Sonke sike sabhekana nokuphazamiseka kwesisu kanye nesifo sohudo ngemva kokudla ngaphandle. Kodwa okunye ukusha kwesisu akulula kangako ukwelapha. Namuhla sikhuluma ngohlobo lokusha kwesisu okungaba yingozi kakhulu, futhi kuze kube yingozi kulabo okudingeka baqaphele kakhulu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Listeriosis.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Listeriosis?
I-Listeriosis yisifo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa yibhaktheriya i-Listeria monocytogenes . Luhlobo loshevu wokudla. Abantu abaningi balubiza nangokuthi "i-listeria" ngamafuphi.
Iningi labantu abaphilile bathola lokhu kutheleleka ngezimpawu ezincane, njengomkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu, isifo sohudo, noma ukuhlanza. Kodwa uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka noma ungaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 , usengozini enkulu yokuthola izinkinga ezisongela ukuphila.
Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela ukuthi uma ungumama okhulelwe , lokhu kutheleleka kungadluliselwa enganeni yakho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma sokubeletha. Lokhu kungaholela ekuphuphumeni kwezisu, ukuzalwa kwengane ifile, kanye nezinkinga ezinkulu zempilo yengane impilo yayo yonke.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo?
I-Listeriosis ingabangela izimpawu ezahlukene kubantu abahlukene. Ungase ungabi nazo zonke lezi zimpawu. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini lezi zimpawu.
| Izimpawu ze-Listeriosis | |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu ezivame ukuvela kuqala | |
| Imfiva | Umkhuhlane ofana ne-fever blister |
| Ukuzizwa ubanda futhi uthuthumela | Ukuthuthumela komzimba |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu | Ikhanda elibuhlungu |
| Ukuqunjelwa (uhudo) | Indle enamanzi ephuma esithweni sangasese sowesifazane |
| Isicanucanu nokuhlanza | Isicanucanu nokuhlanza |
| Ubuhlungu bemisipha namalunga | Ukuzizwa sengathi umzimba wakho uyabuhlungu |
| Ukuzizwa ukhathele | Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu ukwenza noma yini |
| Uma ukutheleleka kusakazeka futhi isimo siba sibi kakhulu (i-Invasive Listeriosis) | |
| Ukudideka | Ukulahlekelwa ingqondo ngokuzumayo, ukungakwazi ukuqonda okwenzekayo |
| Ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi yomzimba | Ukuhamba njenge-walrus |
| Ukuqina kwentamo | Ukuqina kwentamo nobuhlungu okwenza kube nzima ukugoba |
| Ukuquleka | Isimo sokudlikizela okufana nokushaya ngamandla |
Sekuyisikhathi esingakanani izimpawu zikhona?
Lokhu futhi kuyinkinga ebalulekile. Izimpawu zingavela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya emavikini amabili ngemva kokudla ukudla okuqukethe amagciwane. Abanye abantu bangase bangabi nazo izimpawu kuze kube yinyanga. Uma owesifazane okhulelwe ethola lokhu kutheleleka, angase abe nezimpawu ezincane kakhulu noma angabi nazo nhlobo izimpawu.Yebo, kodwa kusenengozi yokudlulisela lesi sifo enganeni esibelethweni.
Leli gciwane le-Listeria lingena kanjani emizimbeni yethu?
Kalula nje, lesi sifo sibangelwa ukudla ukudla noma iziphuzo ezingcolisiwe eziqukethe leli gciwane. Leli gciwane lingaphila ngokwemvelo enhlabathini, emanzini, nasezindleleni zokugaya ukudla zezinye izilwane. Ngakho-ke, lingafakwa ezintweni ezifana nemifino nezithelo ezivela enhlabathini noma emqubeni. Lokhu kungangcoliswa futhi ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqizwa kokudla kwezilwane.
Esinye sezici eziyingqayizivele zaleli gciwane ukuthi lingakhula ngisho noma amazinga okushisa aphansi esiqandisini. Yingakho okunye ukudla okusesiqandisini nakho kuyingozi.
Yikuphi ukudla okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kuqukethe i-listeria?
Kufanele uqaphele kakhulu ngokudla okulandelayo.
