🪨 Ake sifunde ngamatshe enyongo

Amatshe enyongo aqinile, aqinile enyongo akhiwa enyongweni noma emigudwini yenyongo. Kalula nje, amatshe enyongo. Inyongo iyisitho esincane esifana nesikhwama esigcina inyongo. Inyongo ikhiqizwa yisibindi. Ama-nyongo athwala lenyongo aye enyongweni nakwezinye izitho zomzimba.

Odokotela ngezinye izikhathi babiza lesi simo ngokuthi “i-Cholelithiasis.” Igama elithi “Chole” libhekisela enyongweni, kanti elithi “Lithiasis” libhekisela ekwakhekeni kwamatshe. Igama elithi “Cholelithiasis” libhekisela ekwakhekeni kwamatshe enyongweni. La matshe akheka lapho izinto ezihlukahlukene enyongweni ziqoqana futhi ziqine. Ngokuvamile, akheka ngale ndlela ngenxa yokungalingani kwenye yezingxenye eziyinhloko zenyongo.

🤔 Ingabe amatshe enyongo ayingozi kangako?

Amatshe enyongo awayona inkinga ngaso sonke isikhathi. Abantu abaningi banamatshe enyongo, kodwa abazi nokuthi kwenzekani. Kodwa uma la matshe eba makhulu futhi ebhajwa ndawana thize emigudwini yenyongo, angaba yingozi. Angabangela ukuvaleka kwemigudwini yenyongo, okubangela ubuhlungu nezinye izinkinga ezinkulu.

Inkinga ukuthi la matshe aya ngokuya ekhula. Njengoba inyongo igeleza njalo phezu kwamatshe, izinto eziningi ziyagcwala, futhi lokho okwakufana nohlamvu lwesihlabathi kuya ngokuya kukhulu, futhi kungaba kukhulu ngokwanele ukuvimba umsele wenyongo.

🤷‍♀️ Avame kangakanani amatshe enyongo? (Avame kangakanani amatshe enyongo?)

Okungenani u-10% wabantu abadala banamatshe enyongo. Futhi cishe u-75% walaba bantu ngabesifazane. Kodwa cishe u-20% kuphela walaba bantu abake babonise izimpawu noma badinga ukwelashwa.

🤒 Ziyini izimpawu zamatshe enyongo? (Ziyini izimpawu zamatshe enyongo?)

Amatshe enyongo ngokuvamile awabangeli izimpawu, ngaphandle kokuthi itshe libhajwe ndawana thize bese libangela ukuvaleka. Yilapho izimpawu zivela khona. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ubuhlungu besisu esingenhla kanye nesicanucanu . Lokhu kungase kuvele kudlule, noma kungase kube njalo. Uma ukuvaleka kukhulu noma sekukhona isikhathi eside, ungase ubhekane nezinye izimpawu:

• Ukujuluka
• Imfiva
• Ukwanda kwesilinganiso senhliziyo (Isilinganiso Senhliziyo Esisheshayo)
• Ukuvuvukala Kwesisu Nokuthamba
• Umbala Ophuzi Esikhumbeni Nasemehlweni
• Umchamo onombala omnyama kanye nendle enombala okhanyayo

😣 Bunjani ubuhlungu be-gallstone? (Bunjani ubuhlungu be-gallstone?)

Ubuhlungu benyongo bubuhlungu obungazelelwe, obukhulu. Bungakwenza uzizwe ugula futhi unesicanucanu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlaselwa yinyongo noma ukuhlaselwa yinyongo. Ungase uzizwe lobu buhlungu kakhulu ngemva kokudla. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inyongo iyafinyela ngaleso sikhathi, ikhulise ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwenyongo kanye nohlelo lwenyongo. Ngezinye izikhathi lobu buhlungu bungakuvusa ebusuku ngenkathi ulele.

