Ingabe wena noma othile emndenini wakho une-pacemaker noma enye idivayisi yenhliziyo? Uma kunjalo, kungenzeka ukuthi wake wezwa ngentambo encane egijima isuka kudivayisi iye enhliziyweni. Lezi zivame ukufakwa impilo yonke. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo ezikhethekile, lezi zintambo zidinga ukususwa ngokucophelela noma zikhishwe enhliziyweni. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'ukukhishwa kwe-lead' kwezokwelapha. Kungani lokhu kwenziwa? Ingabe kuyingozi? Sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula namuhla, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Okokuqala, ake sibone ukuthi lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi 'ukuhola' kusho ukuthini.
Uma ucabanga 'ngomthofu', ungacabangi ngomthofu wepensela! Lokhu kuyinto ehluke ngokuphelele. Kalula nje, lucingo oluncane kakhulu olugoqwe ngokufakwa kokushisa okukhethekile. Luhamba kusuka kudivayisi yakho ye-pacemaker noma i-ICD (implantable cardioverter-defibrillator) luye enhliziyweni yakho.
Uyazi, lawa madivayisi asetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukungasebenzi kahle kwesigqi senhliziyo, okuwukuthi lapho inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha kakhulu, kancane kakhulu, noma ngokungajwayelekile (ama-arrhythmia). Ngakho-ke, lapho isigqi senhliziyo singahambi kahle, isignali encane kagesi evela kudivayisi ihamba ngale ndlela eya enhliziyweni. Leso signali yisona esenza inhliziyo ishaye ngendlela evamile futhi. Kufana nokuvula i-TV nge-remote.
Ngakho-ke kuyini 'ukukhipha umthofu'?
Kalula nje, lokhu kubhekisela ekuhlinzeni ukususa eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yalezi zintambo 'ze-lead' enhliziyweni.
Kodwa lokhu akulula njengoba kubonakala. Isizathu ukuthi ngemva kokuba lolu cingo lufakwe enhliziyweni, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imizimba yethu yakha izicubu ezincane zesibazi ezizungezile. Lolu ketshezi lwesibazi lubangela ukuthi ucingo lunamathele ngokuqinile emithanjeni yegazi nasodongeni lwenhliziyo. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukulususa ngendlela evamile. Ukwenza kanjalo kungalimaza imithambo yegazi.
Ngakho-ke, imishini ekhethekile kanye nekhono likadokotela wenhliziyo onolwazi oluphezulu kubalulekile ukuze kuhlukaniswe ngokucophelela lesi silonda futhi kukhululwe lolu cingo ngaphandle kokulimaza imithambo yegazi.
Nokho, kungani udinga ukususa lezi zintambo ngokuzumayo?
Kunezizathu eziningana zalokhu. Ezinye ziyizimo eziphuthumayo, ezinye zihlelwe kusenesikhathi. Ake sibheke izizathu eziyinhloko.
| Isizathu sokususwa | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukutheleleka kudivayisi noma ucingo | Lena imbangela eyinhloko nevame kakhulu . Ukutheleleka egazini (i-bacteremia) kungasakazeka kudivayisi kanye nentambo. Ngezinye izikhathi ama-valve enhliziyo nawo angatheleleka (i-infective endocarditis). Ezimweni ezinjalo, kuyadingeka ukususa lonke uhlelo (idivayisi kanye nentambo) ukulawula ukutheleleka. |
| Ukuphuka kwentambo noma ukungasebenzi kahle | Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ucingo lungaphuka ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle. Khona-ke isignali ethunyelwa kusuka kudivayisi ayifinyeleli kahle enhliziyweni. Ngakho-ke, ucingo oluphukile, olungenamsebenzi, kumele lususwe. |
| Ukwakheka kwezicubu zesilonda ngokweqile (I-Exit Block) | Uma ingxenye yocingo, lapho ixhuma khona nenhliziyo, iba nkulu kakhulu ngenxa yezicubu zesibazi, isignali kagesi ayikwazi ukudlula kulowo mgoqo oya enhliziyweni. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'ibhulokhi yokuphuma'. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi idivayisi ingasebenzi kahle. |
| Ezinye izinkinga | Ngezinye izikhathi ucingo ngokwalo lungabangela ukungalingani kwenhliziyo. Futhi, amahlule egazi angakheka nxazonke ucingo, okuvimbe ukugeleza kwegazi. |
| Ukubuyiselwa emuva ngumkhiqizi | Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi umenzi abuyise uhlobo oluthile lwentambo ngenxa yephutha. Ngisho nalapho, kuzodingeka zisuswe. |
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa kanjani ngempela?
Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwenza lokhu kuhlinzwa. Indlela evame kakhulu iwukusebenzisa umthambo we-subclavian, otholakala ngaphansi kwe-collarbone (clavicle). Uma lokho kungenzeki, kungenziwa nangomthambo osesinqeni (femoral vein).
Nansi incazelo elula yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yalokho okwenzekayo ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa:
1. I-Anesthesia: Okokuqala, uzofakwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke uzwe lutho kuze kube yilapho ukuhlinzwa kuphelile, futhi uzobe ulele.
2. Ukufakwa kwepayipi elikhethekile:Udokotela ube esefaka ipayipi elikhethekile elibizwa ngokuthi 'umgoqo' komunye wemithambo yegazi yakho bese eliqondisa 'emthonjeni' osenhliziyweni yakho.
