uma izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo lingajwayelekile noma ikhono lokushaya kwenhliziyo libuthakathaka kakhulu, idivayisi encane kagesi efana ne-`ICD (Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator)` noma i-`CRT (Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy)` ingafakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba sesifuba. Lokhu kulawula isigqi senhliziyo.
- Ukufakelwa Inhliziyo: Ukufakelwa inhliziyo okunempilo kubhekwa njengendlela yokugcina yeziguli ezisezigabeni ezinzima kakhulu zesifo ezingakaphenduli kunoma yiluphi olunye ukwelashwa.
Ingabe lesi sifo singavinjelwa?
Yebo, impela. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela i-'Ischemic Cardiomyopathy' ukuvimbela isifo semithambo yenhliziyo esibangela ukuthi singakhuli. Lokho kusho ukulawula izici eziyingozi esixoxe ngazo ngaphambili.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo.
- Vivinya umzimba njalo.
- Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele.
- Lawula isisindo somzimba wakho.
- Uma unezifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma i-cholesterol, zilawule kahle ngokwemiyalelo kadokotela wakho.
- Lawula ukucindezeleka.
Kufanele uye nini esibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha?
Uma unalesi sifo noma usengozini yesifo senhliziyo, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Uma unezinhlungu zesifuba ezinzima noma unomuzwa wokuqina esifubeni sakho.
- Uma uzizwa unzima kakhulu ukuphefumula.
- Uma uzwa ukozela noma isiyezi.
Njengoba lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ukufuna ukwelashwa ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi kungasindisa ngisho nokuphila.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy yisimo lapho imisipha yenhliziyo iba buthaka ngenxa yokuncipha kokugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni, okunciphisa ikhono layo lokupompa.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko zalokhu zifaka phakathi ukukhathala, ukuvuvukala kwemilenze, kanye nokukhathala okukhulu. Ungakushayi indiva lokhu njengokujwayelekile.
- Imbangela eyinhloko yisifo semithambo yenhliziyo. Isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi, i-cholesterol, kanye nokubhema yizona zinto eziyinhloko ezibangela ingozi.
- Lesi sifo singalawulwa kahle. Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo, okuhlanganisa imithi, izinguquko zendlela yokuphila, kanye nokuhlinzwa uma kudingeka.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngqo nokuya emitholampilo ngezinsuku ezihleliwe.
- Lesi sifo singavinjelwa ngokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo.
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