Ake sifunde ngqo nge-cholesterol ye-LDL, "i-cholesterol embi"?

Ngesikhathi usanda kuhlola amazinga akho e-cholesterol ekuhlolweni kwegazi lakho, ingabe udokotela uthe izinga lakho le-LDL liphezulu kancane? Kungenzeka ukuthi wesaba kancane lapho esho lokho. Namuhla, sizokhuluma nge-LDL, eyaziwa nangokuthi "i-cholesterol embi." Ungesabi, ake sikuqonde lokhu kalula nangokucacile.

Okokuqala, ake sibone, iyini i-cholesterol ye-LDL?

Kulungile, ake siqale kalula. Igazi elisemizimbeni yethu alilona nje amanzi. Linezinto eziningi kulo, njengamaseli, amaprotheni, namafutha (amafutha). Manje cabanga ngakho, amafutha namanzi awahlangani ndawonye, ​​akunjalo? Ngokufanayo, amafutha asemizimbeni yethu, okungukuthi i-cholesterol, awakwazi ukuhlangana negazi futhi ahambe.

Ngakho-ke, ukuze sithwale le cholesterol isuka endaweni ethile iye kwenye emzimbeni, sidinga "insizakalo yokuthutha" ekhethekile. Leyo nsizakalo yokuthutha yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ama-lipoprotein . Lezi zifana nezimoto ezincane. Lezi zimoto zakhiwe ngamafutha namaprotheni.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-lipoprotein. Enye yazo yi -LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) . Le moto ye-LDL inenani elikhulu le-cholesterol kanye nenani elincane leprotheyini ngaphakathi kwayo. Lokho kusho ukuthi ifana nemoto egcwele i-cholesterol. Eqinisweni, i-cholesterol yinto ebalulekile emzimbeni wethu. I-cholesterol iyadingeka emisebenzini eminingi ebalulekile njengokwenza ama-hormone nokwakha izindonga zamaseli. Ngakho-ke, insizakalo enikezwa yimoto ebizwa ngokuthi i-LDL nayo inhle kakhulu.

Ngakho-ke kungani le LDL ibizwa ngokuthi "i-cholesterol embi"?

Nansi into. Uma noma yini isiningi kakhulu, kuvela izinkinga. Kwenzeka into efanayo ku-LDL. Cabanga ukuthi uma inani elithile lezimoto lisemgwaqweni, akukho nkinga, wonke umuntu uya lapho eya khona. Kodwa kwenzekani uma inani elikhulu lezimoto lifika ngokuzumayo emgwaqweni? Izimoto ziyanqwabelana, umgwaqo uvalwe, futhi izingozi zingase zenzeke.

Kwenzeka into efanayo ku-LDL. Lapho izinga le-LDL egazini lethu lidlula inani elinconywayo, lezi zinhlayiya ze-LDL ezengeziwe ziqala ukufakwa ngaphakathi kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi yethu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lolu ngqimba lwe-cholesterol olufakwa luba lukhulu kancane kancane. Lufana nokugqwala okwakheka ngaphakathi kwepayipi lamanzi. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "i-atherosclerosis."

Uma amafutha enqwabelana ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, ukugeleza kwegazi kuyancipha kancane kancane. Yilokhu okubangela izinkinga eziningi zempilo eziyingozi.

• Uma kuthinta imithambo yegazi yenhliziyo (Isifo Semithambo Yenhliziyo): Imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni ingavimbeka, okubangela ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo .
• Uma imithambo yegazi eya ebuchosheni ithintekile (Isifo Semithambo Yegazi): Ukugeleza kwegazi kuya ebuchosheni kungayeka, okubangela isifo sohlangothi .
• Uma imithambo yegazi ezingalweni nasemilenzeni ithintekile (Isifo Semithambo Engaphesheya): Ukugeleza kwegazi ezingalweni nasemilenzeni kuyancipha, futhi kungase kube nezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu lapho uhamba.
• Uma i-aorta eyinhloko ithintekile (i-Aortic Aneurysm): Umthambo wegazi omkhulu emzimbeni ungase ube buthaka futhi ube sengozini yokuqhekeka.

Yingakho sithi kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina amazinga e-LDL esezingeni elifanele.

Amazinga e-LDL cholesterol kufanele abe njani?

Umbiko wakho wokuhlolwa kwegazi (Lipid Profile Report) uzobonisa izinga lakho le-LDL ngama-milligram nge-deciliter (mg/dL). Ngokuvamile, kungcono ukugcina izinga lakho le-LDL lingaphansi kuka-100 mg/dL kumuntu omdala onempilo. Kodwa-ke, uma uke waba nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi ngaphambilini, udokotela wakho angancoma ukuthi ugcine izinga lakho le-LDL lingaphansi kuka-70 mg/dL .

Ungathola ukuqonda okungcono kwala mazinga kusukela kuthebula elingezansi.

