Wake waba nomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane wazizwa izigaxa ezincane entanyeni noma emakhwapheni akho? Sivame ukuzibiza ngokuthi “uketshezi.” Wake wazibuza ukuthi ziyini lezi zimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane? Ziyingxenye ebalulekile yesimiso esimangalisayo emzimbeni wethu, esisebenza njengebutho lezokuvikela lezwe lethu. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngeSistimu ye-Lymphatic, eyenza inkonzo enhle ngaphakathi emzimbeni wethu ngaphandle kokuba umuntu ayibone.
Kalula nje, luyini lolu hlelo lwe-lymphatic?
Uhlelo lwe-lymphatic luyinethiwekhi eyinkimbinkimbi yezitho zomzimba, iziteshi, kanye nezicubu emizimbeni yethu yonke. Njengoba nje imizimba yethu inenethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi, umsebenzi oyinhloko walolu hlelo ukuqoqa uketshezi olungenambala, olunamanzi olubizwa ngokuthi "i-lymph" ezicutshini zomzimba wethu bese lulubuyisela ohlelweni lwethu lokujikeleza kwegazi (igazi).
Futhi, lokhu kuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yesimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela . Njengomnyango wezobunhloli wezwe lethu, lolu hlelo lusivikela ezifweni ezingena emizimbeni yethu, futhi lubhubhisa namaseli amadala noma angajwayelekile umzimba wethu ongawadingi.
Imisebenzi emithathu eyinhloko yesistimu ye-lymphatic
Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izinsizakalo eziyinhloko umzimba wethu ozitholayo kulesi simiso esimangalisayo.
| Umsebenzi oyinhloko | Okwenzekayo kulula. |
|---|---|
| Ukususa uketshezi oluningi | Iqoqa uketshezi olwengeziwe (i-sebum) oluqongelela phakathi kwezicubu zomzimba wethu, luyihlunge, luyihlanze, bese luyibuyisela egazini. Njengesistimu yendle yedolobha, isusa imfucuza engafuneki futhi iyigcine ihlanzekile. Yingakho imizimba yethu ihlala iphilile ngaphandle kokuvuvukala. |
| Ukusiza ukumunca amafutha | Amanye amafutha ekudleni esikudlayo makhulu impela. Awakwazi ukumuncwa ngqo egazini lethu. Uhlelo lwe-lymphatic luqoqa la mafutha amakhulu emathunjini bese luwathutha luwayise egazini. |
| Ukuvikela umzimba kubahlaseli | Lokhu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Lolu hlelo lukhiqiza ama-lymphocyte, uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi elisebenza njengamasosha okuphepha emizimbeni yethu. Lawa maseli afuna futhi abhubhise amagciwane afana namagciwane, amagciwane kanye nesikhunta angena emizimbeni yethu. |
Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi lolu hlelo lusebenza kanjani ngempela.
Lena inqubo emangalisayo kakhulu. Cabanga ngayo ngale ndlela.
Nsuku zonke, cishe amalitha angu-20 engxenye ewuketshezi yegazi lethu, ebizwa ngokuthi i-plasma , ahlungwa ngezindonga zemithambo yegazi emihle kakhulu (ama-capillaries) emizimbeni yethu yonke. Kufana namanzi aphuma esiponjini. Le plasma ephumayo yiyo eletha umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ezidingwa amangqamuzana ethu. Amangqamuzana athatha lokhu kudla futhi alahle imfucuza angayidingi.
Manje, uma sithatha yonke le mikhiqizo engcolile, cishe amalitha ayi-17 e-plasma abuyela kulowo mthambo wegazi. Cabanga nje, amalitha angama-20 aphuma, kwathi amalitha ayi-17 abuyela ngaphakathi. Aphi amalitha amathathu asele?
Yilawo malitha amathathu asele lapho uhlelo lwe-lymphatic luqala khona umsebenzi walo. Leli nani elisele loketshezi phakathi kwezicubu zethu liqoqwa yiziteshi ze-lymphatic ezincane kakhulu.
