Uma ungumama okhulelwe, kungenzeka ukuthi wesaba ukubona igama elithi 'megaureter' embikweni wakho weskeni. Noma mhlawumbe ingane yakho encane ibilokhu ithola izifo zomgudu womchamo njalo. Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile kancane uma uzwa noma ubona into efana nale. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, lokhu ngokuvamile akuyona inkinga enkulu. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngakho konke ngendlela elula necacile.
Kalula nje, iyini le Megaureter?
Kulungile, ake siqale sikuqonde lokhu. Sonke sinezinso ezimbili emizimbeni yethu, akunjalo? Lezi zinso zikhiqiza umchamo (umchamo). Bese, lo mchamo uyiswa esinyeni ngombhobho omabili. Njengoba nje amanzi ethwalwa esuka ethangini lamanzi ngamapayipi amabili. Lawo mapayipi amabili abizwa ngokuthi 'ama-ureter'.
Ngokuvamile, la mapayipi kumuntu ophilile mancane kakhulu. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi ekuzalweni, elilodwa noma womabili lawa mapayipi angaba banzi futhi abe makhulu kunokujwayelekile. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-megaureter kwezokwelapha. Igama elithi 'Mega' lisho 'elikhulu'. Ngakho-ke elithi 'Megaureter' lisho 'i-urethra ekhulisiwe'.
Odokotela bavame ukukubona lokhu ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokukhulelwa. Kuhle ukukwazi ukukubona kusenesikhathi, ngoba ungathatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo ngokushesha nje lapho umntwana ezalwa.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-megaureter ezikhona?
Lesi simo singahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko kuye ngokuthi senzeka kanjani. Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kulula ukukuqonda. Ake sibheke leli thebula.
| Uhlobo lwe-Megaureter | Kalula nje, yilokhu okwenzekayo. |
|---|---|
| I-Megaureter Yokuvuselela Umoya | Umchamo ovela kwesinyeni ugeleza ubuyela emuva, ukhuphukele e-ureter, futhi uye ezinso. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-vesicoureteral reflux ngokwezokwelapha. Ukucindezela okuvela kulokhu kugeleza ubuyela emuva kubangela ukuthi ipayipi likhule kancane kancane. |
| I-Megaureter Eyinhloko Evinjiwe | I-urethra incane kakhulu lapho ixhuma khona nesinye. Kufana nokuthi ipayipi lamanzi livalekile. Lokhu kuvimbela umchamo ukuthi ugeleze kahle futhi kubangele ukuthi ipayipi ligcwale, okubangela ukuthi livuvuke futhi libe likhulu. |
| I-megaureter eyinhloko engavimbeli, engavuseleli umoya | Lapha, zombili lezi zizathu ezingenhla azikho. Okusho ukuthi, umchamo awugelezi emuva, futhi awuvaleki. Kodwa umgudu womchamo mkhulu. Esikhathini esiningi, lolu hlobo luba ngcono ngokwalo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. |
| Ama-Megaureter Esibili | Lokhu kungenzeka njengomphumela ongemuhle wesinye isimo sezokwelapha, njengokuvaleka kwe-urethra, ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa njenge- prune belly syndrome , noma ukulimala kwemizwa esinyeni (isinyi se-neurogenic) . |
Ingabe ingane inalezi zimpawu?
Esikhathini esiningi, izingane ezinalesi simo azibonisi zimpawu . Yingakho sivame ukutholakala kuphela ngokuskena. Kodwa ezinye izingane zingase zibe nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:
- Ukutheleleka okuvamile komgudu womchamo (UTIs): Lolu uphawu oluvame kakhulu.
- Ubuhlungu obuseceleni: Ubuhlungu obuvela ohlangothini lomhlane, ngaphansi kwesikhala sezimbambo.
- Igazi emchameni (i-hematuria).
- Umkhuhlane ovamile.
- Ubunzima bokulawula umchamo (ukungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo).
Okubalulekile: Akuzona zonke izingane ezinezimpawu ezifanayo. Ezinye izingane kungenzeka zingenazo lezi zimpawu.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Iyini imbangela?
Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yoshintsho oluncane oluvela njengoba umntwana ekhula esibelethweni.
Cabanga nge-urethra njengepayipi elenziwe ngemisipha. Umchamo uhamba usuka ezinso uye kwesinye ngoba le misipha iyafinyela njengegagasi, isunduze umchamo phansi. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, lapho umntwana ekhula, ingxenye yale payipi iba lukhuni kancane, njengezicubu ezine-fibrous, esikhundleni semisipha. Khona-ke inqubo yokucindezela umchamo phansi njengegagasi ayisebenzi kahle. Ngakho umchamo uyaqoqana bese ipayipi liba likhulu.
Esinye isizathu ukuvaleka lapho ipayipi lixhuma nesinye. Lokhu kungabangelwa yizimo ezifana ne -ureterocele . Uma kunjalo, ipayipi ligcwala umchamo bese likhula.
Ngokuphathelene nokuthi ubani ongase abe nayo, ingathinta noma yimuphi umntwana, kodwa ucwaningo luthole ukuthi ivame kakhulu ngokuphindwe kane kubafana kunamantombazane .
Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, lokhu kuvame ukutholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound ngaphambi kokukhulelwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwakho.
Ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana, udokotela uzomhlola umntwana. Ngemva kwalokho, ukuze kuqinisekiswe isimo, kungenziwa izivivinyo ezilandelayo:
- I-Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG): Lolu uhlobo lwe-X-ray. Kufakwa ipayipi elincane e-urethra yengane bese kufakwa idayi ekhethekile kulo. I-X-ray ibe isibheka ukuthi uketshezi lusesinyeni noma ukuthi lubuyela emuva yini epayipini.
- I-ultrasound yezinso: Lokhu kuskena kwenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi izinso zengane kanye nesinye zingakanani nokuthi imibhobho isibe mikhulu kangakanani.
- Ukuskena Kwezinso: Lapha, inani elincane kakhulu lezinto ezinemisebe lifakwa emthanjeni wengane. Bese kusetshenziswa isikena esikhethekile ukubuka ukuthi le nto idlula kanjani ezinso. Lokhu kunganquma ngokunembile ukuthi izinso zisebenza kahle kangakanani nokuthi kukhona yini ukuvaleka.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi (iphaneli ye-Electrolyte): Lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kusiza ukubona ukuthi izinso zisebenza kahle yini.
- Ukuhlolwa komchamo: Kuthathwa isampula yomchamo bese kuhlolwa ukuthi awunalo yini ukutheleleka.
Ilashwa kanjani? Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka?
Umbuzo ofika engqondweni yawo wonke umuntu uma ezwa lokhu uthi, "O, ingabe ingane yami kuzodingeka ihlinzwe manje?"
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izingane eziningi azidingi ukuhlinzwa.
Iningi lezingane liba ngcono ngokwalo njengoba likhula, ngakho udokotela wakho angase athathe indlela "yokubuka nokulinda". Lokhu kusho ukuthi:
- Ukuskena okuvamile: Ingane iskenwa njalo ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kuqashwe ukuthi izinso zikhula kahle yini nokuthi ubukhulu bemigudu buyancipha yini.
- Ukunikeza Ama-antibiotic: Ukuze unciphise ingozi yokutheleleka kwezifo zomchamo, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze i-antibiotic yomthamo ophansi okufanele ithathwe nsuku zonke.
Kunini lapho kudingeka khona ukuhlinzwa?
Kodwa-ke, uma isimo singathuthuki phakathi nonyaka wokuqala wengane, uma umgudu womchamo ukhula, uma kukhona izifo eziqhubekayo zomgudu womchamo ezihambisana nomkhuhlane, noma uma ukusebenza kwezinso kuthintekile, udokotela angase asikisele ukuhlinzwa.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa:
1. Ukususwa kwe-Ureterostomy:Lapha, udokotela ohlinzayo uxhuma okwesikhashana i-urethra ekhulisiwe nembobo encane (i-stoma) eyenziwe esiswini somntwana. Ngemuva kwalokho, umchamo uqoqana ngqo e-napkin esikhundleni sokungena esinyeni. Lokhu kunikeza izinso kanye ne-urethra ukuphumula futhi kuvumele ukuthi zilulame. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva, leli payipi liphinde lixhunywe kwesinyeni kwenye indlela yokuhlinzwa.
2. I-Pyeloplasty: Kulokhu kuhlinzwa, ingxenye evalekile noma encishisiwe ye-urethra iyasuswa bese kuthi ipayipi lixhunywe kabusha ngendlela efanele.
Izinga lempumelelo yalokhu kuhlinzwa liphezulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke ungesabi. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela indlela yokwelapha efanele kakhulu ingane yakho.
Kunini lapho ingane idinga ukuya esibhedlela?
Uma ingane yakho ine-megaureter, kufanele uqaphele kakhulu ngezimpawu zokutheleleka komgudu womchamo. Uma ingane yakho inanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo kanye nokutheleleka komgudu womchamo , yiyise emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela esiseduze (ETU) ngokushesha :
- Umkhuhlane ophezulu
- Ubuhlungu emhlane noma entanyeni
- Ukuhlanza kanye nesicanucanu
Lezi zimpawu zibonisa ukuthi ukutheleleka kungenzeka ukuthi kuthinte izinso. Ngakho-ke ungalibali.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Megaureter yisimo lapho i-ureter eyodwa noma zombili zengane zinkulu kunokujwayelekile ekuzalweni. Lokhu kuvame ukutholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
- Ungakhathazeki ngalokhu. Iningi lezingane alidingi ukuhlinzwa . Lesi simo sizoba ngcono ngokwaso ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuyisa ingane yakho ekuhlolweni kanye nasemtholampilo ngesikhathi, njengoba udokotela esho. Ungaphuthelwa yibo.
- Uma ingane yakho inomkhuhlane kanye nezimpawu zokutheleleka komgudu womchamo (ukuchama njalo, ukukhala ngenkathi ichama, umchamo onephunga elibi), bona udokotela ngokushesha.
- Kuyilungelo lakho ukuxoxa ngokukhululekile nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukwesaba onakho nodokotela wakho.
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