Uyazi ngamabhange egazi asiza ekusindiseni izimpilo eziningi?

Wake wezwa ngokunikela ngegazi, noma ngesidingo segazi esimweni esiphuthumayo, noma ukuhlinzwa okukhulu? Uyazi ukuthi ubani ongasisiza ezikhathini ezinjalo? Lokho amabhange egazi. Nakuba ebizwa ngokuthi amabhange, awafaki imali. Pho-ke? Ake sixoxe ngale nsizakalo esindisa impilo namuhla.

Ngakho-ke iyini ibhange legazi?

Kalula nje, ibhange legazi yindawo lapho igazi liqoqwa khona kubanikeli abanempilo, abazinikele, lihlolwe, futhi ligcinwe kahle. Njengoba nje sifaka imali ebhange bese siyikhipha noma nini lapho sifuna, amabhange egazi ahlinzeka ngegazi elisindisa impilo kulabo abalidingayo, uma belidinga. Kodwa khumbula, akukhona ngemali, kumayelana nezimpilo!

Kungani izindawo zokugcina igazi zibaluleke kangaka kithi?

Cabanga ngomuntu olahlekelwe igazi eliningi engozini. Noma, ngomuntu olungiselela ukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Kunezinye izifo, isibonelo, njenge-Thalassemia, lapho abantu abane-anemia enzima, iziguli zomdlavuza, noma abantu abanezifo ezithile zegazi kufanele banikeze igazi njalo. Futhi, umama angalahlekelwa igazi eliningi ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Kunoma ikuphi, uma engakwazi ukunikezwa igazi ngokushesha, kungaba yingozi empilweni. Yilapho igazi kula mabhange egazi liba umuthi osindisa impilo. Igazi akuyona into engenziwa ngokwenziwa. Yingakho indima yamabhange egazi ibaluleke kangaka.

Lawa mabhange egazi athola kanjani igazi? (Ake sifunde futhi ngokunikela ngegazi)

Manje ungase ucabange, 'Kulungile, kukhona igazi emabhange egazi. Kodwa livelaphi lelo gazi?' Leli gazi eliyigugu livela kubantu abadala abanempilo njengami nawe abanikela ngegazi ngokuzithandela. Lona umnikelo omuhle kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, noma ubani oneminyaka ephakathi kuka-18 no-60, onempilo, ongenazo izifo ezithelelanayo, futhi onesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu angu-50 anganikela ngegazi. Abanye abantu bangase besabe kancane ngokunikela ngegazi. Izinto ezinjengokuthi, 'Ingabe kuzobuhlungu uma ngithola inalithi? Ingabe ngizokhathala uma nginikela ngegazi? Ingabe ngizoba negazi elanele emzimbeni wami?'

Eqinisweni, ukunikela ngegazi kungaba buhlungu kancane, kodwa akubekezeleleki. Odokotela nabahlengikazi bakuhlola ngokucophelela ukuze babone ukuthi uyakufanelekela yini ukunikela ngegazi. Inani elincane kakhulu legazi lithathwa emzimbeni wakho (ngokuvamile cishe amamililitha angu-450). Lelo nani ligcwaliswa emzimbeni wakho zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ngakho-ke, akukho monakalo emzimbeni wakho, futhi ngeke uzizwe ukhathele kakhulu. Yonke imishini esetshenziselwa ukunikela ngegazi intsha futhi ihlanziwe, ngakho ngeke utheleleke nganoma yisiphi isifo. Ubuwazi ukuthi ukunikela ngegazi elilodwa kungasindisa izimpilo ezifika kwabathathu ?

Kwenzekani egazini elitholwa ebhange legazi?

Kulungile, ake sithi unikela ngegazi. Kwenzekani kulelo gazi ngemva kwalokho? Ingabe liya ngqo esigulini? Cha, alihambi. Isikhwama ngasinye segazi esiza ebhange legazi sihlolwa ngokucophelela futhi sihlolwa kaningana okukhethekile.

1. Ukuhlolwa kweqembu legazi kanye ne-Rh factor

Into yokuqala okudingeka uyenze ukuthola ukuthi uhlobo lwegazi lakho luyini ngempela (A, B, AB, noma O) kanye ne-Rh factor (enhle noma engemihle). Ngoba lapho unikela ngegazi, udinga ukunikeza igazi elifanelana ncamashi nohlobo lwegazi lesiguli. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kungavela izinkinga ezinkulu.