Ngemva kwalokhu kuqoqwa, sibiza lolo ketshezi ngokuthi "i-lymph." Manje lolu ketshezi lwe-lymph, oludlula eziteshini ezincane, lungena emithanjeni emikhulu ye-lymphatic. Uketshezi lwe-lymph luhamba ngalezi ziteshi futhi ekugcineni luhlanganisa imithambo emibili emikhulu engxenyeni engenhla yesifuba sethu. Lokhu kufana neminyango eya emgwaqweni omkhulu. Ukusuka lapho, lolu ketshezi lwe-lymph lujoyina imithambo yethu emikhulu yegazi bese luqala ukuhamba emzimbeni wonke futhi. Ngale ndlela, lolu hlelo lusiza ukugcina ibhalansi yoketshezi emzimbeni wethu.
Yiziphi izitho eziyinhloko kanye nezingxenye zesistimu ye-lymphatic?
Uhlelo lwe-lymphatic aluyona isitho esisodwa, kodwa luyiqembu. Ake sibheke amalungu ayinhloko aleli qembu.
| Isitho/ingxenye | Umsebenzi ewenzayo |
|---|---|
| Umkantsha | Izicubu ezithambile ezingaphakathi kwamathambo ethu amakhulu, njengezinqe zethu nomgogodla. Lena yifektri eyinhloko eyenza amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, nama-platelet. |
| I-Thymus | Indlala etholakala ngaphakathi kwesifuba, ngaphezu kwenhliziyo. Yilapho uhlobo olukhethekile lweseli elimhlophe legazi elibizwa ngokuthi ama-T-cell luvuthwa khona ngokugcwele. Lawa afana namandla akhethekile alwa namagciwane. |
| Ama-Lymph Node | Sibiza lawa “maqhubu.” Lawa anjengezindawo zokuhlola ezimise okwebhontshisi. Njengoba uketshezi lwe-lymph ludlula kuwo, luhlunga futhi luhlanze amagciwane, amangqamuzana alimele, ngisho namangqamuzana omdlavuza. Kunamaqhubu angaba ngu-600 emizimbeni yethu. |
| Ubende | Isitho esikhulu kunazo zonke ohlelweni lwe-lymphatic. Sitholakala ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwesisu sethu, ngaphansi kwezimbambo zethu. Sihlunga igazi lethu. Sisusa amaseli egazi amadala, angasebenzi kahle. |
| Ama-Tonsils | Lezi, ezitholakala kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zomphimbo wethu, zisebenza njengomzila wokuqala wokuzivikela emagciwaneni angena emzimbeni ngokudla esikudlayo nangomoya esiwuphefumulayo. |
| Izicubu ze-MALT | Lolu uhlobo lwezicubu ze-lymphoid ezinamathele ezingxeni zolwelwesi lwamafinyila. Lezi zitholakala ezindaweni ezifana nendlela yethu yokuphefumula kanye namathumbu. Umsebenzi wazo ukuthola nokubhubhisa amagciwane angena lapho. |
Yiziphi izifo ezithinta uhlelo lwe-lymphatic?
Njenganoma yiluphi olunye uhlelo, uhlelo lwe-lymphatic ngezinye izikhathi lungadala izifo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu. Kodwa ungesabi ukubona lezi zinto, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela.
- I-Lymphadenopathy: Lokhu "ukuvuvukala" esikhulume ngakho ngaphambilini. Ama-lymph node angavuvukala ngenxa yokutheleleka (umphimbo obuhlungu, inxeba lesikhumba) noma umdlavuza. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amangqamuzana omzimba angaphakathi ayalwa.
- I-Lymphedema: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho uketshezi lwe-lymph luqongelela endaweni eyodwa ngenxa yokuvaleka kwemithambo ye-lymphatic. Lesi simo singavela futhi ngemva kokususwa kwezimila ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa komdlavuza. Ngokuvamile, izingalo noma imilenze iyavuvukala.