Igama elimayelana ne-HDL, "i-cholesterol enhle"

Kungenzeka ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi umbiko wakho uhlanganisa inani le- HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) kanye ne-LDL. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "i-cholesterol enhle". Indima ye-HDL iwukuthatha i-cholesterol embi kakhulu (i-LDL) efakwa emithanjeni yegazi bese iyiyisa esibindini. Isuswa esibindini emzimbeni. Ngamanye amazwi, i-HDL ifana nesihlanzi semithambo yegazi yethu. Ngakho-ke , uma inani le-HDL liphezulu, kuba ngcono (ngokuvamile, uma lingaphezu kuka-60 mg/dL, lihle kakhulu).

Yiziphi izimbangela zamazinga aphezulu e-LDL?

Akukho neyodwa imbangela ye-LDL ephezulu, kodwa ziningi izinto ezingaba nomthelela kukho. Nakuba ezinye izinto esingazilawula, ezinye izinto zingaphezu kwamandla ethu.

• Ukudla: Lesi yisona sizathu esiyinhloko. Ukudla ukudla okunamafutha agcwele kanye namafutha e-trans kwandisa amazinga e-LDL. Isibonelo, inyama eyomisiwe njengesoseji, ubhekeni, ne-ham, ukudla kobisi okunamafutha amaningi njengoshizi nebhotela, izinto ezibhakiwe njengamakhekhe nama-donuts, kanye nokudla okuthosiwe okujulile njenge-French fries.
• Isisindo somzimba: Uma isisindo somzimba sikhuphuka, okungukuthi, uma kukhona ukukhuluphala, kunethuba elikhulu lokwenyuka kwamazinga e-LDL.
• Ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi: Ukubhema, ugwayi ongenantuthu (i-mawa, i-betel nut), kanye nokuvayiza kunciphisa izinga le-cholesterol enhle (i-HDL) emzimbeni wethu. Lapho i-HDL yehla, imithambo yegazi ayihlanzwa kahle. Khona-ke izinga le-LDL liyakhuphuka ngokuzenzakalelayo.
• Imithi ethile: Eminye imithi oyithathayo kwezinye izimo ingakhuphula amazinga akho e-LDL. Isibonelo, eminye imithi yomfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nemithi yokutheleleka nge-HIV.
• Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha: Uma unezimo zezokwelapha ezifana nesifo sikashukela , isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona , noma ukutheleleka nge-HIV , amazinga akho e-LDL angase abe phezulu.
• Ubudala: Njengoba sikhula, kuba nokwanda kwemvelo kwamazinga e-cholesterol emzimbeni.
• Ubulili: Ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, okungukuthi, ngemva kokuphela kokuya esikhathini kwanyanga zonke, abesifazane bavame ukuba namazinga aphezulu e-LDL.
• Ufuzo (izakhi zofuzo): Uma amalungu omndeni wakho aseduze, njengomama wakho, ubaba, noma izingane zakini, ene-cholesterol ephezulu, ungase uzuze leyo ngozi ngofuzo.

Kulungile, ungayinciphisa kanjani le "cholesterol embi"?

Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Kunezinto eziningi ongazenza. Abantu abaningi bangafinyelela imiphumela emikhulu ngokushintsha indlela yabo yokuphila.

1. Yamukela ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo: Kungumqondo omuhle ukulandela into efana neMediterranean Diet. Okusho ukuthi,Engeza imifino eminingi, izithelo, ubhontshisi, okusanhlamvu okuphelele (irayisi elinsundu, i-oats, ibhali), amantongomane, nenhlanzi ekudleni kwakho. Nciphisa ukudla okunamafutha, okuthosiwe, okumnandi, kanye nokudla okusheshayo ngangokunokwenzeka.

2. Gwema ukusebenzisa ugwayi ngokuphelele: Hhayi ugwayi, ama-beedis, kanye nogwayi kuphela, kodwa futhi udinga ukuyeka ukubhema.

3. Ukuzivocavoca: Yenza okungenani imizuzu engama-30 yokuzivocavoca nge-aerobic ngosuku. Kuhle uma ungenza okuthile njengokuhamba ngokushesha, ukugijima, ukugibela ibhayisikili, noma ukubhukuda.

4. Gcina isisindo esinempilo: Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yisiphi isisindo esifanele ubude bakho. Zama ukugcina leso sisindo.

5. Nciphisa ukucindezeleka: Ukucindezeleka isikhathi eside kungakhuphula i-LDL futhi kwehlise i-HDL. Khulula ingqondo yakho ngokwenza izinto ezifana ne-yoga, ukuzindla, noma ukuzibandakanya nomdlalo owuthandayo.

6. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngemithi oyiphuzayo: Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze ubone ukuthi noma yimiphi imithi oyiphuzayo iyawathinta yini amazinga akho e-LDL.

Uma lezi zinguquko zendlela yokuphila zingawehlisi amazinga akho e-LDL, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi. Ama-statin ayisigaba esiyinhloko semithi evame ukunqunyelwa ukwehlisa i-LDL.