Wake wacabanga ukuthi ungasindisa impilo yomunye umuntu ngesitho esisodwa emzimbeni wakho? Futhi lokho ngaphandle kokuzilimaza isikhathi eside? Isibindi singesinye sezitho ezimangalisayo esinekhono eliyingqayizivele. Isibindi sinamandla amangalisayo okuzivuselela, okusho ukuthi ngisho nengxenye encane ingakhula ibuyele kubukhulu bayo obugcwele. Yingakho umuntu ophilile enganikela ngengxenye yesibindi sakhe kumuntu osibindi sakhe siyaphela. Into emangalisayo ukuthi ngemva kokunikela, kokubili isibindi sakho kanye nengxenye yesibindi etshaliwe ikhula ibe yizibilini ezimbili eziphelele neziphilile phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa.
Kuyini ukunikela ngesibindi somnikeli ophilayo?
Ukufakelwa kwezitho zomzimba kuvame ukwenziwa ngabantu asebeshonile. Kodwa isibindi siyisitho esikhethekile kakhulu. Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, isibindi yisona kuphela isitho esikwazi ukuzivuselela . Ngakho-ke, umuntu ophilile, ophilayo anganikela ngokuzithandela ngengxenye yesibindi sakhe kothile oswele.
Kalula nje, ukufakelwa kwesibindi esiphilayo ukuhlinzwa okubili okwenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa. Owodwa womuntu onikeza isibindi (umnikeli), kanye nowodwa womuntu othola isibindi (umamukeli). Uma unikela ngesibindi sakho, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa ingxenye yesibindi sakho (ngokuvamile i-lobe). Enganeni encane, siba sincane nakakhulu. Uma sesisusiwe, leyo ngxenye ifakwa emzimbeni womunye umuntu. Ngemva kokuba lokhu kuhlinzwa sekuphumelele, kokubili ingxenye esele yesibindi sakho kanye nengxenye yesibindi efakwe emzimbeni womunye umuntu kuyakhula kube usayizi ogcwele phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa.
Nginganikela ngengxenye yesibindi sami?
Yebo, uma wena nesibindi sakho nobabili niphilile, ungaba ngumnikeli wesibindi ophilayo futhi usindise impilo yomunye umuntu. Kodwa-ke, kungase kungabi njalo ukuthi unikele ngesibindi kumuntu omaziyo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uhlobo lwegazi lakho kanye nosayizi wesibindi kumele kufane nokwalowo muntu.
Kodwa ake sithi uhlobo lwakho lwegazi aluhambisani. Ngisho noma kunjalo, kunezindlela zokukusiza. Unganikela ngesibindi sakho kumuntu ongamazi. Lokho kuzonciphisa inani labantu abasohlwini lokulinda. Ngakho-ke, amathuba okuthola isibindi komunye umnikeli ofanelana nomuntu obucabanga ukumsiza ayanda.
Yiziphi izimfanelo eziyisisekelo ezidingekayo ukuze unikele ngesibindi?
Uma uzinikela ngokuzithandela ekunikeleni ngesibindi sakho, odokotela bazokufaka enkambisweni yokuhlolwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ulungele ngokuphelele inqubo nokuthi kuphephile ukuthi uyilandele. Kunezidingo ezithile eziyisisekelo zalokhu.