- I-Lymphoma: Umdlavuza owenzeka lapho amangqamuzana abizwa ngokuthi ama-lymphocyte kuma-lymph node ekhula ngokungalawuleki. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalokhu: i-Hodgkin's lymphoma kanye ne-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma .
- I-Lymphangitis: Ukutheleleka nokuvuvukala kwemithambo ye-lymph.
- I-Filariasis ye-Lymphatic: Ukutheleleka okubangelwa yi-parasite engathikameza ukusebenza kohlelo lwe-lymphatic.
Kunezinye izimo eziningi ezifana nalezi. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma unokuvuvukala okungavamile emzimbeni wakho, ukuqubuka okuhlala amasonto, noma uzizwa ukhathele ngaphandle kwesizathu, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela wakho ukuze akunike iseluleko.
Ngakho-ke, singalugcina kanjani lolu hlelo oluyigugu luphilile?
Kunezinto ezimbalwa ezilula esingazenza ukuze sigcine lolu hlelo lokuphepha oluhle lusesimweni esihle.
- Gwema amakhemikhali anobuthi: Amakhemikhali atholakala ezintweni ezifana nezibulala-zinambuzane kanye nezihlanzi eziqinile anganqwabelana emizimbeni yethu futhi anciphise ikhono lesistimu ye-lymphatic lokuhlunga imfucuza.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza inani elidingekayo lamanzi ngosuku. Lokhu kuzosiza uketshezi lwe-lymph ukuthi luhambe kalula kuwo wonke umzimba, ngaphandle kokubhajwa.
- Indlela yokuphila enempilo: Ukudla ukudla okunempilo nokuzivocavoca njalo kungasiza uhlelo lwakho lwe-lymphatic lusebenze kahle. Uma uzivocavoca, ukufinyela nokukhululeka kwemisipha yakho kukhuthaza ukunyakaza koketshezi lwe-lymph.
Uma unalezi zimpawu, bona udokotela.
Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, sicela uzinake bese ubona udokotela wakho.
- Ukukhathala ngokweqile ngaphandle kwesizathu.
- Ama-lymph node avuvukele (ukuvuvukala): Ikakhulukazi uma esekhona amasonto amaningana, ebuhlungu, noma ekhula.
- Ukuvuvukala ngaphandle kwesizathu esisobala: Uma unokuvuvukala engalweni, emlenzeni, noma kwenye indawo okuhlala amasonto amaningana.
Uma sicabanga ngemizimba yethu, sivame ukucabanga ngezitho esizibona ngamehlo ethu, lezo esivame ukukhuluma ngazo, njengenhliziyo, ubuchopho, nezinso. Kodwa kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ngohlelo lwe-lymphatic, olusakazeka emizimbeni yethu yonke futhi lusivikele buthule. Kufana nemigwaqo emikhulu yedolobha, imigwaqo eseceleni egcina leyo migwaqo ihlanzekile, imisele yamanzi angcolile egcina udoti ungangeni, kanye nohlelo lokukhipha amanzi. Njengoba nje idolobha lingenakusebenza kahle ngaphandle kwalo, imizimba yethu ayikwazi ukusebenza kahle ngaphandle kohlelo lwe-lymphatic.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Uhlelo lwe-lymphatic luyinethiwekhi ebaluleke kakhulu ehlanza imizimba yethu ngemfucuza futhi isivikele emagciwaneni.
- Ama-lymph node avuvukele avame ukuba uphawu lokuthi uhlelo lwakho lwe-lymphatic lulwa nokutheleleka. Avame ukuphela phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa.
- Lolu hlelo lungagcinwa luphilile ngezinto ezilula njengokuphuza amanzi amaningi, ukudla ukudla okunempilo, kanye nokuzivocavoca.
- Uma uvuvukele isikhathi eside, unamanxeba, noma ukhathele ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo, ungakushayi indiva futhi nakanjani funa iseluleko sezokwelapha.
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