2. Ukuhlolwa kwezifo ezithelelanayo

Okulandelayo, igazi liyahlolwa ukuze kutholakale izifo ezifana ne-HIV (igciwane elibangela ingculaza), i-Hepatitis B no-C (izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezithinta isibindi), kanye ne-Syphilis. Inhloso eyinhloko yalezi zivivinyo ukuvimbela ukudluliselwa kwezifo ngokumpontshelwa igazi. Uma igazi liqinisekiswa ukuthi linesifo esinjalo nganoma iyiphi indlela, lelo gazi ngeke linikezwe noma yisiphi isiguli.

3. Ukuhlukaniswa Kwezingxenye Zegazi

Esikhathini esiningi, asinikezi iziguli igazi eliphelele. Ngenxa yokuthi isiguli ngasinye sidinga ingxenye ngayinye yegazi, igazi elinikelwe lihlukaniswa ngezingxenye zalo eziyinhloko kusetshenziswa imishini ekhethekile.

• Amaseli Egazi Abomvu: Lawa yiwo athwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke. Anikezwa abantu abane-anemia, labo abalahlekelwe igazi eliningi ezingozini, kanye nalabo abaye bahlinzwa.
• Ama-Platelet: Lawa asiza ekuqhekekeni kwegazi. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ukuthi ama-platelet ayancipha uma une-dengue. Ayadingeka futhi kubantu abanezifo ezifana ne-leukemia nalabo abathola ukwelashwa komdlavuza.
• I-Plasma: Lena yingxenye yegazi ewuketshezi. I-Plasma inikezwa abantu abaye basha, bahlushwa yizifo zesibindi, kanye nezinkinga zokujiya kwegazi.
• I-Cryoprecipitate: Lena enye ingxenye ekhethekile ehlukaniswe ne-plasma. Isetshenziselwa abantu abanezinkinga zokopha njenge-haemophilia.

Cabanga ukuthi kungaba usizo kangakanani ukukwazi ukuhlukanisa izingxenye ezinjengalezi ekunikelweni kwegazi okukodwa bese usiza iziguli eziningana ezahlukene!

4. Indawo yokugcina efanele

Igazi nezingxenye zegazi ezihlolwe futhi zahlukaniswa ngale ndlela zigcinwa ezingeni lokushisa elifanele eziqandisini ezikhethekile naseziqandisini. Ingxenye ngayinye yegazi inesikhathi esivumelekile. Isibonelo, ngenkathi amangqamuzana abomvu egazi engagcinwa cishe izinsuku ezingu-35-42, ama-platelet angagcinwa kuphela izinsuku ezi-5. I-plasma ingagcinwa efrijini cishe unyaka. Lokhu kugcinwa okufanele kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukunikela ngegazi ngokushesha esimweni esiphuthumayo.

Ubani othola igazi? (Masiqaphele futhi ngokumpontshelwa igazi)

Ubani odinga igazi elivela ebhange legazi? Njengoba sesixoxile ngaphambili, igazi linikezwa noma ubani olidingayo ngenxa yezingozi, ukuhlinzwa, noma izimo zezokwelapha ezahlukahlukene. Kodwa kukhona into ebaluleke kakhulu lapha. Lokho ukuhambisana kohlobo lwegazi.

Ngaphambi kokunikeza isiguli igazi, uhlobo lwegazi lesiguli kanye nohlobo lwegazi olusesikhwameni segazi esinikelwe kuhlolwa ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kuyahambisana. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "ukufaniswa kwegazi okungalungile". Uma kunikezwa uhlobo lwegazi olungalungile, kungaba yingozi ngisho nakumuntu ogulayo. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kuyinto eyenziwa ngokucophelela okukhulu.

Ukumpontshelwa igazi kuvame ukwenziwa esibhedlela, ngaphansi kokuqondisa kodokotela nabahlengikazi. Kufana nokunikeza isisombululo se-saline. Isikhwama segazi silengiswa esitendini se-saline bese igazi linikezwa nge-cannula lingene emthanjeni wesiguli. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, abasebenzi bezokwelapha banaka kakhulu ukuthi isiguli sibhekene nanoma yikuphi ukungakhululeki (njengomkhuhlane, ukulunywa, nobunzima bokuphefumula).