Ubuhlungu obukhula kancane kancane bese buncipha ngemva kokufika esicongweni bubizwa ngokuthi i-Biliary Colic . Buya ngokuqhubekayo futhi buphele. Bungahlala kusukela emizuzwini embalwa kuya emahoreni. Buphela lapho itshe linyakaza, ingcindezi iyancipha, noma inyongo iqala ukugeleza futhi. Abantu bachaza lobu buhlungu njengobukhali, obungabekezeleleki, obuhlabayo, noma obucindezelayo. Ungase ungakwazi ukuhlala uthule.

📍 Buphi ubuhlungu obubangelwa amatshe enyongo? (Buphi ubuhlungu benyongo?)

Uhlelo lwakho lwenyongo kanye nenyongo lutholakala ohlangothini oluphezulu kwesokudla lwesisu sakho, ngaphansi nje kwembambo yakho yesokudla. Abantu abaningi bazizwa ubuhlungu obuvela ematsheni enyongo lapho. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ubuhlungu bungasakazekela kwezinye izindawo. Abanye abantu bangase babuzwe engalweni yabo yesokudla noma ehlombe. Noma bangase babuzwe emhlane wabo, phakathi kwamahlombe abo.

Abanye abantu bazwa lobu buhlungu phakathi kwesisu noma esifubeni sabo. Lokhu kuyinkinga encane, ngoba kungafana nobuhlungu bezinye izifo. Abanye abantu bangase bacabange ukuthi ukushaya kwenhliziyo noma ukungagayi kahle ukudla . Abanye bangase bacabange ukuthi bahlaselwa yinhliziyo. Kodwa kuyisimo esiphuthumayo esihlukile.

👩 Ingabe izimpawu ze-gallstone zihlukile kowesifazane?

Izimpawu zamatshe enyongo ziyafana kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Kodwa-ke, abesifazane bavame ukuzwa ubuhlungu kwezinye izindawo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi bangase babuzwe ezingalweni zabo, emahlombe, esifubeni, noma emhlane.

Abesifazane nabo banamathuba amaningi okuba nobuhlungu obungapheli. Ngakho-ke bangase bangazinaki izinhlungu ezifikayo nezidlulayo. I-biliary colic nayo iyafika futhi idlule, ngakho ingase inganakwa. Kodwa-ke, uma unobuhlungu obukhulu, obuqhubekayo, noma ngabe bufika futhi budlule, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela. Uma wake waba nokuhlaselwa yi-gallstone kanye, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi uphinde ube nakho.

❓ Yini ebangela ubuhlungu be-gallstone?

Ubuhlungu benyongo bubangelwa ukuthi itshe lenyongo libhajwe endaweni ethile endleleni yakho yenyongo, livimbele ukugeleza kwenyongo. Uma kuyisivimbe esikhulu, uzosizwa ngokushesha. Uma kuyisisivimbe esincane, ungase ungasiboni kuze kube yilapho isivimbe sakho senyongo siqina. Ukudla kungabangela ukuthi isivimbe senyongo siqinane.

Uma udla ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, inyongo yakho iyancipha kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amathumbu akho amancane azwa inani lamafutha ekudleni kwakho futhi atshela inyongo ukuthi idinga inyongo engakanani ukuze iyigaye. Inyongo iphendula ngokukhulula inani elidingekayo lenyongo emigudwini yenyongo.

⚠️ Yiziphi izimpawu ezibalulekile zokuxwayisa ngamatshe enyongo?

I-Biliary Colic iwukuphela kwesibonakaliso sesixwayiso sokuthi unamatshe enyongo. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho itshe lenyongo libhajwa enyongweni isikhashana, bese liphinde lihambe, livumela inyongo ukuthi igeleze. Ngisho noma ubuhlungu sebuphelile, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi lesi isibonakaliso sesixwayiso.

