Uma unesifo esifana nomkhuhlane noma ukukhwehlela, uma uya kudokotela, bakunikeza izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-antibiotic, akunjalo? Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ungazazi kahle lezi mithi. Nokho, uhlobo olubaluleke kakhulu lwama-antibiotic odokotela abavame ukuluncoma lubizwa ngokuthi ama-Macrolides. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, ziyini lezi macrolides?
Ama-Macrolide ayiqembu lama-antibiotic asetshenziswa ekwelapheni izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane . Umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko ukuvimba ukukhula, noma ukusabalala kwamagciwane angene emizimbeni yethu.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi le mithi isebenza kuphela ezifweni ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ngeke isize ezifweni ezibangelwa amagciwane, njengomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane.
Udokotela wakho angase akuncome i-macrolide uma ebona ukuthi iyindlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha ukutheleleka kwakho. Futhi, abanye abantu bane-allergy kwamanye ama-antibiotic, njenge-penicillin. Ama-macrolide asetshenziswa njengenye indlela ezimweni ezinjalo.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zama-macrolide ezisetshenziswa kakhulu?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-macrolide ezivame ukusetshenziswa odokotela eSri Lanka nasemhlabeni jikelele. Ake sizibheke etafuleni elingezansi.
| Igama Lomuthi | Isingeniso esifushane |
|---|---|
| I-Azithromycin | Uhlobo lwesifundo oluvame kakhulu olungaqedwa ngesikhathi esifushane, njengezinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu. |
| I-Clarithromycin | Iphinde isetshenziswe ezifweni zokuphefumula kanye nezinye izilonda zesisu. |
| I-Erythromycin | Umuthi omdala kancane, kodwa osasebenza kahle kakhulu osetshenziselwa izifo ezahlukahlukene. |
| I-Fidaxomicin | Isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ekuthelelekeni kwe-C. diff, ukutheleleka okukhulu kwamathumbu. |
Yiziphi izifo ezisetshenziswa ama-macrolide?
Le mithi isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo eziningi ezibangelwa amagciwane, kusukela ezifweni zokuphefumula kuya ezifweni ezithathelwana ngocansi.
- "I-pneumonia ehambayo" (i-pneumonia engavamile): Isimo se-pneumonia esihlukile kancane kwi-pneumonia evamile futhi esingesibi kangako.
- Ukutheleleka kwamehlo okubangelwa amagciwane: Ukutheleleka okubangela amehlo abomvu, alumayo.
- Umkhuhlane wekati
- I-Diphtheria
- Ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori, okubangela izilonda zesisu: Lokhu kunikezwa kanye neminye imithi.
- Izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi: Isibonelo, izimo ezifana ne-Chlamydia.
- Ukutheleleka komphimbo (umphimbo obuhlungu): Ikakhulukazi kulabo abangezwani ne-penicillin.
- Izimo zohudo olubi kakhulu: Lapho uhudo lomhambi luba lubi kakhulu.
- Ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo (i-urethritis)
- Ukukhwehlela okubi (i-Pertussis)
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezinye izikhathi i-macrolide ebizwa ngokuthi i-`Erythromycin` ifakwa esikhumbeni ngesimo sejeli ukwelapha induna. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo zamagciwane esikhumbeni sethu zinegalelo ekwakhekeni kwenduna. Le jeli ilawula lawo magciwane.
Ngingawusebenzisa kanjani lo muthi?
Ama-antibiotic e-Macrolide afika ngezindlela ezahlukene.
- Izinhlobo zamaphilisi okufanele uwagwinye
- Izinhlobo zoketshezi lokunisela
- Ijeli noma iloshini esetshenziswa esikhumbeni
- Amafutha afakwa olwelwesini lwangaphakathi lweso
- Imithi yokugoma enikezwa udokotela
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza umuthi njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekutshela, ngomthamo ofanele, ngesikhathi esifanele, nangenani elifanele lezinsuku. Funda imiyalelo eselebula lomuthi ngokucophelela. Uma ungaqiniseki, buza udokotela wakho.
Uma unikezwe umuthi owuketshezi, sebenzisa kuphela indebe yokulinganisa noma isipuni esihambisana nawo. Ungasebenzisi izipuni zasekhaya noma izipuni, ngoba zingase zingakuniki umthamo ofanele .