- Inyama elungisiwe: Inyama efrijini futhi edliwa ngaphandle kokufudumala, njenge-hot dog, ama-cold cuts, kanye nenyama e-deli.
- Ama-paste enziwe ngenyama: Isibonelo, i-pâté kanye ne-meat spreads ezidliwa ngesinkwa.
- Inhlanzi ebhemayo: Inhlanzi, njenge-lox, ebhemayo emazingeni okushisa aphansi esikhundleni sokuphekwa.
- Ushizi othambile: Ushizi othambile owenziwe ngobisi olungaphekiwe, njengoBrie, uCamembert, kanye ne-queso fresco.
- Ubisi olungafakwanga i-pasteur kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi: Ukufakwa kwe-pasteurization kuyinqubo ebulala amagciwane. Ubisi olungafakwanga i-pasteur, ushizi, kanye ne-ayisikhilimu kuyizibonelo zokudla okungafakwanga i-pasteur.
- Iziphuzo zezithelo ezingafakwanga amakhemikhali: Iziphuzo ezifana ne-apple cider.
- Imifino nezithelo ezidliwa ziluhlaza ngaphandle kokugezwa: Ikakhulukazi izithelo ezinezingono ezifana nekhabe kanye ne-cantaloupe, kufanele ugeze kahle izingono ngaphambi kokuzisika. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amabhaktheriya angaba khona ezingono futhi angene ngaphakathi ngommese lapho usika.
- Amahlumela: Izinto ezidliwa ziluhlaza, njengezihlumela zobhontshisi oluhlaza.
- I-sushi eluhlaza yenziwe ngenhlanzi eluhlaza.
Lesi sifo asisabalali kusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye ngokuxhumana okungahleliwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi asithelelani.
Ubani osengozini enkulu kulokhu?
Abantu abasengozini enkulu yokugula kakhulu noma ukufa ngenxa ye-listeriosis bahlanganisa:
- Omama abakhulelwe: Amasosha abo omzimba ashintsha kancane ngokwemvelo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, okwenza babe sengozini enkulu yokutheleleka.
- Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala: Ngenxa yobuthakathaka besimiso somzimba sokuzivikela njengoba siguga.
- Abantu abanesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esibuthakathaka: Ngenxa yezimo zezokwelapha ezifana nesifo sikashukela, umdlavuza, isifo sezinso, noma labo abathatha imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba.
- Izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa: Ngoba amasosha omzimba azo awakakhuli ngokugcwele.
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-listeriosis?
Lokhu kutheleleka ngamagciwane, okuqala ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla, kungasakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ngegazi, okubangela izinkinga ezinkulu.
| Inkinga | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Meningitis noma i-Encephalitis | Ukutheleleka kwezicubu ezimboze ubuchopho nomgogodla noma ubuchopho uqobo. |
| I-Septicemia | Amabhaktheriya angena egazini asakazeke emzimbeni wonke. Abizwa nangokuthi "ubuthi egazini." |
| I-Sepsis | Ukulimala kwezitho zomzimba ngenxa yokusabela ngokweqile komzimba ekuthelelekeni. |
| Izinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa | Ukukhipha isisu, ukuzalwa kwengane isishonile, noma ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. |
| Ezinye izifo | Inhliziyo (endocarditis), amathambo (osteomyelitis), i-pneumonia, kanye nokutheleleka komgudu womchamo. |
| Ukufa | Uma ukutheleleka kusakazeka emzimbeni wonke, kungaholela ngisho nasekufeni uma kungelashwa. |
Ingane etheleleke nge-listeriosis ngesikhathi sokuzalwa noma umuntu otheleleke ngegciwane lakhe asakazekela ebuchosheni angaba nezinkinga zempilo zesikhathi eside , njengokulibaziseka kokukhula, ubumpumputhe, ukukhubazeka kanye nokuxhuzula.
Wazi kanjani ukuthi unesi sifo?
Uma izimpawu zakho ziwubuhlungu besisu nje, abantu abaningi ngeke bakuhlole. Kodwa uma udokotela wakho esola lokhu ngemva kokubuza ngezimpawu zakho nokuthi yini oyidlile muva nje, angakuqinisekisa ngokuhlolwa.