Uma itshe lenyongo selingene endaweni ethile ohlelweni lwakho lwenyongo, kungenzeka ukuthi liphinde lenzeke. Noma itshe elifanayo elalingene ngaphambilini lingabuya endaweni efanayo futhi libe likhulu. Noma kungenzeka ukuthi kwakheke amatshe amaningi. Ngolunye usuku, leli tshe lingangena endaweni eyodwa bese lihlala lapho. Uma lokho kwenzeka, kuyingozi.

😔 Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngokuba namatshe enyongo?

Uma itshe lenyongo livimba ukugeleza kwenyongo ohlelweni lwakho lwenyongo, lingabangela izinkinga kunoma yiziphi noma kuzo zonke izitho ezikulolo hlelo. Inyongo engakwazi ukugeleza ingabuyela emuva emigudwini yenyongo nasezithweni, okubangela ukuvuvukala. Kungaholela nasekuthelelekeni ngamagciwane . Uma lezi zimo ziba zimbi kakhulu, zingaba yingozi empilweni.

Imibuzo engaba khona:

• I-Cholecystitis ( Ukuvuvukala Kwenyongo)
• I-Pancreatitis (Ukuvuvukala Kwe-Pancreas)
• I-Cholangitis (Ukuvuvukala Kwemibhobho Yenyongo)
• I-Hepatitis (Ukuvuvukala Kwesibindi)
• I-Jaundice (i-Bile egazini lakho)
• I-Septicemia (ubuthi egazini - Ukutheleleka egazini lakho)

😩 Ingabe amatshe enyongo angakwenza ukhathale futhi ube nesiyezi? (Ingabe amatshe enyongo angakwenza ukhathale futhi ube nesiyezi?)

Isiyezi nokukhathala kuyizimpawu zomfutho wegazi ophansi. Lezi akuzona izimpawu zamatshe enyongo ngokuvamile. Kodwa-ke, umfutho wegazi ophansi kungaba umphumela wezinkinga ezibangelwa amatshe enyongo. Uma uhlelo lwakho lwenyongo luvuvukala kakhulu noma lutheleleka, lungabangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kwande futhi umfutho wegazi wakho wehle.

❓ Akhiwa kanjani amatshe enyongo? (Yini ebangela amatshe enyongo?)

Amatshe enyongo akheka uma kunezingxenye eziningi kakhulu zenyongo. Lokhu kunqwabelana kunqwabelana enyongweni noma emigudwini yenyongo, lapho iqina khona kancane kancane ibe ngamatshe. Amatshe e-cholesterol yiwona avame kakhulu. Olunye uhlobo ngamatshe e-pigment (bilirubin) .

Kunezinto eziningana ezingadala lokhu:

• I-cholesterol eningi kakhulu: Isibindi sakho sithatha i-cholesterol egazini lakho ukuze senze i-bile. Uma une-cholesterol eningi kakhulu egazini lakho, ukwakheka kwe-bile yakho kuyashintsha. Ukuze konke okuse-bileni yakho kuhlale ndawonye, ​​kudingeka kube nesilinganiso esifanele samafutha nama-asidi. Noma yini eningi kakhulu iyakhishwa.
• I-bilirubin eningi: I-Bilirubin iyinto ekhiqizwa lapho amangqamuzana abomvu amadala ephuka. Uma unesifo segazi esibangela ukubhujiswa okukhulu kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi, noma uma isibindi sakho singasebenzi kahle, ungase ube ne-bilirubin eningi emzimbeni wakho.
• Ama-bile acid anele: Ezinye izifo zingabangela ukumuncwa kwe-bile acid. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi ama-bile acid akhishwe endle yakho. Uma umzimba wakho ukhipha ama-bile acid amaningi kakhulu, isibindi sakho asinawo ama-bile acid anele okwenza i-bile. Uma ama-bile acid engekho, inani lamafutha (ama-lipid/cholesterol) e-bile yakho liyakhula.
• I-Cholestasis noma i-Gallbladder Stasis: “I-Stasis” isho ukungasebenzi kahle. Uma imigudu yakho ye-bile noma i-gallbladder ingasebenzi kahle futhi ithumela i-bile ohlelweni lwe-biliary, okuqukethwe yi-bile yakho cishe kuzohlangana futhi kuqine. Lokhu kungaba inkinga nge-gallbladder uqobo noma inkinga ngezimpawu zamakhemikhali ezitshela ukuthi inyakaze.