| Ukufaneleka | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ubudala | Kumelwe ube neminyaka ephakathi kuka-18 no-60 ubudala. Abantu abancane noma abadala kunalowo mkhakha ngeke bakhethelwe lokhu. |
| Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa/utshwala | Awukwazi ukuba umlutha wotshwala noma izidakamizwa, ngoba zithinta ngqo impilo yesibindi. |
| Impilo enhle yomzimba | Udinga ukuba nempilo enhle ngokomzimba. Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha zingenza lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa lube yingozi. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa kwegazi nokuhlolwa kwenhliziyo kwenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi uyakufanelekela yini ukuhlinzwa. |
| Isibindi esinempilo | Isibindi sakho sidinga ukuba nempilo enhle. Ngezinye izikhathi, isifo sesibindi singaba khona ngaphandle kwezimpawu. Ngakho-ke, kwenziwa izivivinyo ezikhethekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isibindi sakho sisesimweni esihle sokunikezwa. |
| Impilo yengqondo enhle | Kumelwe ube nempilo enhle yengqondo. Kumelwe uziqonde ngokugcwele izingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa kanye nokuzidela okuzodingeka ukwenze. Awukwazi ukuphoqeleka ukwenza lokhu. |
| Ukuntuleka kwezinzuzo zezimali | Akukho emthethweni ukwamukela imali noma ezinye izipho ngokushintshana nokunikela ngesitho somzimba. Ithimba lezokwelapha kudingeka liqiniseke ukuthi ukwenza lokhu ngokuzithandela okungu-100% futhi awulindele nzuzo. |
Isebenza kanjani inqubo yokuba ngumnikeli?
Ukuze uqale le nqubo, ungaxhumana nesibhedlela sokufakelwa izitho endaweni yakini. Umxhumanisi uzokhuluma nawe, athole ulwazi oluyisisekelo, futhi aphendule imibuzo yakho. Uma becabanga ukuthi ungumuntu ofanele, bazohlela usuku lokuthi uze esibhedlela ukuze uthole olunye ukuhlolwa.
Esibhedlela, kuzodingeka wenze izivivinyo zezokwelapha ezahlukahlukene futhi ubone ochwepheshe abahlukahlukene. Isibonelo:
- Udokotela wezinzwa
- Udokotela ogxile ezifweni zesibindi (Hepatologist)
- Isazi sezengqondo noma isazi sezengqondo
- Usonhlala kahle
- Udokotela ohlinzayo wezitshalo
Ngemva kokuba zonke lezi zivivinyo nezingxoxo seziqediwe, amaqembu amabili azimele azobuyekeza isicelo sakho. Ithimba lokuqala lizobheka ukuphepha kwakho . Uma bekuvuma, bazothumela isincomo ekomitini lokukhetha ukufakelwa kwesibindi. Lelo komiti lizothatha isinqumo sokugcina mayelana nokuthi ungumuntu ofanele yini ukufakelwa isibindi nokuthi ubani ozokwamukela isibindi sakho.
Ubani ozokwamukela ingxenye yesibindi enginikela ngayo?
Unganikela ngesibindi sakho kumuntu omaziyo, isibonelo, ilungu lomndeni noma umngane. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "Ukunikela Okuqondisiwe" . Kodwa ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, uhlobo lwegazi lakho kanye nosayizi wesibindi kufanele kufane.
Ake sithi awufani. Uma kunjalo, ungakhetha indlela ethi "Paired Exchange" . Lokho kusho ukuthi, wena, umuntu odinga isibindi sakho, nihlanganiswe nomunye umnikeli kanye nesiguli abangafani, bese kuthi abanikeli ababili bashintshaniswe. Lokho kusho ukuthi unikeza esinye isiguli isibindi sakho, kanti omunye umnikeli unikeza isiguli sakho isibindi sakho.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, unganikela ngesibindi sakho kumuntu ongamazi nhlobo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "Umnikelo Ongaqondiswanga." Uma usuvunyelwe njengomnikeli, isibhedlela sizokhetha umnikeli ofanele ohlwini lokulinda. Ungakwenza lokhu ngaphandle kokudalula ubuwena bakho. Noma, uma nobabili nivuma, kukhona inketho yokuhlangana ngosuku olulandelayo.
Uzilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Uma wena kanye nomuntu ozothola isibindi sakho senikhethiwe, ithimba lokufakelwa isibindi lizokhuluma nani nobabili futhi libeke usuku olufanayo lokuhlinzwa kokubili. Uma usuku selubekiwe, ungazilungiselela njengoba kudingeka.
- Kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela cishe isonto lonke ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, kuzodingeka uphumule cishe amasonto ayisithupha .