3. Ukumboza ucingo: Okulandelayo, ucingo oludala lumbozwa ngokuphelele ngalo 'mgobo', njengokumboza isivalo sepeni ngesivalo.
4. Ukusebenzisa ama-X-ray aphilayo: Konke lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa izithombe ze-X-ray ezibukhoma (i-fluoroscopy). Ukuze udokotela akwazi ukubona kahle ukuthi kwenzekani ngaphakathi emzimbeni.
5. Ukubhujiswa kwezicubu zezibazi: Kusetshenziswa amathuluzi akhethekile ekugcineni 'kwesigxobo', izicubu zezibazi ezizungeze intambo ziyaqhekeka kancane kancane, zikhulule intambo. Ngezinye izikhathi, imisebe ye-laser isetshenziselwa lokhu. Amandla e-laser ayawushintsha umbala izicubu zezibazi bese ezisusa.
6. Ukususa ucingo: Uma ucingo selungenazo nhlobo izicubu zesibazi, lususwa ngokucophelela emzimbeni kanye 'nomgobo'.
7. Ukuvala inxeba: Ekugcineni, inxeba livalwa ngezithungo bese limbozwa ngebhandeji.
Uzophinde ufake izintambo ezintsha?
Lokhu kuncike esizathwini sokususa ucingo. Ake sithi isizathu ukutheleleka. Uma kunjalo, ukutheleleka kumele kuqala kwelapheke ngokuphelele . Lokhu kungadinga izinsuku noma amasonto ambalwa ama-antibiotic. Kuphela ngemva kokuba ukutheleleka sekupholile lapho kuzofakwa khona idivayisi entsha kanye nocingo. Kodwa-ke, uma isizathu kuyinto efana nocingo oluphukile, kungafakwa olusha ngesikhathi esifanayo nokuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe oludala.
Yiziphi izinzuzo kanye nezingozi ezingaba khona zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yezokwelapha, kunezinzuzo nezingozi. Izingozi zingancishiswa uma lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa yithimba lezokwelapha elinolwazi.
| Izinzuzo eziyinhloko | |
|---|---|
| ✅ | Uma bekukhona ukutheleleka, bekungelapheka ngokuphelele. |
| ✅ | Ukubuyisela ukusebenza kahle kwedivayisi ngokufaka intambo entsha, esebenza kahle esikhundleni sentambo ephukile noma engasebenzi kahle. |
| ✅ | Ukuxazulula izinkinga ezifana nokungahambi kahle kwesigqi senhliziyo kanye nokuqhekeka kwegazi okubangelwa yintambo. |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha udokotela wenhliziyo oqeqeshwe kahle nonolwazi kanye nesibhedlela, njengoba lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okuyinkimbinkimbi.
| Izingozi ezingaba khona (ezingavamile kakhulu) | |
|---|---|
| ⚠️ | Ukulimala komthambo wegazi noma udonga lwenhliziyo kanye nokopha ngokweqile. |
| ⚠️ | Uma isusiwe, ucingo luyaphuka bese kuba khona ingxenye encane emzimbeni. |
| ⚠️ | Igazi lihlangana nxazonke kwenhliziyo. |
| ⚠️ | Izinkinga ezihlobene nokubulala izinzwa. |
Ingabe ngidinga ukuhlala esibhedlela ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Yebo, ngokuvamile kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Kungase kube isikhathi eside. Phakathi naleso sikhathi:
- Ukuphumula: Kuzodingeka ulale embhedeni uphumule amahora amaningana, ikakhulukazi uma ukuhlinzwa kwenziwe nge-groin.
- Ukunikeza ama-antibiotic: Uma ukuhlinzwa kwenziwe ngenxa yokutheleleka, ama-antibiotic afakwa ngemithambo azoqhubeka.
- Ama-X-ray: I-X-ray yesifuba yenziwa ngakusasa ekuseni ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi izintambo ezintsha zisesimweni esifanele yini.
Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, yiziphi izikhathi lapho udinga ukukhuluma nodokotela?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izinguquko zomzimba wakho ngisho noma usubuyele ekhaya. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela esiseduze (i-ETU) .
- Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula.
- Uma uba nomkhuhlane (ngaphezu kuka-101°F) .
- Uma kukhona ukuvuvukala, ukopha ngokweqile, noma uketshezi olufana nobovu oluphuma endaweni yokuhlinzwa.
- Uma ubona ukuvuvukala okungavamile eminweni noma ezinzwaneni zakho.
Ungazinaki lezi zimpawu. Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungavimbela izinkinga ezinkulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukukhishwa komthofu kuyindlela ekhethekile yokuhlinzwa esusa izintambo ze-pacemaker noma amadivayisi e-ICD enhliziyweni.
- Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu ukutheleleka kudivayisi noma ocingweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ocingweni kungase kuphuke noma kungasebenzi kahle.
- Lokhu ukuhlinzwa okuyinkimbinkimbi okumele kwenziwe ngokucophelela okukhulu ngudokotela onolwazi, njengoba izicubu zesilonda zakheka nxazonke zocingo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izimpawu eziyisixwayiso (umkhuhlane, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala) ezingase zivele ngemva kokuhlinzwa nokufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma kwenzeka isimo esinjalo.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukwesaba ngalokhu, xoxa ngakho ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho wenhliziyo. Bazokuchazela konke.
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