🤔 Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ingozi yokuba namatshe enyongo?

• Izifo ezahlukahlukene zingathinta ukuhamba kwenyongo yakho, noma amazinga akho e-cholesterol, i-bilirubin, kanye ne-bile acid. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu okudingeka abe nalezi zifo ukuze athole amatshe enyongo.
• Ubudala: Amatshe enyongo athatha isikhathi ukwakheka. Athatha isikhathi nokukhula. Amadoda anamathuba amaningi okukhula la matshe ngemva kweminyaka engama-60. Abesifazane bavame ukuba namathuba amaningi okukhula phakathi kweminyaka engama-20 no-50, okuyilapho sebekwazi khona ukuba nabantwana.

Izici zengozi:

• Ama-hormone: Abesifazane banamathuba aphindwe kathathu okuthola amatshe enyongo kunabesilisa. Ingozi yabo iyanda futhi iyancipha kuye ngamazinga abo ama-hormone i-estrogen ne -progesterone . I-estrogen inyusa amazinga e-cholesterol. I-progesterone inciphisa ukukhishwa kwenyongo.
• Isisindo: Amafutha omzimba andisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-estrogen, okwandisa amazinga e-cholesterol. Kodwa-ke, ukwehla kwesisindo ngokuzumayo (isibonelo, ngemva kokuhlinzwa kokunciphisa isisindo) nakho kungasiza ekwakhekeni kwamatshe enyongo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lapho amafutha elahleka ngokuzumayo, inani elikhulu le-cholesterol liyangezwa enyongweni.
• Izakhi zofuzo: Uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba namatshe enyongo, nawe unamathuba amaningi okuwathola. Abantu bomdabu baseMelika nabaseMexico bangase babe namazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol enyongweni yabo ngenxa yezakhi zofuzo zabo.

🩺 Ukuxilongwa Nokuhlolwa

• Atholakala kanjani amatshe enyongo?
• Uma unezimpawu zamatshe enyongo, udokotela wakho uzokuxilonga. Bazokwenza nokuhlolwa kwegazi. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungahlola ukuvuvukala, ukutheleleka, noma i-jaundice. Bangabona nokuthi yiziphi izitho zomzimba ezithintekile. Bazokwenza ukuhlolwa kwezithombe ukuthola ukuthi kukuphi lapho kuvimbeke khona inyongo yakho.
• Yiziphi izivivinyo ezingabona amatshe enyongo?
• Udokotela uzokwenza i-ultrasound yesisu kuqala. Lokhu ukuhlolwa okusheshayo nokulula. Akukho ukulungiselela okukhethekile okudingekayo. Kungabona amatshe ngaphakathi naseduze kwenyongo. Kodwa-ke, uma itshe linamathele kwenye indawo, kuzodingeka olunye ukuhlolwa ukuze litholakale.
• Ezinye izivivinyo ezingaba khona:
• I-MRCP (i-Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography): Lokhu ukuskena okusebenzisa omaginethi.
• I-HIDA Scan (i-Hepatobiliary Iminodiacetic Acid Scan): Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka inani elincane loketshezi olunemisebe (i-tracer) emzimbeni wakho bese ubheka ukuthi luhamba kanjani emzimbeni wakho.
• I-Endoscopic Ultrasound: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ithubhu elincane (i-endoscope) elinekhamera emlonyeni wakho ukuze libuke ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho.
• I-ERCP (i-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography): Lokhu kusebenzisa ne-endoscope. Kodwa-ke, kungasusa namatshe.