Ukuba khona kwaleli gciwane ngokuvamile kungatholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi noma, uma kudingeka, ngokuhlola uketshezi lomgogodla (CSF) oluzungeze ubuchopho nomgogodla. Uma kwenzeka kumama okhulelwe, lokhu kungaqinisekiswa ngokuhlola ingxenye ye-placenta ngemva kokubeletha.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Njengoba lokhu kuyigciwane elibangelwa amagciwane, kwelashwa ngama -antibiotic . Kubalulekile ukuthatha umuthi njengoba nje udokotela wakho emyalile isikhathi sonke. Akuyona into enhle ukuyeka ukuthatha umuthi ngokushesha nje lapho uzizwa ungcono. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela ukuthi ukutheleleka kubuye.
Uma uphilile, ungakhulelwe, futhi ungekho engcupheni yezinkinga ezinkulu, ungase ukwazi ukululama ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kodwa lokho kuncike kudokotela wakho.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Qiniseka ukuthi ufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- Uma ukhulelwe, uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 ubudala, noma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka futhi unezimpawu ze-listeriosis.
- Uma usanda kuthola ukuthi okuthile okudlile kuye kwabuyiselwa emuva ngenxa ye-listeria, ikakhulukazi uma ukhulelwe.
- Uma ingane yakho ikhombisa izimpawu ze-listeriosis.
- Uma izimpawu zingathuthuki ngisho nangemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala ama-antibiotic.
Uma isimo sibi kakhulu, okusho ukuthi kunezimpawu ezifana nokudideka, ukuxhuzula, kanye nokuqina kwentamo, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.
Yini okufanele siyenze ukuze sizivikele kulokhu?
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokugwema lokhu ukukhathazeka ngokuphepha kokudla.
- Gwema ubisi nemikhiqizo engaphekwanga. Uma uthenga noma yini esitolo, bheka ilebula bese ubona ukuthi ithi "iphekwanganga."
- Geza izandla, amabhodi okusika, imimese, kanye nezindawo zasekhishini kahle ngensipho ngaphambi nangemva kokulungisa ukudla.
- Geza imifino nezithelo ezingaphekiwe, ikakhulukazi izithelo ezinamakhasi afana nekhabe, ngebhulashi ngaphansi kwamanzi agobhozayo.
- Pheka ama-hot dog, amaqanda, kanye nokudla kwasolwandle kuze kube yilapho sekuphekiwe kahle. Izinga lokushisa langaphakathi kufanele okungenani libe ngu-74 degrees Celsius (165°F).
- Uma ukhulelwe, ungadli izinto ezifakwe esiqandisini njenge-pâté kanye ne-meat spreads. Uma udla inyama yasemini, yifudumale kahle ize ibheme.
- Hlanza inyama nenhlanzi okuchithekile esiqandisini ngokushesha. Gcina inyama eluhlaza eshalofini eliphansi kakhulu.
Khumbula, amabhaktheriya e-Listeria ayabhujiswa uma ukudla kufudunyezwa kahle (kuphekiwe).
Kumuntu ojwayelekile, ubuthi bokudla kungaba yisifo esincane esihlala usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili bese sinyamalala. Kodwa amabhaktheriya afana neListeria ngezinye izikhathi angabangela izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo. Uma useqenjini elisengozini, qaphela kakhulu ukuphepha kokudla futhi ukhulume nodokotela wakho uma unenkinga.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Listeriosis ukutheleleka ngamagciwane okusabalala ngokudla okungcolile.
- Abesifazane abakhulelwe, abantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65, labo abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka, kanye nezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa basengozini enkulu yokugula kakhulu ngenxa yalesi sifo.
- Umkhuhlane, izinhlungu zomzimba, isicanucanu, kanye nesifo sohudo kuyizimpawu ezivamile. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukuqina kwentamo, ukudideka, kanye nokuxhuzula kungase kwenzeke.
- Imikhiqizo yobisi engaphekwanga, ushizi othambile, inyama ecutshunguliwe, kanye nemifino nezithelo ezingagezwanga kahle kuyizinto eziyingozi.
- Lokhu kutheleleka kungavinjelwa ngokupheka ukudla kahle nangokulandela imikhuba yokuphepha kokudla.
- Uma ungoweqembu elisengozini futhi unezimpawu, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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