- Ngakho-ke udinga ukuhlela kusenesikhathi, njengokuthatha ikhefu emsebenzini nokuthola umuntu ozonakekela izingane zakho.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzodingeka futhi wenze lezi zinto:
- Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho mayelana nokudla, iziphuzo, kanye nemithi ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukuze uhlole isimo sesibindi ngokwengeziwe, yenza izivivinyo ezifana ne-'CT scan' noma i-'MRI'.
- Sayina amadokhumenti aqinisekisa ukuzimisela kwakho ukuba ngumnikeli wesibindi ophilayo.
Okwamanje, ithimba lokuhlinzwa lithatha izithombe zesibindi sakho ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu (3D) bese lihlela ngokucophelela ukuthi iyiphi ingxenye okufanele isuswe nokuthi ingenziwa kanjani kangcono ukuhlinzwa.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Wena nomuntu othola isibindi (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi niyazana noma cha) nizohlinzwa ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ngenkathi iqembu elilodwa lokuhlinzwa lisusa ingxenye yesibindi sakho, elinye iqembu lizosusa isibindi somunye umuntu esingasebenzi kahle bese lilungiselela isibindi sakho ukufakelwa.
Ukuhlinzwa kwakho kuzothatha cishe amahora angu-4-6. Uzoba ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile kuyo yonke inqubo, ngakho ngeke uzizwe lutho noma uzizwe uphapheme.
Ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko:
1. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Laparoscopic: Lokhu kuhilela ukwenza izimbobo ezimbalwa ezincane kakhulu esiswini sakho nokwenza ukuhlinzwa ngosizo lwekhamera. Le ndlela inesikhathi esifushane sokululama futhi ayibuhlungu kakhulu.
2. Ukuhlinzwa kwesisu okuvulekile: Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngokwenza ukusika okude esiswini lapho i-laparoscopy ingenzeki.
Udokotela ususa ngokucophelela ingxenye yesibindi esitholakale ngaphambilini, ihlukaniswe nemithambo yegazi kanye nemisele ye-bile. Uma isisusiwe, ithimba lokufakelwa liyisa kwesinye isiguli bese liqala inqubo yokuyixhumanisa nemithambo yegazi kanye nemisele ye-bile. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, udokotela wakho uvala ukusikwa kwakho bese eqeda ukuhlinzwa.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zalolu hlobo lomnikelo?
Kukhona inani elikhulu labantu abalinde ukufakelwa isibindi. Abanye balaliswa esibhedlela ngenxa yokwehluleka kwesibindi okungazelelwe. Abanye bahlushwa yisifo sesibindi sesikhathi eside. Kubo bonke, isikhathi siyigugu.
Ngesikhathi belinde isibindi esivela kumnikeli oshonile, ezinye iziguli zingase zigule kakhulu ukuba zingahlinzwa. Ezinye zingase zife ngisho naphakathi naleso sikhathi. Uma kukhona umnikeli ophilayo, asikho isidingo sokulinda kulolo hlu lokulinda. Ukuhlinzwa kungahlelwa ngokushesha.
Izinzuzo:
- Kwesiguli: Akukho sikhathi esichithwayo ohlwini lokulinda, impumelelo eyengeziwe yokuhlinzwa ngenxa yesibindi esinempilo, nokuphila isikhathi eside.
- Kumnikeli (wena): Uthola ukwaneliseka kanye nenjabulo yengqondo ngokusindisa impilo yomunye umuntu. Abantu abaningi abenze umnikelo onjalo bathi bathole ukuzethemba okukhulu. Bathi futhi uma bekufanele baphinde benze isinqumo, bebezokwenza isinqumo esifanayo.