Eminye imibono eyiphutha mayelana nokunikelwa kwegazi kanye namabhange egazi

Nakuba ukunikela ngegazi kuyinto enhle engasindisa izimpilo, kunemibono eyiphutha abanye abantu abanayo ngakho. Ake sibheke lokho.

• 'Ukulunywa kuzobuhlungu, ngiyesaba': Yiqiniso, kukhona ubuhlungu obuncane. Kodwa kuyinto encane, njengokulunywa umiyane. Uma lobo buhlungu obuncane bungasindisa impilo, bubiza malini?
• 'Ingabe ngizogula uma nginikela ngegazi': Lutho neze. Yonke imishini esetshenziswa ukuthatha igazi intsha futhi ihlanziwe. Ngakho ngeke uthole izifo.
• 'Anginalo igazi elanele emzimbeni wami, ngizoba nenkinga uma nginikela ngalo': Ngaphambi kokuthatha igazi kuwe, isimo sakho sempilo sihlolwa ngokucophelela. Umthamo wegazi, isisindo, kanye nomfutho wegazi kuyahlolwa, futhi igazi lithathwa kuphela uma ungekho engozini. Inani elithathwayo lincane futhi ngeke libangele umonakalo emzimbeni.
• 'Ukunikela ngegazi kukwenza ube mncane/mkhulu': Lokhu futhi kuyiphutha elingalungile. Akukho ukuxhumana phakathi kokunikela ngegazi nokushintsha kwesisindo somzimba.

Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukungakhohliswa yimibono enjalo eyiphutha bese uphuma uzonikela ngegazi noma nini lapho kungenzeka. Cabanga nje ukuthi umnikelo wakho owodwa ungasindisa izimpilo ezingaki!

Injani insizakalo yebhange legazi eSri Lanka?

Ezweni lakithi, eSri Lanka, le nsizakalo yebhange legazi yenziwa ngendlela ehlelekile kakhulu, ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke, yiNational Blood Transfusion Service (NBTS) . Bagcina inethiwekhi yamabhange egazi ezibhedlela kulo lonke izwe. Bahlela futhi amakamu okunikela ngegazi, bahlole igazi, baligcine, futhi balisakaze ezibhedlela ezidingayo. Konke lokhu kwenziwa mahhala. Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu futhi ebalulekile yensizakalo yezempilo ezweni lakithi.

Singasiza kanjani ngalokhu?

Ukuze izinsizakalo zokulondoloza igazi ziphumelele, kumele kube nokunikezwa kwegazi njalo. Sonke singaba negalelo kulokho.

• Uma ungumuntu omdala onempilo futhi ofanelekela ukunikela ngegazi, nakanjani nikela ngegazi. Hlola ukuthi ikhona yini ikamu lokunikela ngegazi endaweni yakini, noma ungavakashela ibhange legazi esibhedlela sikahulumeni esiseduze uthole imininingwane.
• Fundisa abangani bakho nomndeni wakho ngokubaluleka kokunikela ngegazi. Sula imibono eyiphutha bese ukhuthaza abanye ukuba benze okufanayo.
• Yabelana ngemiyalezo yokunikela ngegazi ngezokuxhumana.

Khumbula, iconsi legazi olinikelayo lingasindisa impilo yomunye umuntu!

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Ngakho-ke, cishe usuyaqonda manje ukuthi ibhange legazi akuyona indawo lapho ubeka khona imali, kodwa yindawo ebaluleke kakhulu lapho ubeka khona izimpilo futhi usize ekusindiseni izimpilo. Ibhange legazi yilapho igazi elinikelwa ngabantu abaphilile lihlolwa ngokucophelela, lihlukaniswe libe yizingxenye, ligcinwe ngokuphephile, bese linikezwa umuntu ofanele, uma kudingeka.

Igazi liyinto engenakukhiqizwa ngokwenziwa futhi lingatholakala kuphela emzimbeni womuntu. Ngakho-ke, ukunikela ngegazi kungumhlatshelo omkhulu kakhulu umuntu angakwenza. Ukunikela ngegazi lakho kanye kungasindisa izimpilo eziningana. Ngakho-ke, woza uzonikela ngegazi ngaphandle kokwesaba noma ukungabaza. Ukwaneliseka ozokuthola kulo kuzoba yinto engenakuqhathaniswa.

Ibhange legazi , ukunikela ngegazi, ukumpontshelwa igazi, amaqembu egazi, i-NBTS, iSri Lanka, impilo