"Dokotela, sekuphele isikhathi eside ngiqala ukuthatha imithi yale cholesterol. Ngilawula nokudla kwami kahle kakhulu. Kodwa izinga lami le-cholesterol alikanciphi..." Ingabe nawe uzizwa kanje? Noma ingabe othile emndenini wakho unale nkinga? Eqinisweni, ukulawula i-cholesterol kuyinselele enkulu kwabanye abantu. Nakuba abantu abaningi bethola imiphumela emihle emithini yohlobo lwe-'statin', abanye abayenzi. Ngakho-ke, umuthi omusha obizwa ngokuthi iLeqvio wethulwe ukusiza abantu abanjalo. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe nanamuhla.
Iyini le cholesterol ephezulu (i-Hyperlipidemia)?
Kalula nje, i-Hyperlipidemia yilapho unezinhlobo eziningi kakhulu zamafutha (esizibiza ngokuthi ama-lipid) egazini lakho. Sonke sidinga amafutha emizimbeni yethu. Enza imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile. Kodwa yilapho eba phezulu kakhulu lapho izinkinga ziqala khona. Uma la mazinga amafutha ephezulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ingozi yokuthola izifo ezinkulu njengesifo senhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, kanye nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo iyanda kakhulu.
Sivame ukukhuluma ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zamafutha.
| Uhlobo lwamafutha | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-cholesterol ye-LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) | Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi “i-cholesterol embi” ngoba ifakwa ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi, kancane kancane iyivale bese ibangela izifo zenhliziyo. |
| I-cholesterol ye-HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) | Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-cholesterol enhle" ngoba kusiza ukuthwala i-cholesterol embi (i-LDL) iye esibindini futhi iyisuse emzimbeni. |
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona olunye uhlobo lwamafutha abizwa ngokuthi ama-triglycerides. Akukuhle ukuba nawo amaningi kakhulu.
Yiziphi izimbangela ze-cholesterol ephezulu?
Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu kubangelwa inhlanganisela yendlela yethu yokuphila, ukudla, kanye nezifo ezithile.
- Ukudla Nokuphuza: Inyama ebomvu, amasoseji, ubhekeni, nokudla okunamafutha (irayisi elithosiwe, ama-kebab, ama-paratha) kunamafutha amaningi agcwele. Ukudla lokhu kuvame ukukhulisa i-cholesterol.
- Indlela Yokuphila:Izinto ezinjengokubhema, ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile, ukucindezeleka, kanye nokungazivocavoci kunomthelela omkhulu ekwandeni kwe-cholesterol.
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha: Izimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, izinkinga zesibindi noma zezinso, i-hypothyroidism, kanye ne-sleep apnea nazo zingabangela i-cholesterol ephezulu.
Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa ukunciphisa izinga lala mafutha "amabi" egazini. Lokhu kunganciphisa ingozi yezehlakalo ezinkulu njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nohlangothi.
Isebenza kanjani isidakamizwa iLeqvio?
Ama-statin ayimithi eyinhloko ye-cholesterol. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu abatholi amazinga abo e-cholesterol ephansi ngendlela abangathanda ngayo naphezu kokuthatha le mithi nokulandela ukudla okunempilo. Abantu abanesimo sofuzo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-primary hyperlipidemia" bangadinga imithi engaphezu kweyodwa.
I-Leqvio umuthi omusha osize laba bantu. Isithako esisebenzayo kuyo yi-Inclisiran. Ingowesigaba semithi ebizwa ngokuthi i-'small interferensing RNA (siRNA)'.
Kalula nje, lo muthi wandisa ikhono lesibindi lokumunca "i-cholesterol embi" (LDL) egazini. Ngokuqondile, kusiza isibindi ukuthi siqaphele izinhlayiya ze-LDL. Ngemva kokuba isibindi simunca lezi zinhlayiya ze-LDL, siyazisebenzisa noma sizisuse emzimbeni. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu izinga le-LDL egazini.
Lena indlela ehluke ngokuphelele kunendlela imithi ye-statin esebenza ngayo.
Ingabe ukhona umuntu one-cholesterol angayisebenzisa i-Leqvio?
Cha. Lona umuthi awufanele wonke umuntu. I-Leqvio ivunyelwe abantu asebevele bedla ukudla okunempilo futhi abathatha umthamo omkhulu we-statin, kodwa abasenamazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol .
Lo muthi unganconywa, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanesimo sofuzo esibizwa ngokuthi `Heterozygous Familyal Hypercholesterolemia (HeFH).` Uma une-cholesterol ephezulu futhi amazinga akho engehli naphezu kokuthatha ama-statin nokulandela ukudla okunempilo, udokotela wakho angakhuluma nawe ngeLeqvio. Udokotela wakho kuphela onganquma ukuthi lokhu kulungile yini kuwe.
Ngingawuthola kanjani lo muthi wokugoma?