Yiziphi izingozi kanye nokungalungi kokuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezithile ezihilelekile. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela lokhu ngokucacile.
| Uhlobo lwengozi | Izinkinga ezingaba khona |
|---|---|
| Izingozi ezivamile zanoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa | Ukopha, amahlule egazi, izifo, umonakalo wezinzwa, ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu (i-pneumonia). |
| Izingozi eziqondene nokuhlinzwa kwesibindi | Ukunamathela esiswini, ukulimala kwemigudu yenyongo, kanye ne-hernia yokusikwa. |
| Izingozi ezingavamile kakhulu kodwa ezinkulu | Ukwehluleka kwesibindi noma ukufa. Ngokusho kwemibiko, kunobungozi bokufa komuntu oyedwa kwabanikelayo abangu-500 (0.2%). |
| Izinkinga zengqondo nezingokoqobo | Ukukhathazeka ngomphumela wokuhlinzwa, ubuhlungu ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ukungakwazi ukuya emsebenzini ngesikhathi sokululama, ukwesaba ukuthi isibindi esifakwe esitshalweni sizohluleka. |
Nginganikela kangaki ngesibindi sami?
Ukunikela ngesibindi esiphilayo kuyinto eyenzeka kanye empilweni. Nakuba isibindi sakho singaphinde sikhule, lokhu kuhlinzwa kuwumthwalo omkhulu esibindini. Ngemva kokufakelwa kanye, isibindi singaphola futhi sisebenze kahle kuwe. Kodwa-ke, ukwenza ukuhlinzwa okufanayo okwesibili kungase kunganeli esibindini, futhi kubeka impilo yakho engozini enkulu. Ngakho-ke, amaqembu okufakelwa awalokothi ancome umnikelo wesibili.
Isikhathi sokululama sinjani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, impilo yakho izobuyela esimweni sayo esijwayelekile kancane kancane.
- Isonto lokuqalaKuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela. Lena yingxenye enzima kakhulu yokululama kwakho. Uzonikezwa imithi yokwelapha izinhlungu kanye ne-saline, futhi uzonikezwa amapayipi okukusiza ukuthi uhambe futhi udle.
- Uzokwazi ukushayela futhi emavikini ama-2-3 .
- Ukusikeka kuphola kahle phakathi kwamasonto amabili kuya kwayisithupha .
- Ngemva kwamasonto ayi-6-8, ungabuyela emisebenzini evamile.
- Zingakapheli izinyanga ezingu-2-3, isibindi sakho sizobe sesikhule safinyelela kubukhulu baso obugcwele.
- Kuzodingeka uye kohlolwa udokotela wakho ohlinzayo unyaka wonke ozayo .
Ukunikela ngesibindi sakho kungenye yezinqumo ezinkulu nezibaluleke kakhulu oyoke uzenze. Ungenzi lesi sinqumo ngokushesha. Funda lonke ulwazi olutholayo ngokucophelela, cabanga ngayo yonke imizwa onayo enhliziyweni yakho. Thola ukuqonda okuphelele ngenqubo, izingozi, isikhathi sokululama, kanye nemiphumela engaba khona. Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imibuzo, noma yikuphi ukwesaba, ngaphandle kokungabaza. Khumbula, ithimba lezokwelapha lihlala lingakusohlangothini lwakho, ngenxa yokuphepha kwakho. Bazohlonipha noma yisiphi isinqumo osenzayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isibindi siyisitho esikhethekile esingakwazi ukuzivuselela, ngakho umuntu ophilile anganikela ngengxenye yesibindi sakhe esaphila.
- Ukuze unikele ngesibindi sakho, kumele ube phakathi kweminyaka eyi-18-60, ube nempilo enhle futhi ube nempilo enhle.
- Lena inqubo eyenzeka kanye empilweni. Isibindi sakho sizokhula sibe sikhulu ngokugcwele zingakapheli izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu kusukela ohlinzwe.
- Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezihilelekile, kodwa futhi kukhona ukwaneliseka okukhulu kwengqondo kokusindisa impilo yomuntu.
- Lesi akusona isinqumo okufanele usenze wedwa. Kufanele uxoxe ngaso kabanzi nomndeni wakho, ikakhulukazi udokotela wakho, futhi ucabangele zonke izici ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo sokugcina.
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