💊 Ukuphathwa Nokwelashwa

Iyini indlela yokwelapha amatshe enyongo?

• Uma amatshe akho enyongo engakubangeli izinkinga, awudingi ukwelashwa ngawo. Kodwa-ke, uma amatshe akho enyongo evimba imigudu yakho yenyongo, udokotela wakho uzozama ukususa amatshe. Lokhu kusho ukususa hhayi itshe elibambekile kuphela, kodwa nanoma yimaphi amanye amatshe. Ngoba uma usuvimbekile, kungenzeka ukuthi kuzophinde kwenzeke futhi.
• Ngokuvamile, lokhu kwenziwa ngokuhlinzwa. Lena yindlela kuphela yokuvimbela ukwakheka kwamatshe futhi. Kodwa-ke, uma ungakwazi ukuhlinzwa, noma uma ungafuni, kunezinye izinto ongazenza. Izinto ezifana nokuthatha imithi noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Gallstone

• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Cholecystectomy kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela amatshe enyongo ukuthi angaphinde akheke. Lokhu ukuhlinzwa okuvamile okwenziwa emhlabeni wonke. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa nge-laparoscopically , okusho ukuthi ikhamera ifakwa ngokusikwa okuncane esiswini. Ungaphila ngaphandle kwenyongo ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Ukusuka lapha, inyongo igeleza ngqo isuka esibindini iye emathunjini amancane.
• Ngezinye izikhathi, abantu abadinga ukwelashwa ngamatshe enyongo bangase bangakwazi ukususwa kwenyongo yabo ngenxa yesimo sabo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kungenziwa i-cholecystostomy . Lena inqubo encane. Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka i-catheter enyongweni bese kususwa inyongo kuyo. Lokhu kungasusa nanoma yimaphi amatshe akhona ngaphakathi kwenyongo okwamanje.

Ukwelashwa Kwama-Gallstones Ezokwelapha

• Odokotela bavame ukunganiki imithi yamatshe enyongo ngoba ayisebenzi kahle. Imithi efana ne -Ursodiol ne -Chenodiol isebenza kuphela kumatshe amancane e-cholesterol. Kodwa kuthatha izinyanga noma iminyaka ukuthi lawo matshe ancibilike. Ngokuvamile, amatshe azophinde akheke.
• Ngakho-ke lesi akusona isisombululo esisebenzayo kubantu abaningi. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi le mithi inganikezwa okwesikhashana noma ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwamatshe. Uma ungakwazi ukuhlinzwa kwamatshe, udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi yini engcono kakhulu kuwe.

🚫 Ngingakuvimbela kanjani ukwakheka kwamatshe enyongo?

• Akunakwenzeka ukuvimbela ngokuphelele amatshe enyongo. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho. Isibonelo, unganciphisa inani le-cholesterol ekudleni kwakho ukuze unciphise ingozi yokuthola amatshe enyongo, okuyizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, lokhu ngeke kuvimbele ukwakheka kwezinye izinhlobo zamatshe, njengamatshe e-pigment.
• Uma ukhuluphele noma ukhuluphele, ukwehlisa isisindo kancane kungasiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yamatshe e-cholesterol. Kodwa-ke, ukwehla kwesisindo ngokuzumayo nakho kungabangela ukwakheka kwala matshe. Uma uke wenziwa ukuhlinzwa noma ulahlekelwa isisindo ngokushesha ngesizathu esithile, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze imithi yokusiza ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwamatshe.

🔮 Kwenzekani ngemva kokwelashwa? (Iyini iphrogramu yami ngemva kokwelashwa ngamatshe enyongo?)

• Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, abantu abaningi abasadingi ukwelashwa ngamatshe enyongo futhi. Izinkinga azivamile ukuvela. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase babe nesifo sohudo esingamahlalakhona. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inyongo manje isibuyela emathunjini. Lokhu kungelashwa ngemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-bile acid binders .