I-Leqvio akuyona iphilisi, iwumjovo . Ingumjovo ongaphansi kwesikhumba. Awukwazi ukuwunikeza ekhaya. Unikezwa uchwepheshe wezempilo (udokotela noma umhlengikazi) esibhedlela noma emtholampilo.
Uhlelo lokugoma lumi kanje:
1. Ukugonywa kokuqala: Uzonikezwa ukugonywa okukodwa kuqala.
2. Ukugoma kwesibili:Umuthi wokugomela wesibili unikezwa ezinyangeni ezi-3 ngemva kowokuqala.
3. Ngemva kwalokho: Ngemva kwalokho, udinga ukuthola umjovo owodwa njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha .
Lo mjovo ungafakwa ethangeni, esiswini, noma ngemuva kwengalo engenhla. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola umjovo wakho ngesikhathi futhi ungaphuthelwa yinoma yimaphi ama-aphoyintimenti.
Yini oyaziyo ngempumelelo kaLeqvio?
Kwenziwe izifundo ezintathu eziyinhloko ukuze kubonwe ukuthi iLeqvio isebenza kahle futhi iphephile kangakanani. Lezi zifundo zenziwe esikhathini esiyizinyanga ezingu-18.
- Izifundo ezimbili: Abahlanganyeli bahlanganise abantu abanesifo senhliziyo abangakwazi ukwehlisa amazinga abo e-cholesterol naphezu kokusebenzisa ama-statin.
- Kolunye ucwaningo, abahlanganyeli kwakungabantu abanesimo se-cholesterol esibizwa ngokuthi i-`HeFH`.
Kulezi zifundo, iqembu elilodwa lanikezwa umuthi wokugomela iLeqvio kanti elinye iqembu lanikwa umuthi wokugomela i-placebo ongazange ube nomthelela. Imiphumela yayicacile kakhulu.
| Ithimba | Ushintsho emazingeni e-cholesterol "amabi" (LDL) ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-18 |
|---|---|
| Labo abathole uLeqvio | Ngokwesilinganiso, sehle ngo- 40% - 51% . |
| Labo abathole i-placebo (umuthi mbumbulu) | Ukwanda okumaphakathi kungu- 1% - 8% . |
Le miphumela ikhombisa ukuthi iLeqvio umuthi onganciphisa kakhulu amazinga e-cholesterol e-LDL angalawulwa ngama-statin. Amazinga e-cholesterol avame ukuqala ukwehla phakathi nezinyanga ezintathu zokuqala.
Ingabe lo muthi uyanciphisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi?
Lona umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Imithi ye-statin iboniswe ukuthi yehlisa i-cholesterol ye-LDL futhi yehlisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi. Kodwa i-Leqvio iyisidakamizwa esisebenza ngendlela ehlukile.
Izifundo zamanje zibonisa ukuthi iLeqvio inganciphisa kakhulu i-cholesterol ye-LDL. Kodwa-ke, lezi zifundo zenziwe isikhathi esifushane, cishe izinyanga ezingu-18. Ngakho-ke, leso sikhathi asanele ukubona ukuthi umuthi uyayinciphisa yini ngempela ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi.
Kodwa-ke, ukwehla okukhulu kangaka kwe-cholesterol ye-LDL kusikisela ukuthi le ngozi ingase inciphe esikhathini esizayo. Kuqhutshwa izifundo ezengeziwe zesikhathi eside ukuqinisekisa lokhu.
Imiphumela emibi nokuthi ungayiphatha kanjani?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, iLeqvio ingabangela imiphumela emibi emincane. Okuvame kakhulu ukusabela endaweni yomjovo .
- Ukubomvu endaweni yokujova
- Ukuluma
- Ubuhlungu
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, uchwepheshe wezempilo onikeza umuthi wokugoma ngeke awunikeze umuthi wokugoma endaweni eshiswe yilanga, enokuqhuma, noma ethelelekile. Uma uke wajova ngaphambilini futhi waba nobuhlungu obukhulu, tshela udokotela noma umhlengikazi. Bangakhetha indawo ehlukile.
Ngaphandle kwalokhu, kungase kube neminye imiphumela emibi. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Okwamanje akukho ukuxhumana okubikiwe phakathi kweLeqvio neminye imithi. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi, amavithamini, kanye nemikhiqizo yamakhambi oyithathayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Leqvio iwumuthi omusha wokulawula i-cholesterol.
- Lokhu kunconywa kubantu abanamazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol abangakwazi ukulawulwa ngemithi yama-statin kanye nokudla.
- Lona umuthi wokugoma onikezwa uchwepheshe wezempilo njalo ezinyangeni eziyisi-6 (ngemuva kokuthatha imithamo emibili yokuqala).
- Izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi lokhu kusebenza kahle kakhulu ekunciphiseni amazinga e-cholesterol "amabi" e-LDL.
- Udokotela wakho kuphela onganquma ukuthi lo muthi ukulungele yini, ngakho khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.
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