Ukubaluleka kokuqeda izifundo zobudokotela
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udokotela ukunike izinsuku ezingaki, kufanele uphuze umuthi ngalolo suku. Ungase uzizwe ungcono ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu zokuthatha umuthi. Kodwa ungayeki ukuthatha umuthi ngoba nje uzizwa ungcono. Uma uyeka, amagciwane asele emzimbeni wakho ngeke abhujiswe ngokuphelele. Ngemva kwesikhashana, amagciwane azophinde abe namandla, futhi lesi sifo singase sibuye.
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi?
Yebo, njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, ama-macrolide angabangela imiphumela emibi emincane. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, iningi lalawa ngokuvamile alibi kakhulu. Imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu ukuphazamiseka kwesisu.
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
- Ubuhlungu besisu noma ubuhlungu
- Uhudo
Amathuba ale miphumela emibi angahluka kuye ngohlobo lwe-macrolide olunikezwayo. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela lokhu.
Enye into ebalulekile ukuthi le mithi ingasebenzisana neminye imithi oyithathayo. Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo (kufaka phakathi amavithamini kanye nezithasiselo). Futhi, uma uphuza utshwala, mtshele ngakho. Ungase welulekwe ukuthi ugweme utshwala ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi.
Akuvamile ukuthi kube nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba. Uphawu oluvame kakhulu ukuqubuka kwesikhumba. Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi kube khona izimo zesikhumba ezinzima njenge-Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Ingabe lo muthi ungathinta isigqi senhliziyo?
Lokhu nakho akuvamile kakhulu, kodwa kubalulekile ukukuqaphela. Amanye ama-macrolide angabangela izinguquko emsebenzini kagesi wenhliziyo (i-QT interval prolongation). Lokhu kungaholela engcupheni encane kakhulu yokuthola izigqi zenhliziyo ezingavamile (ama-arrhythmia).
Kodwa ungakhathazeki nangalokhu. Odokotela bayazi ngalokhu. Uma unesifo sokusebenza kwenhliziyo njenge-"Long QT syndrome", udokotela wakho uzokunikeza umuthi ophephile wokulwa namagciwane esikhundleni salomuthi.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ezimweni ezilandelayo.
| Isimo | Okufanele ngikwenze |
|---|---|
| Uma unemibuzo mayelana nokuthi ungayithatha kanjani imithi yakho. | Khuluma nodokotela bese uthola ukuthi uthini. |
| Uma unenkinga yokusebenzisa imithi ngenxa yemiphumela emibi (isib. ukuhlanza). | Ungayeki ukuthatha imithi, kodwa shayela udokotela wakho ukuze akunike iseluleko. |
| Uma izimpawu zisabonakala ngemva kokuqeda imithi. | Bona udokotela futhi. |
| Uma uzizwa ucasukile noma unezimpawu zokungezwani komzimba. | Yazisa udokotela ngokushesha. |
| Izimo lapho udinga ukuya e-ETU (Emergency Treatment Unit) ngokushesha | |
| Uma unesifo sohudo esinamanzi izikhathi eziningana ngosuku noma uma ubonisa izimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni (umlomo owomile, amehlo acwilisiwe, ukuncipha kokuchama). | Yiya e-ETU yesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha. |
| Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu zokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba (i-Anaphylaxis), njengobunzima bokuphefumula kanye nokuvuvukala kobuso nezindebe. | Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo. Yiya ku-ETU ngokushesha. |
Ingabe i-Clindamycin nayo iyi-Macrolide?
Cha. I-'Clindamycin' akuyona i-macrolide. Ingeyesinye isigaba sama-antibiotics abizwa ngokuthi i-'Lincosamides'. Kodwa-ke, lowo muthi uphinde uvimbele ukukhula kwamagciwane ngendlela efanayo nama-macrolide.
Ekuphetheni, ama-macrolide ayisikhali esinamandla ekulweni nokutheleleka ngamagciwane. Kodwa lesi sikhali kufanele sisetshenziswe kuphela ngokuqinile, futhi kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-Macrolide uhlobo lwe-antibiotic olusetshenziswa ekwelapheni izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.Lokhu akwelaphi izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane njengomkhuhlane ovamile.
- Qiniseka ukuthi wazisa udokotela wakho ngeminye imithi oyithathayo, ukungezwani komzimba okunakho, kanye nezinye izimo zezokwelapha (ikakhulukazi isifo senhliziyo).
- Ngisho noma izimpawu zakho ziphela, qeda yonke imithi oyinikezwe udokotela wakho. Ukuma phakathi kungabangela ukuthi lesi sifo sibuye, futhi sibe sibi kakhulu.
- Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi, njengohudo olubi, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba okukhulu, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula.
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