🤷‍♀️ Ukuphila namatshe enyongo

Ingabe amatshe enyongo ayaziphelela wona?

• Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, amatshe enyongo ngeke aphele ngokwawo. Ngezinye izikhathi, la matshe angaphuma kanye nendle yakho. Kodwa akuwona wonke amatshe adlula ngaleyo ndlela. Ngisho noma udokotela wakho ekhipha itshe emgudwini wakho wenyongo, kungase kusele amanye amatshe ngaphakathi. Amasha nawo angavela. Ukuze uvimbele amatshe ukuthi angaphinde akheke, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlinzwe ngokususwa kwenyongo.

Ukhipha kanjani amatshe enyongo endle yakho?

• Uma itshe lenyongo liphuma emgudwini wakho wenyongo ovamile bese lingena emathunjini akho ngaphandle kokubhajwa ndawo, lingaphuma kanye nendle yakho. Ukuze lokho kwenzeke, itshe kufanele libe lincane kune-5 millimeters. Lokhu kuyindaba yenhlanhla. Akuwona wonke amatshe aphuma kanjalo. Futhi akukho ongakwenza ukuze uwakhiphe.
• Awukwazi ukufaka amatshe akho enyongo emgudwini wenyongo ovamile. Futhi awukwazi ukulindela ukuthi adlule ngokuphepha esuka lapho aye emathunjini. Angabhajwa emgudwini bese ekhula. Ngokuvamile, ukuba namatshe emgudwini wakho wenyongo ovamile akuyona into enhle.

Kuzwakala kanjani ukudlula itshe lenyongo?

• Awukwazi ukuzwa itshe lenyongo liphuma enyongweni yakho. Ngoba awukwazi ukuzwa itshe elincane ngokwanele ukuba liphume enyongweni evamile njengoba lidlula emathunjini akho. Kodwa-ke, ungase uzwe ubuhlungu isikhashana njengoba itshe lidlula enyongweni evamile.

Abukeka kanjani amatshe enyongo endlini yangasese?

• Itshe elincane ngokwanele ukuthi lidlule emgudwini wenyongo ovamile, ungase ungakwazi ukulithola ngisho noma ulibheka. Kodwa uma ubona itshe endlini yangasese, lizobukeka njengetshe elincane. Lingase lingabi yindilinga ngesimo, kodwa lizoba nemiphetho ethile. Amatshe amaningi aphuzi. Kodwa amanye amatshe ansundu.

Ingabe amatshe enyongo angadlula emchameni wakho?

• Amatshe enyongo awakwazi ukudluliselwa emchameni wakho. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amatshe enyongo awakwazi ukungena emchameni wakho. Amatshe emchameni wakho womchamo abizwa ngokuthi amatshe ezinso. Amatshe enyongo namatshe ezinso ayafana. Kodwa ahamba ngezinhlelo ezahlukene. Ukuchama okubuhlungu kuwuphawu lwamatshe ezinso, hhayi amatshe enyongo.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela mayelana namatshe enyongo?

• Uma uzizwa ubuhlungu obuhlabayo ohlangothini olungaphezulu kwesokudla lwesisu noma ihlombe lakho, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokudla, kungenzeka ukuthi uhlaselwa yinyongo. Bona udokotela ngokushesha. Ungacabangi ukuthi lokhu kuzophela ngokwako, ngoba kungase kungenzeki. Udokotela angakusiza ukuqeda ubuhlungu bakho futhi athole ukuthi yini ebangela lokho.
• Uma ucabanga ukuthi wake waba ne-biliary colic esikhathini esidlule, noma ngabe isiphelile manje, bona udokotela. Bazohlola uhlelo lwakho lwe-biliary ukuthola amatshe enyongo. Uma ekhona, bazowelapha ngaphambi kokuba aphinde abangele izinkinga. Uma engelashwa, la matshe angaqhubeka nokwakheka futhi akhule abe makhulu.